Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When a CO2 laser beam is applied to the skin, subjects feel a "pin-prick" sensation. We have investigated somatosensory evoked potentials following CO2 laser stimulation (laser SEP) in normal subjects, and confirmed that signals following CO2 laser stimulation ascend through A-delta fibers and the spinothalamic tract. Its conduction velocity is approximately 10 m/s. Change in pain perception produced by the application of movement and various modalities of sensation to areas adjacent to, and remote from, the painful stimulus was investigated by means of laser SEPs. We investigated pain SEPs and conventional electrically stimulated SEPs in patients with various neurological diseases including peripheral neuropathies, syringomyelia, multiple sclerosis and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), and found a good correlation between laser SEP findings and the degree of impairment of pain-temperature sensations. Laser SEPs could be used to find subclinical abnormalities in some patients.
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PMID:[Brain potentials following painful stimulation in humans]. 785 33

During a twenty-year period 1967-1986, clinical features and clinical course of 50 patients with proved (in 3), clinically definite (in 32), early probable (in 13) and suspected (in 2) cases of multiple sclerosis were studied. Certain clinical characteristics in Thai patients are noteworthy, namely, a higher female to male ratio (4:1), a higher rate of optic nerve involvement (76%), and lower rate of brain stem involvement (30%) and cerebellar involvement (10%) during the course of illness in contrast to those of Western series. Painful tonic seizure was a prominent feature in Thai patients with multiple sclerosis (22/50 or 44%). Thirty out of 50 patients could be traced. Ten patients had died (33%) from the disease after 1-21 years with a mean of 8.08 years. Twenty patients (66%) were still alive. The follow-up period was 2-12 years with an average of 6.65 years. Among the twenty, 3 were bed-ridden, 3 were chair-bound and 5 had restricted activities. Nine patients (30%) were still working fully.
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PMID:Clinical features and clinical course of multiple sclerosis in Thai patients: a report of 50 cases. 786 4

A 25-year-old man was hospitalized because of dyspnoea and retrosternal pain. There were clinical and radiological signs of severe left ventricular failure which within a few hours necessitated artificial ventilation. A year before he had been diagnosed as having pseudohyperparathyroidism and disseminated encephalomyelitis. Administration of calcium and vitamin D was only partially efficacious. On admission the calcium concentration was 1.5 mmol/l. The severe left ventricular failure did not respond adequately to the usual therapeutic measures including artificial ventilation and catecholamines. A cumulative dose of about 50 mmol calcium was administered intravenously over 10 days, but marked improvement in myocardial function already became apparent at a calcium concentration of about 1.8 mmol/l. Lasting correction of the hypocalcaemia was achieved with 0.5 g calcium three times daily by mouth and 0.5 mg/d dihydrotachysterol. After transfer to a special neurological department because of an acute attack of multiple sclerosis there was no detectable impairment of cardiac function. This case demonstrates that hypocalcaemic cardiomyopathy should be considered in the differential diagnosis of heart failure in previously well young persons who do not respond adequately to the usual treatment. Myocardial impairment is fully reversible after administration of calcium.
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PMID:[Hypocalcemic cardiomyopathy as the cause of severe left heart failure]. 792 18

Previous studies have reported variable prevalence of pain in multiple sclerosis (MS) and have not documented the impact of pain on daily living. In this consecutive series, we report on data collected from structured interviews with 85 patients seen within a 16-month period at a regional referral clinic. The prevalence of pain for the month preceding assessment was 53%. There were no significant differences between patients who did and those who did not report pain on the basis of patient demographics (age, gender) and disease characteristics (disease subtype, duration and neurologic symptom severity). Disease duration and neurologic symptom severity were significantly correlated with the number of hours of pain per week but were not correlated with pain severity, the number of pain sites or pain-related distress. There was wide variability in the number of pain hours/week reported with 17.6% of the sample reporting continuous pain for the month preceding assessment. Sixty-five percent of patients with pain reported taking medications for pain and 90% of these patients evaluated their medication(s) as 50% effective or better. Nevertheless, patients with pain reported poorer mental health and more social-role handicap. Discussion focuses on the need for routine assessment of pain and the comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of pain interventions in the therapeutic management of patients with MS.
Pain 1994 Jul
PMID:Pain prevalence, severity and impact in a clinic sample of multiple sclerosis patients. 797 Aug 43

We have studied 122 patients (52 men and 70 women) with definite Multiple Sclerosis (MS) to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of pain in MS. The Hamilton Rating Scale for depression, the Beck-Self Depression Inventory and the Kurtzke Disability Status Scale were used in all patients. We have divided the patients with pain in two groups: patients with pain syndromes at onset and patients with pain syndromes during the course of MS disease. We found that 57% of all our MS patients complained of pain syndromes at some time during the MS course, while 21% reported pain as a symptom at onset of MS. The majority of patients suffered from chronic pain (constant or intermittent pain lasting more than one month). The most frequent chronic syndromes were dysesthetic extremity pain, painful spasms and tonic seizures. We did not find a significant differences with respect to age, sex, disease duration, physical impairment, depressive symptoms between the patients of pain-free group and of pain groups. There was a significant difference in mean disease duration from diagnosis in patients reporting pain at onset of the disease. In conclusion, the pain in MS is not a rare symptom; the role of physiopathological mechanism underlying pain syndromes arise unclear.
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PMID:Chronic and acute pain syndromes in patients with multiple sclerosis. 799 68

Despite the development of molecular and cellular methods for examining physiological processes, the use of the whole animal model remains essential to advance knowledge regarding the integration and coordination of events associated with urinary tract function. The rat offers an inexpensive and versatile species to investigate bladder and urethral responses to drugs or pathology. Models for many disorders have been developed in rodents including diabetes, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, Parkinson's disease, bladder outlet obstruction, pain, and aging. This review examines methodologies to evaluate lower urinary tract function and manipulations used to create pathological models in rodents.
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PMID:Rat: overview and innervation. 803 63

Paroxysmal attacks of itching constitute a rare sensory symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is generally thought that paroxysmal itching, a form of subthreshold pain sensation, is caused by transversely spreading ephaptic activation (i.e., activation via an artificial synapse) of axons within a partially demyelinated lesion in fiber tracts in the CNS, most commonly in the spinal cord. In MS, attacks of paroxysmal itching have been reported to occur either as the initial symptom of the disease or at the onset of an acute relapse. I present two female MS patients aged 36 and 40 years in whom paroxysmal itching was a prominent sensory symptom which occurred at the onset of treatment with external picoTesla range magnetic fields (MF) and coincident with the process of neurologic recovery. This report suggests that picoTesla range MF may cause activation of neuronal transmission along partially demyelinated axons of pain conduction in the spinal cord. The occurrence of rapid neurologic recovery with initiation of treatment with MF supports the notion that impaired synaptic conductivity rather than demyelination underlies some of the neurologic deficits of MS.
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PMID:Paroxysmal itching in multiple sclerosis during treatment with external magnetic fields. 805 Aug 52

We present the principal differential characteristics of neuralgia of symptomatic and idiopathic trigeminus. Out of 39 consecutive patients with neuralgia of trigeminus evaluated clinically and with neuroimage study, we find recognizable pathology in 10 (3 arterio-venous malformations, 1 dolichoestasia of basilar artery, 3 tumors, 3 multiple sclerosis). Symptomatic neuralgia occurs in patients with lower average age and is accompanied by atypical symptoms or abnormal neurological signs and is no different from idiopathy as a response to pain from medical treatment. Painful affectation of the trigeminus requires the realization of complementary explorations aiming to dismiss associated neurological pathology.
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PMID:[Essential and symptomatic trigeminal neuralgia]. 805 31

A 55 year old woman with multiple sclerosis presented with a 5 week history of an exacerbation of symptoms. Prominent among these symptoms was trigeminal neuralgia, migraine headaches, blurring of vision, and ataxia of gait. While treatment with carbamazepine (TegretolR) (800 mg/d) and oral prednisolone (15 mg/d) over a 4 week period produced no improvement in symptoms, externally applied magnetic fields (MF) (7.5 picoTesla; 5 Hz) placed over the scalp for a 7 minute period on three different days resulted in a complete resolution of symptoms within two weeks of initiation of treatment. Partial relief of the neuralgic pain and headaches was obtained immediately after completion of the first treatment indicating that resolution of symptoms was related to the effects of MF and not to a spontaneous remission. This is the first report demonstrating the clinical efficacy of pico Tesla range MF in rapidly resolving an acute relapse of MS.
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PMID:Successful treatment of an acute exacerbation of multiple sclerosis by external magnetic fields. 808 29

Percutaneous retrogasserian glycerol rhizotomy (PRGR) was used during an 11-year interval in 53 patients with typical trigeminal neuralgia associated with multiple sclerosis. All patients had failed extensive medical trials prior to PRGR. Long-term (median follow-up, 36 months) complete pain relief (no further medication) was achieved in 29 (59%) of 49 evaluable patients. Eight patients (16%) had satisfactory pain control but required occasional medication. Twelve patients (25%) had initial unsatisfactory results with inadequate pain relief; nine underwent alternative surgical procedures. Sixteen patients (30%) subsequently required repeat glycerol rhizotomies to reachieve pain control. Twenty-seven patients (60% of 45 patients evaluated for this finding) retained normal trigeminal sensation after injection. Major trigeminal sensory loss developed in a single patient who had four glycerol rhizotomies over a 25-month interval. No patient developed deafferentation pain. We believe that PRGR is a low-morbidity, effective, and repeatable surgical procedure for the management of trigeminal neuralgia in the setting of multiple sclerosis.
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PMID:Long-term results after glycerol rhizotomy for multiple sclerosis-related trigeminal neuralgia. 808 40


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