Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The records of 158 patients irradiated for bone metastases were reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief and to judge the effect of treatment on overall quality of life. Within 3 months 73% of the sites treated had pain relief, with 55%-65% having sustained relief up to 1 year or death. Of patients surviving more than 3 months, 63% maintained a satisfactory quality of life and were able to take care of most personal needs. The median survival of all patients was 1 year from initial treatment for bone metastasis. Radiation dose and the primary tumor site do not seem to be significant prognostic factors for initial pain relief or quality of life.
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PMID:Evaluation of radiation therapy for bone metastases: pain relief and quality of life. 7 4

In 26 of 227 patients with carcinoma metastatic to the eye or orbit, metastasis to the anterior uveal tract was the predominating feature. There was a definite propensity for the tumor to involve the horizontal meridian of the iris or ciliary body, rather than the upper or lower portions. The site of the primary tumor in the 26 patients was as follows: lung 14; breast, 9; kidney, 2; and rectum, 1. Ocular symptoms and signs produced by the metastatic tumors at onset or during the course of the disease included decreased vision (80%), a visible mass (72%), redness of the eye (56%), pain (56%), glaucoma (56%), iridocylitis (44%), and hyphema (24%). The median survival of the 26 patients with metastasis to the anterior segment of the eye was only 5.4 months from the time of ocular surgery. This is poorer than the median survival (7.2 months) of the patients with metastasis confined to the posterior segment, and much worse than the median survival (15.6 months) of the 28 patients with orbital involvement.
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PMID:Carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit II. A clinicopathological study of 26 patients with carcinoma metastatic to the anterior segment of the eye. 16 33

Of 112 000 patients undergoing surgery between 1952 and 1973, 67 had a primary tumor of the small intestine. 22 patients had a benign tumor, 8 a carcinoid, 21 carcinoma and 15 sarcoma. Benign tumors were more frequent in the duodenum and ileum, carcinoids in the terminal ileum and carcinomas in the duodenum and jejunum. Sarcomas were found equally in all parts of the small intestine. The most common symptom for all types of the tumor was variable pain in the abdomen. Loss of weight occurred only in patients with carcinomas and sarcomas; heavy intestinal blood loss was most common in patients with benign tumors. Benign tumors often show invagination, while sarcomas cause occlusive ileus or perforation. All duodenal tumors show heavy intestinal bleeding but hematemesis is rare. Emergency surgery was necessary in 42% of patients with benign tumors or sarcoma and in 30% of patients with carcinoma. Five-year survival in patients with benign tumors is excellent (100%). Compared to this, five-year survival in patients with carcinoma, sarcoma or carcinoids is only 15%.
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PMID:[Complications in primary tumors of the small intestine]. 16 32

The therapeutic effect of carminomycin was studied in clinic at different treatment schemes with respect to 14 children and juvenile patients with osteogenic sarcoma. Pronounced local effect evident from disappearance of the pain and in some cases decrease of the metastatic tumor were noted in the patients with metastases of the osteogenic sarcoma to the bones or relapses of the primary tumor. Subjective improvement and objective effect were observed respectively in 90 and 53 per cent of the patients with metastases into the lungs and pronounced lung symptomatology.
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PMID:[Use of carminomycin on children and adolescents with osteogenic sarcoma]. 37 20

The diagnostic value of bone pain in 227 consecutive patients with known primary tumor was investigated and bone scans were obtained. Eighty-two of 130 patients with bone pain had metastases with positive scans. In contrast, 80 of 97 patients without pain did not have metastases and the scans were negative; 13, however, did have metastases and positive scans, and in 10 of these the lesions were osteoblastic. Osteoblastic metastases may not produce pain. In a group of 70 patients with bone pain of unknown origin or elevated phosphatase levels, bone scans were also obtained and evaluated. Only one had metastatic disease, 40 were negative, and 29 had positive scans due to benign disease. It is concluded that in the assessment of malignancies, bone pain is a good indication for bone scintigraphy, except in those patients with osteoblastic lesions. However, when malignant disease has not yet been established, bone pain is not a reliable indication for scanning and radiographic examination is the initial examination of choice.
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PMID:The influence of bone pain on the results of bone scans. 50 88

This paper is based on 21 patients with metastases of the choroid from extraocular tumors, observed over a period of 25 years (1952--1977) at Erlangen University Eye Clinic. Approximately 70% of these relatively rare metastases of the choroid are caused by cancer of the breast. Ophthalmoscopically, they are usually localized to the left of the posterior pole and are yellowish. In about 20% of the cases both eyes are affected. Since breast cancer is the most frequent cause of the primary tumor, women in the 40 to 60 age group are the most common sufferers. On the other hand, it is worth mentioning that in 2 cases the metastases were the first signs of any type of malignancy. Typical is the relatively flat, shell-like growth. In cytological specimens the portion of the retina covering the tumor normally shows no evidence of cystic degenerative change, in contrast to malignant melanoma. In view of the short average life expectancy of about 9 months, therapy should consist in preserving the eye and thus some degree of vision. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy or cytostatic therapy whould be tried. Enucleation is only indicated where there is severe pain, secondary glaucoma, amaurosis or if it is impossible to differentiate from a malignant melanoma.
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PMID:[Tumor metastases of the choroid: clinical picture and histology (author's transl)]. 54 92

A radioimmunoassay for ng quantities of DNA was developed. [125l]lododeoxyuridine-labeled DNA was used as the antigen, and the serum of a lupus erythematosus patient served as the source of antibody. The level of free DNA in the serum of 173 patients with various types of cancer and in 55 healthy individuals was determined by this radioimmunoassay. DNA concentration in the normal controls had a range of 0 to 100 ng/ml with a mean of 13 +/- 3 ng/ml (S.E.). For comparison purposes, the range of 0 to 50 ng/ml was designated as normal, and 93% of controls were found in this range. In the cancer patients, the DNA concentration ranged from zero to mug levels with a mean of 180 +/- 38 ng/ml. Fifty % of the patients values were found in the range of 0 to 50 ng/ml; the other 50% were between 50 and 5000 ng/ml. No correlation could be seen between DNA levels and the size or location of the primary tumor. Significantly higher DNA levels, however, were found in the serum of patients with metastatic disease (mean of 209 +/- 39 ng/ml), as compared to nonmetastatic patients (mean 100 +/- 30, p less than 0.02). After radiation therapy in lymphoma, lung, ovary, uterus, and cervical tumors, the levels decreased in 66 to 90% of the patients, whereas in glioma, breast, colon, and rectal tumors, the DNA levels decreased only in 16 to 33% of the patients. Generally, the decrease in DNA concene of tumor size and reduction of pain. Conversely, when DNA levels either increased or remained unchanged, a lack of response to the treatment was noted. Of 17 patients who died within a year, 13 showed DNA levels that remained high or unchanged, whereas only 4 showed lower levels during treatment. Persistent high or increasing DNA levels in the circulation, therefore, may signal a relapse and are probably a poor prognostic sign. The relatively high percentage (50%) of cancer patients with apparently normal DNA levels would suggest that this test may have low diagnostic value. It should be pointed out, however, that all these patients represent a selected group considered for radiation therapy, usually after surgery and/or chemotherapy. It is possible that a better correlation between DNA levels and cancer will be obtained prior to the initiation of treatment. On the other hand, DNA in the serum may be an important tool for the evaluation of therapy or the comparison of different regimens.
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PMID:Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy. 83 66

Primary malignancy of the upper alveolus is an infrequent type of intra-oral carcinoma. This study reviews in detail 50 patients with a primary tumor of the upper alveolus who were treated at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia and Vancouver area hospitals, between 1940-1970 inclusive. Sixteen per cent had exposure to possible industrial carcinogens; 34 per cent had previous leukoplakia. The common presenting symptoms were pain (78 per cent) and swelling (64 per cent). Only 22 per cent had tumors confined to the upper alveolus. Fifty-two per cent had extensive lesions (i.e. T3 and T4). Twenty-six per cent had palpable cervical lymph nodes with potential metastatic disease. Treatment consisted of surgery, radiotherapy, or a combination of both. Complications are detailed. The five year survival rate is 44 per cent; and the 10 year survival rate 24 per cent. Treatment rationale is discussed.
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PMID:Upper alveolar carcinoma--a 30 year survey. 92 21

A total of 125 patients with progressing advanced prostatic cancer were entered into a chemotherapy study comparing cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and standard therapy. Parameters of response were studied in 110 patients who could be evaluated. Thirty-six patients (33 per cent) were considered to have an objective response, that is becoming stable (29 patients) or in partial regression (7 patients). Negative response parameters (predictors of a poor response to chemotherapy or standard theraphy leading to progress) included (1) bone marrow evidence of prostatic cancer, (2) abnormal liver scan, (3) prior radiation therapy (indirectly through increased toxicity to chemotherapy), and (4) lack of bilateral orchiectomy prior to randomization. Positive indicators (predictors of good responses) included (1) reduction of primary tumor mass, especially after administration of 5-fluorouracil or cyclophosphamide, and (2) hemoglobin values. There were more objective responders to cyclophosphamide than standard therapy whether the hemoglobin was initially normal or low. Indeterminate parameters of response included weight gain, presence of bony or soft tissue metastases, relief of pain, performance status, excretory urography, and biochemical determinations of liver and renal function.
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PMID:Chemotherapy of advanced prostatic cancer. Evaluation of response parameters. 93 81

Two hundred and twenty-seven cases of carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit have been reviewed previously. The orbit alone was involved in 28 cases: theses lesions constitute the basis of this clinicopathologic study. The most common signs and symptoms produced by orbital metastasis included exophthalmos (75%1, pain (29%), decreased vision (29%), periorbital swelling (25%), a visible mass (21%), ophthalmoplegia, and diplopia (18%). The ophthalmologists' preoperative (or premortem) clinical diagnoses were: orbital mass, 36%; metastatic carcinoma, 29%; leukemia, 7%; melanosarcoma, 4%; mixed tumor of lacrimal gland, 4%; and meningioma, 4%. The sites of the primary tumors in the 28 patients with orbital metastasis were as follows: breast, eight; lung, four; genitourinary tract, four; pancreas, one; and ileum, one. In 10 patients the site of the primary carcinoma was not determined. In 17 of the 28 patients, symptoms of orbital metastasis preceded detection of a primary tumor elsewhere in the body. In 10 of the remaining 11 patients, detection of the primary tumor had preceded the onset of orbital symptoms. In one patient, symptoms of the primary tumor and of orbital metastasis appeared at about the same time. The median survival of patients with carcinoma metastatic to the orbit was 15.6 months from the time of orbital surgery. This was much better than the median survival of the 227 patients in the overall study (7.4 months) and far better than the median survival of the patients with metastasis to the anterior segment of the eye (only 5.4 months).
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PMID:Carcinoma metastatic to the eye and orbit III. A clinicopathologic study of 28 cases metastatic to the orbit. 95 71


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