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 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Patients with rheumatic disorders may suffer from various acute or chronic ocular symptoms. In addition to pain and motility disorders, loss of vision, and irreversible deterioration of the eye may occur. Red eye, a symptom easily identified, can be a sign of rheumatic involvement, but can also have a variety of other causes. Dry eye is frequently present in rheumatic patients. It is always important that infections and masquerade syndromes are ruled out in the differential diagnoses of any ocular inflammation. In cases of ocular inflammation the ophthalmologist should determine the diagnostic procedure on the basis of his clinical experience. Uveitis is a common complication of juvenile idiopathic arthritis depending on the subtype of arthritis. Patients with episcleritis rarely suffer from systemic inflammation, while inflammation is found in half of all cases of scleritis. Corneal ulceration should always be managed as an emergency case and, in addition to systemic medication, surgical intervention is often indicated. The degree of orbital or ocular involvement can be objectively monitored using modern imaging techniques. Medications against rheumatic inflammation may rarely result in ocular side effects, which should be detected early by the eye specialist.
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PMID:[Typical questions from the rheumatologist to the ophthalmologist and cooperating radiologist]. 1868 65

A middle-aged Asian gentleman presented with four weeks' history of recurrent redness, pain and deterioration of vision in his right eye. He was diagnosed with chronic, unilateral, granulomatous hypertensive uveitis. During one of the serial examinations a single, off-white, extremely motile, thread-like worm about 15 mm long was noted in the anterior chamber. Surgical retrieval of the worm was unsuccessful. The worm disappeared in the eye and was never seen again. Patient suffered from chronic waxing and waning granulomatous inflammation with uncontrolled high intraocular pressure despite treatment. The vision dropped down to no perception of light. Therapeutic success in such patients depends upon early and complete surgical removal of the worm, which could be a real challenge as worms are highly motile and only visible sporadically, as in this case. Ocular parasitosis should be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis in treating non-responsive chronic hypertensive granulomatous inflammation, especially if the patient is of Southeast Asian origin or has recently visited the region.
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PMID:Ocular parasitosis: a rare cause of hypertensive uveitis. 1897 22

The spondyloarthritides (SpA) have various clinical signs and symptoms in common: spinal inflammation, enthesitis, uveitis, and an at least partial common genetic factor such as the association with HLA B27. In addition to ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the most prevalent and important subtype, there are four other subtypes. The currently available and frequently used outcome parameters in the therapy of AS are discussed in this article. There are different areas for the potential aims of therapy in AS. The term disease activity usually covers the various aspects of a systemic inflammatory rheumatic disease. Pain is what usually matters most for patients but also morning stiffness can be quite disabling. In AS patients, restrictions in spinal mobility and decreased function are also significant, due in part to inflammation and structural changes, respectively. As represented in the international classification of function (ICF) this mainly relates to the structure of the axial skeleton, the spinal column and the vertebral bodies, vertebral joints, discs, attachments of ligaments to bone and tendons.
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PMID:[Ankylosing spondylitis. Target treatment criteria]. 1914 45

A 29-year-old woman who underwent laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopic astigmatism in both eyes presented with severe pain, photophobia and decreased visual acuity in the left eye eight days after surgery. Examination revealed severe anterior uveitis with fibrinous exudates in the anterior chamber, flap edema and epithelial bullae. Laboratory investigations for uveitis were negative and the patient required systemic and intensive topical steroids with cycloplegics to control the inflammation. This case demonstrates that severe anterior uveitis may develop after LASIK and needs prompt and vigorous management for resolution.
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PMID:Fibrinous anterior uveitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. 1957 7

Lues (syphilis) is a chronic cyclic infectious disease which can continue for decades if untreated. A simultaneous HIV infection can result in false negative results in serological tests for lues. The occurrence of neurolues has frequently been described in HIV positive patients. In the differential diagnosis an early ocular manifestion of lues should be considered. A 40-year-old homosexual patient presented in our hospital with bilateral pain-free increasing loss of vision. The ophthalmological examination revealed an intermediately expressed panuveitis with streaky opacity of the vitreous body and pronounced bilateral papillary swelling. Following systemic anti-inflammatory therapy with cortisone the situation worsened after initial improvement. The serological investigations revealed both HIV and lues infections. Intravenous therapy with mega units of penicillin led to a slow improvement of clinical symptoms and also vision. In cases of uveitis of unclear origin together with a HIV infection and suspected lues, regular serological testing should be carried out because the occurrence of late complications of lues can be avoided by the diagnosis of lues and adequate treatment.
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PMID:[Bilateral panuveitis with papillary swelling]. 1965 50

Galileo Galilei became blind. Before this happened he revealed that his left eye had always had less than perfect vision. A study of his written works, his handwriting, and the originals of the portraits undertaken during his lifetime indicate that this probably was the case. These portraits suggest that his left eye tended to lose fixation and that, at the age of 60, he suffered from a mucocoele of the right frontal sinus; but these conditions would not have caused blindness. Considering the systemic diseases from which he suffered over his lifetime, he could possibly have had a long standing uveitis with secondary pupillary block glaucoma, common in those with the group of conditions classified as sero-negative arthropathies. Posterior scleritis with secondary glaucoma is less likely. If either of these were the cause, then the disease was probably triggered by a well-documented, severe acute illness as a young adult, the inflammation being localized to the eye as a result of severe recurrent conjunctival infections in his youth. The intermittent nature of the visual loss, the normal appearance of the cornea and pupils in his portraits, the absence of any evidence of inflammatory joint disease, the presence of halos, and the severe nature of the pain-combined with the high level of visual acuity in between attacks and its persistence until the last few weeks of vision means that angle-closure glaucoma must also be considered. These suggestions might be confirmed or refuted by studying his remains. Application has been made for this to be done.
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PMID:The enigma of Galileo's eyesight: some novel observations on Galileo Galilei's vision and his progression to blindness. 1968 27

To report a clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in a case of primary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the uvea associated with massive diffuse extraocular episcleral extension and focal infiltration of the optic nerve and meninges, clinically presented as longstanding uveitis masquerade syndrome. Interventional case reports with histopathological correlation. We describe a 80-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of chronic recurrent hypertensive (pan) uveitis associated with ocular pain, unresponsive to topical and systemic anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, antibiotic/antiviral and antiglaucomatous therapy. Because the eye was not salvageable with conservative treatment, enucleation of blind and painful eye was performed. Findings from histopathological and immunohistochemistry examination of the enucleated eye showed an extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the uveal tract with massive epibulbar extension and optic nerve and meningeal penetration. During almost 3 years of clinical course and 6 months after the enucleation, there were no systemic manifestations of lymphoma, and patient has not required subsequent treatment. Primary lymphoproliferative lesions of the uvea, comprising the iris, ciliary body and choroid are very rare, associated with epibulbar extension extremely and with optic nerve and menigeal penetration exceptionally. Despite its rarity, primary lymphoma of the uvea should be included in the differential diagnosis particularly in older patients with longstanding recurrent uveitis.
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PMID:Primary extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the uvea associated with massive diffuse epibulbar extension and focal infiltration of the optic nerve and meninges, clinically presented as uveitis masquerade syndrome: a case report. 1981 17

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis is a term that encompasses all forms of arthritis that begin before the age of 16 years, persist for more than 6 weeks and are of unknown cause. Dry synovitis is still not completely understood nor commonly described. It is associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and must be considered in patients with minimal swelling but pain and stiffness along with flexion contractures as well as other evidence of an inflammatory process (lab changes and/or other symptoms, such as uveitis or rash), and often follow a destructive course. The authors present a case of a brazilian child with a rheumatoid factor- negative polyarthritis compatible with the subtype dry synovitis, who had great clinical and functional improvement after participation in rehabilitation activities and beginning of pharmacological treatment usually used in Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, including immunossuppressive therapy.
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PMID:[Juvenile idiopathic arthritis with dry synovitis: clinical case and review of literature]. 1982 Jun 78

A 59-year-old man presented with bilateral calf pain and swelling for two weeks. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging examination showed multiple bilateral, nodular, and spindle- shaped lesions in the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. On physical examination, hyperpigmented, papular lesions were noticed; biopsy of the skin of his right elbow showed granulomatous inflammation. His angiotensin converting enzyme level was markedly elevated. Computed tomography showed diffuse interstitial thickening, miliary nodules, and traction bronchiectases throughout the lung parenchyma. Ophthalmologic examination showed uveitis in his left eye. Based on the lung, eye, and skin findings, a clinical diagnosis of sarcoidosis was made. After two months of corticosteroid treatment, his muscle lesions largely resolved.
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PMID:Acute sarcoid myositis with unusual radiologic findings. 1983 83

Hepatitis B vaccination can prevent hepatitis B virus infection and its serious consequences, including liver cancer and cirrhosis. Serious side effects reported after receiving hepatitis B vaccination are very uncommon. A majority of the ophthalmological complications seen following hepatitis B vaccination consist of vision loss, optic neuritis, papillary edema, uveitis, acute placoid pigment epitheliopathy and central vein occlusion. We present a 9-year-old girl who was referred to our hospital with decrease in vision and pain in the left eye a week after hepatitis B vaccination. A diagnosis of vaccine-induced optic neuritis was made. The clinical picture improved after systemic corticosteroid treatment. Acute optic neuritis might be a rare complication of hepatitis B vaccination. Parents should be aware of the potential serious side effects of the vaccine.
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PMID:Optic neuritis following hepatitis B vaccination in a 9-year-old girl. 1994 37


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