Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study describes the effect of fibre supplementation on the gastrointestinal symptoms and general wellbeing of patients with constipated irritable bowel syndrome. In a single centre, double blind, placebo controlled trial of 3 months duration, a daily supplement of 4.1 g fibre produced no greater change in gastrointestinal symptoms than placebo. Pretreatment constipation was related to baseline fibre intake. Overall outcome was the same in treated and control groups; a considerable placebo response was evident. This level of fibre supplementation is not a useful treatment; improving neither constipation nor other symptoms. At the outset pain severity correlated with depression score on psychometric testing. Those who felt better at the end of the study scored significantly lower for depression at outset than those who felt no better. In irritable bowel syndrome a depressive emotional state profile is a powerful determinant of outcome, shaping the response to treatment, which includes a considerable placebo element.
 ...
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: assessment of psychological disturbance and its influence on the response to fibre supplementation. 131 75

Recent advances in the investigation of brain-gut interaction in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were reviewed. Brain is suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of IBS on the basis of the following evidence. (1) Stress often induces major symptoms of IBS patients (Drossman et al., 1982), simultaneously with colonic hypermotility (Fukudo et al., 1987) or dysmotility of the small intestine (Kumar et al., 1985). (2) IBS patients rarely express symptoms or small intestinal dysmotility during sleep (Kellow et al., 1990). (3) IBS patients complain of more pain with balloon distension of the colon or rectum than normal controls; visceral perception is enhanced in IBS (Whitehead et al., 1990). (4) IBS patients often show psychoneurotic symptoms and extra-colonic somatic symptoms (Young et al., 1976). (5) There are some animal (Williams et al, 1987) or human (Dinan et al, 1990) experiments which indicate the possible involvement of brain peptide or brain monoamine in IBS. (6) Dysrhythmia or increased beta power in electroencephalogram is observed more often in IBS patients than in the normal controls (Fukudo et al, 1991) in addition to abnormal REM sleep in IBS patients (Kumar et al., 1992). These observations support our hypothesis that not only the gut but also the brain show dysfunction and exaggerated responsivity to the stimuli in IBS. Further research on brain-gut interaction in IBS is warranted.
 ...
PMID:[Brain-gut interactions in irritable bowel syndrome: physiological and psychological aspect]. 133 64

In the treatment of IBS best results could be obtained by implementing a comprehensive program for the patients. This might include a through examination, an explanation of the condition to the patients, psychologic managements, and correction of any bad habits, as well as drug therapy. The aim of drug therapy of IBS is the relief of the symptoms: such as abdominal pain, disturbed bowel function, anxiety or depression. As there is no drug which is effective in relieving the entire range of symptoms, drug should be chosen according to specific symptoms. Tranquilizers and antispasmodics may be the most commonly used drugs, however their efficacy is limited. To postprandial pain antispasmodics or trimebutine are most effective when prescribed before meal. Antidepressant are beneficial for the depressive state. Bulking agents are preferable mainly in relieving constipation, and loperamide is effective in treating diarrhea.
 ...
PMID:[Pharmaceutical treatment of irritable bowel syndrome]. 136 24

Octylonium bromide (OB) is a drug with spasmolytic properties acting selectively on the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract by interfering with calcium mobilization from extra- and intra-cellular deposits. The etiopathogenetic implications of a psychosomatic nature of the irritable bowel syndrome amply justify the use of a spasmolytic (OB) with a benzodiazepine. In our study, we compared the combination OB + DZ (20 mg + 2 mg) T.I.D. versus OB alone (20 mg) in 30 patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The double-blind study lasting 3 weeks was aimed at evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms (bowel motions, aspect of faeces, abdominal pain, pre-evacuation pain, bloating) during the three days preceding the study and during the last five days of treatment, as well as the anxiogenic situation as assessed by the STAI scale (State Tract Anxiety Inventory) before and at the end of the treatment period. The results obtained showed that both treatments considerably reduced gastrointestinal symptoms even though OB alone did not appear to be equally effective and the anxiety component was significantly reduced only by treatment with the combination. The absence of side effects and the perfect tolerability of both treatments showed the OB + D combination T.I.D. to be the treatment of choice for patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome.
 ...
PMID:[Otilonium bromide-diazepam in the treatment of the irritable colon. A controlled study versus otilonium bromide]. 139 55

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder estimated to affect up to 20% of adult Caucasians, with only a small percentage requiring investigation. This prospective study was performed to substantiate the impression that patients with IBS experience more pain during endoscopic examination of the colon than do patients with other conditions. Patients with IBS were observed to experience significantly more pain during colonoscopy than did patients without IBS (median observed pain scores 46 and 9, respectively), p < 0.001. The intensity of the pain perceived during examination was significantly higher for patients with IBS than for those without IBS (median 52.5 and 23.5, respectively), p < 0.001. Within the groups, there was no significant difference between flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy in observed or perceived pain. 64% of the patients with IBS said that the pain experienced at colonoscopy was identical to their presenting pain. This study supports the hypothesis of a lower colonic pain threshold with colonic hyperalgesia in patients with IBS. We have found that hypersensitivity to the endoscopic examination of the colon is a useful clinical adjunct in the diagnosis of the IBS in those selected to undergo colonoscopy.
 ...
PMID:Irritable bowel syndrome: can the patient's response to colonoscopy help with diagnosis? 145 55

We investigated the effect of octylonium bromide on a number of symptoms and functional aspects of the irritable bowel syndrome. Seventy-two patients complaining mainly of abdominal pain were studied in a double-blind trial (octylonium bromide 40 mg tid for 4 weeks or placebo). Clinical parameters were: abdominal pain, bloating and bowel frequency. Sigmoid manometry with simultaneous recording of the thresholds for distension and/or pain upon graded inflation of an endoluminal balloon was performed before and at the end of treatment. In contrast to placebo, octylonium bromide significantly reduced pain and bloating, and significantly increased (p < 0.02) the pain threshold throughout the treatment period. However, comparison with the placebo group failed to show any relevant differences. Neither treatment influenced the frequency of bowel movement. Sigmoid motility during distension was significantly reduced after octylonium bromide (p < 0.05), but it did not change after placebo. In conclusion, octylonium bromide is capable of reducing symptoms and motor reactivity of the sigmoid in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Octylonium bromide in the treatment of the irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical-functional study. 145 16

Pain is a frequent presenting symptom of spinal cord tumors in children and usually manifests as local spinal pain in the bony segments overlying the tumor. Two pediatric patients are presented in whom the diagnosis of intramedullary spinal cord tumors was delayed for many months because their pain was atypical. One had recurrent abdominal pain diagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome. The other had very abrupt paroxysmal but infrequent attacks of arm pain and no neurologic abnormalities. Possible mechanisms of their pain, as well as the other features that might have suggested the diagnosis, are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Atypical presentations of spinal cord tumors in children. 146 42

This study compared the characteristics of patients with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome who had either consulted or not consulted a general practitioner in the preceding two years. The subjects were identified by questionnaire in a community survey of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms and samples of 24 consulting and 24 non-consulting patients were interviewed. The groups were well matched for demographic characteristics, although those who consulted for irritable bowel syndrome also consulted more frequently for other problems. The only significant differences in the pattern, frequency and severity of a range of symptoms, which included the Manning criteria, were that more of the consulting patients experienced visible abdominal distension and had a higher mean score for severity of pain than the non-consulters. Mean negative life event scores and anxiety and depression scores were higher in the group who consulted and more of these patients were concerned about the possible serious nature of their symptoms, including fear of cancer, emphasizing the importance of eliciting patients' beliefs and anxieties about the meaning of their symptoms.
 ...
PMID:Reasons for consultation in irritable bowel syndrome: symptoms and patient characteristics. 147 91

The prevalence of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms and the irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the elderly, and their impact on health, is largely unknown. The prevalence of symptoms compatible with IBS was estimated in a representative sample of elderly community residents, and the impact of these symptoms was determined on presentation for health care. An age- and sex-stratified random sample of noninstitutionalized Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents aged 65-93 years were mailed a valid questionnaire; 77% responded (n = 328). The age- and sex-adjusted prevalence (per 100 persons) of frequent abdominal pain was 24.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), 19.3-29.2]. Chronic constipation and chronic diarrhea had prevalences of 24.1 (95% CI, 19.1-29.0) and 14.2 (95% CI, 10.1-18.2), respectively. Fecal incontinence more than once a week was reported in 3.7 per 100 (95% CI, 1.6-5.9). The prevalence of symptoms compatible with IBS (greater than or equal to 3 Manning criteria with frequent abdominal pain) was 10.9 per 100 (95% CI, 7.2-14.6). Among the subjects sampled who had abdominal pain, chronic constipation, and/or chronic diarrhea (n = 152), only 23% had seen a physician for pain or disturbed defecation in the prior year, and this behavior was poorly explained by the symptoms. It is concluded that complaints consistent with functional gastrointestinal disorders are common in the elderly, but symptoms are a poor predictor of presentation for medical care.
 ...
PMID:Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the elderly: a population-based study. 153 25

Fifty Japanese patients were diagnosed as having fibromyalgia. This group was compared with 50 Japanese control patients and 293 North American patients with fibromyalgia. In comparison of pain complaints and symptoms for fibromyalgia in Japanese and North Americans, ["pain all over" (98%), fatigue (98%), anxiety (66%), irritable bowel syndrome (50%) and sicca symptoms (71%)] were more frequently found in the Japanese patients. However, the major components of fibromyalgia were not wholly different in Japanese individuals compared with North Americans.
 ...
PMID:Fibromyalgia in Japanese. 155 71


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>