Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Infections of a prosthetic hip are of three types: acute contiguous, chronic contiguous, and hematogenous. Acute contiguous infections result from contamination of the operative field at the time of surgery; clinical manifestations of infection become apparent within 6 months. Chronic contiguous infections are diagnosed 6-24 months postoperatively and are believed to be caused by intraoperative contamination. Hematogenous seeding of prosthetic joints accounts for infections that develop > or = 2 years after surgery. Fever and pain or dysfunction of the joint may be the only signs or symptoms of prosthetic hip joint infection. Definitive diagnosis is established by culture of a needle aspirate from the joint space or by intraoperative culture. Prospective, randomized, double-blind or evaluator-blinded, active-control comparative studies are preferable to open trials. Success rates 10-14 weeks after completion of a 4- to 6-week course of antimicrobial therapy should be > or = 90%.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of new anti-infective drugs for the treatment of infections of prosthetic hip joints. Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Food and Drug Administration. 147 27

The GSB-III knee prosthesis is one of the semi-constrained types and consequently ranks between the non-constrained condylar prostheses and the fully constrained hinges. Its kinematics can be classified as "physiological" in the sagittal plane as far as the relationship between femur and tibia in the various degrees of flexion is concerned, which is a replica of a normal knee joint. The high average range of postoperative mobility as well as the extremely low aseptic loosening rate after 10 years prove the truth of this statement. A simple operative technique requiring a few special instruments allows even the less experienced knee surgeon to be successful and to obtain good results in cases with severe deformity and poor bone quality. The survival curves of the GSB-III prosthesis (n = 638) show a cummulative success rate of over 90% after 10 years. Looking separately at cases complaining of more or less severe pain, we frequently find underlying patellar problems, the main cause for revisional surgery. This problem is not specific for our prosthesis, but must be considered a so far unsolved worldwide problem. Infections are another relatively frequent cause for revisions. Disturbed wound healing, arterial insufficiency and malignant rheumatoid arthritis are the outstanding risk factors. For a reliable comparison of the different knee prostheses we ought to have a globally accepted evaluation system, which unfortunately still does not exist.
 ...
PMID:[The GSB knee joint: reoperation and infections]. 187 1

Arthrodesis of the ankle can result in a painless, normal walking gait. However, complications in ankle arthrodesis can be major, and can occur when anatomy, deformity, or bony deficiency is not properly addressed. Nonoperative treatment should always be considered first, and, if possible, an open or arthroscopic ankle debridement can provide significant pain relief. Arthrodesis should be considered after conservative treatment fails. Infections, deformity, sensory deficiencies, and bony defects require special consideration. The use of bone graft and internal or external compression will enhance the likelihood of a successful arthrodesis.
 ...
PMID:An overview of ankle arthrodesis. 206 Feb 33

VADs are indicated for many persons who require reliable long-term venous access. Nontunneled, tunneled, and venous access ports are constructed of silicone or polyurethane, the most biocompatible materials identified thus far. These devices are inserted in a similar fashion and are extremely versatile. Although VADs represent a major advance in catheter technology, they are not without problems. The most serious and frequently reported complications include infection, thrombosis, and extravasation. Catheter occlusions are another frequent problem, and may be caused by clotted blood or precipitated drug within the catheter. Nursing care centers on prevention and intervention to remove the occlusion. Catheter-related infections may occur at one or more points along the catheter. The most serious are those occurring in the tunnel or as a result of a mural or catheter-tip thrombus. Normal skin flora are most commonly cultured with catheter-related infections. These organisms may be introduced into the body through the catheter hub or less often by migrating along the external catheter. Infections differ in their severity, prognosis, and treatment. Actions to minimize risk (scrupulous care and patient teaching), prompt recognition, and appropriate interventions are crucial. Thrombotic events include fibrin sheaths, patchy thrombotic plaques on the cannulated venous intima, and totally occlusive mural thromboses. Problems associated with these can range from withdrawal occlusion to obstruction of the great vessels and symptoms of superior vena cava syndrome. Mural thrombosis, which probably occurs more frequently than previously suspected, is the most significant risk factor for infection and may also potentiate extravasation. Prompt initiation of therapy will resolve symptoms and maintain the functioning of the catheter. Extravasation can result in transient discomfort or major tissue damage, pain, and functional loss. Needle dislodgment from ports is the most frequent cause. Adequate stabilization of needles and use of nonsiliconized needles are recommended to decrease this risk. Thrombosis at the catheter tip with back tracking of infusate out of the vein to subcutaneous tissues is the second most frequent cause of extravasation and has been reported with tunneled catheters as well as ports. It should be noted that catheter-tip displacement and catheter damage infrequently lead to extravasation. When extravasation is suspected, the infusion is stopped, and the nurse notifies the physician so diagnostic procedures and treatment can be initiated. Other complications occur infrequently but may contribute to patient discomfort, morbidity, and mortality. These include phlebitis, which resolves with conservative management in most instances, and pneumothorax, which occurs in a small percentage of patients within a short period after catheter placement.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Advances in venous access devices and nursing management strategies. 211 Jun 64

The long-term CVC allows patients with a variety of diseases to lead a more normal and pain-free life. The use of these catheters has become commonplace in most hospitals, and the physician caring for patients in the ICU will be caring for increasing numbers of patients with an indwelling long-term CVC. Infections of these catheters can be manifested in many different ways: tunnel infections, exit site infections, catheter-related bacteremia, and septic thrombophlebitis. The overwhelming majority of these infections are caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci, but physicians should be aware of the wide variety of organisms that can infect the long-term CVC. The diagnosis of long-term CVC sepsis can be difficult, but the use of quantitative blood cultures for catheters left in place and the Maki method for culturing those catheters that are removed will aid physicians in their quest for diagnostic certainty. The great majority of catheter infections will resolve with antibiotic therapy alone without the need for catheter removal, but there are important exceptions to this general rule. Tunnel infections and fungal long-term CVC infections often require catheter removal for their resolution; septic thrombophlebitis and CR-SCVT require the addition of anticoagulation or fibrinolytic therapy to antibiotic regimens for resolution of the infection, and surgical debridement may be warranted if these modalities fail to resolve the infection.
 ...
PMID:Infectious complications of indwelling long-term central venous catheters. 218 3

A retrospective study has been carried out on 149 patients with hypertrophic breasts operated on during the period 1977 to 1979 using Skoog's technique of reduction mammaplasty. Both physical and psychological symptoms were investigated as well as the follow-up results of the operation as a whole, as judged by the patient herself. The observation time was 5 years and the average age of the patients was 39 years. 75% of the women were overweight or obese. The symptoms the middle-aged women indicated preoperatively to be caused by the hypertrophic breasts were pain in the neck, shoulders and back regions, and indenting bra straps, while psychological and cosmetic reasons were more common in younger women. The average reduction per breast was 1,100 g with 3,800 g as the largest total reduction. There was a positive correlation between the age of the patient and the tissue reduction, and a significant correlation between overweight and the amount of tissue reduced. Complications were more often seen when more than 1,500 g mammary tissue were removed or when the operation time exceeded 3.5 h. Infections, nipple necroses and pronounced scars were also positively correlated to overweight. The preoperative symptoms were cured or improved to 80-100%. 95.3% of the women were very satisfied (65.1%) or satisfied (30.2%) with the follow-up results while only 4.7% considered the results to be less satisfactory.
 ...
PMID:The effect on the preoperative symptoms and the late results of Skoog's reduction mammaplasty. A follow-up study on 149 patients. 238 25

Six cases of Kingella kingae arthritis, osteomyelitis, and diskitis were studied, and data were reviewed from an additional 23 cases in the English-language literature. K. kingae is a slow-growing, fastidious, gram-negative microorganism that colonizes mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Infections were predominantly seen in infants and young children (86% of cases) and were preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection in 31% of patients. Low-grade fever (38 degrees C-39 degrees C) and pain or swelling involving the affected limb developed insidiously. However, 76% of the infections were diagnosed within 1 week after the onset of symptoms. The knee was involved in 47% and the hip in 33% of cases of arthritis. Osteomyelitis mainly involved the femur (36%); four cases of osteomyelitis (29%) were diagnosed as diskitis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was greater than 20 mm/h in all patients. Gram stains of aspiration fluid were positive in 19% of cases, whereas blood cultures yielded growth in only 5%. Radiographic signs indicating the presence of osteomyelitis were observed in 93% of patients. All patients recovered completely. K. kingae is an important causative agent in indolent bone, joint, and intervertebral disk infections.
 ...
PMID:Bone and joint infections caused by Kingella kingae: six cases and review of the literature. 305 96

Infections of the ear are among the most frequent causes for patients to seek care in the ED. Although most infections are fairly simple to diagnose and treat, the anatomic complexity of the ear, its shared innervation with other body structures, its proximity to other body systems, and the risk of serious complications necessitate an orderly approach to the care of these problems. This article outlines an approach to the history, physical examination, diagnosis, and management of these infections. Adherence to such an approach should maximize the likelihood of attaining relief and obliteration of pain, prevention of acute and chronic sequelae, and ultimately, patient satisfaction.
 ...
PMID:Ear infections. 332 72

A number of radiologic features on chest X-ray may aid in diagnosis and management of the patient with legionella infection. The infiltrates in legionnaires' disease frequently progress despite initiation of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Pleural effusion is common and occasionally seen even in the absence of lung field infiltrates. Pleural-based infiltrates associated with pleuritic pain may mimic pulmonary embolism. Circumscribed peripheral densities are commonly seen in immunosuppressed patients. Cavitation is also a prominent feature in this patient group and may develop during clinical improvement. Radiographic severity does not correlate with clinical outcome. Resolution of infiltrates may be slow, and the tendency for delayed clearing should be considered before initiating further invasive diagnostic investigation. Infections due to Tatlockia (Legionella) micdadei and Legionella bozemanii are more commonly reported in immunocompromised hosts; the radiographic manifestations are similar to those seen in Legionella pneumophila infection in the immunosuppressed.
 ...
PMID:The radiologic manifestations of Legionella pneumonia. 332 94

In a retrospective review of varicella-zoster (V-Z) Infections in adult cancer patients, 766 episodes of V-Z Infection were studied among 740 patients seen at a large comprehensive cancer center from 1972 to 1980. The highest risk of infection was present among patients with lymphoma and leukemia. The risk of dissemination of V-Z Infection was significantly associated with the presence of active tumor at the time of Infection. The site of the primary tumor correlated with the site of subsequent zoster Infection among patients with breast cancer, cancer of the respiratory tract, and gynecologic cancer. Pain attributable to V-Z Infection was present in a large majority of episodes. The median time from the completion of therapy to the onset of Infection was seven months for patients receiving radiotherapy and less than one month for those receiving chemotherapy. Various attributes of this study group were compared with those of previously studied cancer and noncancer populations.
 ...
PMID:Varicella-zoster infection in adult cancer patients. A population study. 338 2


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Next >>