Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The compartment syndrome is in fact secondary to intracompartmental hypertension which creates ischemia of the muscles, nerves, vessels, and anterior tibial and peroneal arteries in the leg. Described in the 19th century, the clinical picture is better known when progressing either in the acute form or in the chronic form. Diagnosis depends basically on the measurement of intramuscular pressure; treatment, at least initially, apart from subcutaneous aponeurotic decompression, also calls for hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The latter is particularly indicated in those cases bordering on surgical and medical treatment, for preventing deterioration and improving muscular possibilities in the post-surgical period. At the present time, the physiopathology of the condition is still poorly understood. The whiplash syndrome was well described by Martorelli and is due to rupture of the muscular veins of the calf. The clinical picture is often ambiguous and can suggest underlying phlebitis. The triad of symptoms --pain, disability and ecchymosis-- generally enables a diagnosis to be made, with treatment consisting primarily of immobilization. As for Bywaters' syndrome (crush syndrome), it is still very topical. The original description of the clinical picture by Bywaters during the bombardment of London in 1942 has been replaced by the picture resulting from large scale accidents that are part of modern society. The picture is still highly dramatic and if untreated progresses to acute renal insufficiency. Treatment has certainly changed and hyperbaric therapy (administered at two or three atmospheres) is a valid adjuvant to basic treatment and modifies the progress of the phenomenon with entirely satisfactory results.
 ...
PMID:[The compartment syndrome]. 277 54

Tennis leg, strain of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle, may follow a trivial trauma in athletic and nonathletic activities. Complete or partial tears of the musculotendinous unit may result in a hematoma. Clinical manifestations of gastrocnemius hematoma in a 64-year-old man with local swelling, pain and tenderness that was aggravated by passive dorsiflexion of the ankle joint, mimicked deep vein thrombosis. Failure to appreciate the precedent trivial trauma and the localized swelling and ecchymosis led to delayed diagnosis and inappropriate heparinization. The definite diagnosis was established by CT scan which revealed a local soft tissue mass within the gastrocnemius consistent with a hematoma. A compartment syndrome developed the day after heparinization and was adequately treated by discontinuation of heparin, aspiration and rest. Differentiation between tennis leg and deep vein thrombosis is of paramount importance, since the etiology, treatment and prognosis of these two clinical entities are quite different. Venography is recommended as specifically diagnostic for deep vein thrombosis while CT scan for gastrocnemius hematoma.
 ...
PMID:Medial gastrocnemius hematoma mimicking deep vein thrombosis: report of a case. 279 64

Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) was diagnosed in a 23-year-old man presenting characteristic symptoms, skin changes, blood eosinophilia and typical histology showing thickened deep dermal fascia with inflammatory cells. After one year of corticosteroid treatment he experienced increasing pain in both legs and fluctuating serum creatinine kinase levels. Direct measurement showed elevated resting intracompartment pressure and both static strain and dynamic exercise provoked the typical pain. At operation all 4 compartments of both legs were decompressed and he recovered uneventfully. The compartment syndrome may be a hitherto unknown, but expected complication of severe EF.
 ...
PMID:Compartment syndrome as a late complication of eosinophilic fasciitis. 281 Feb 63

Chronic compartment syndrome typically affects young people who are engaged in endurance sports. The primary clinical feature is a sensation of tightness or aching pain in a defined compartment of the affected limb, starting during activity or hours after activity ceases and lasting for varying lengths of time. The diagnosis is based on the history and on measurement of compartmental pressures. Fasciotomy or partial fasciectomy is the definitive treatment.
 ...
PMID:Chronic compartment syndrome. 291 97

Intramuscular pressure in the erector spinae muscle was measured during exercise with the microcapillary infusion method in 12 highly selected patients with recurrent low-back pain. The criteria for selection were low-back pain induced only by exercise, relief of symptoms at rest, and no neurologic deficits in the lower extremities. During a 4-year period, 12 patients fulfilled these criteria. One patient had a unilateral chronic compartment syndrome. Fasciotomy of the erector spinae muscle normalized the intramuscular pressure during exercise and at rest after exercise, and relieved the pain. All the other patients with chronic low-back pain had normal intramuscular pressure findings. Chronic compartment syndrome in the erector spinae muscle seems to be an extremely uncommon cause of exercise-induced low-back pain.
 ...
PMID:Chronic compartment syndrome in the erector spinae muscle. 296 Oct 82

Compartment syndrome must be included in the differential diagnosis in any patient who complains of pain or neuromuscular deficit in an extremity. The etiology, differential diagnosis, clinical features, and treatment of compartment syndrome are reviewed to assist in proper diagnosis and management. Although the exact etiology in this case will never be ascertained, delay in diagnosis and treatment resulted in a neuromuscular deficit. It is therefore imperative that proper patient positioning during the perioperative period be closely monitored to avoid this complication.
 ...
PMID:Compartment syndrome following oral and maxillofacial surgery. 316 24

Increased pressure within an osteofascial compartment may produce a compartment syndrome, one of the principal causes of circulatory compromise in acute traumatic and chronic exercise-induced elevated compartment pressure. Acute and chronic diagnostic quantitation of compartment pressures are a valuable adjunct to clinical diagnosis, particularly when used to evaluate the athlete with exercise-induced pain. This study evaluated a prototype hand-held, digital, fluid pressure monitor used for the measurement of compartment pressure in the exercising athlete. A laboratory water and mercury manometer study, in which 50 paired, single-blind measurements were taken, revealed that the digital monitor was accurate to +/- 0.8 mm Hg (SD) of actual pressure with no individual reading more than 1 mm Hg from the actual pressure when compared directly with a mercury and a water column. Laboratory study of bovine muscle placed within a pressure chamber revealed that the digital monitor, when assembled in the same manner as used for clinical measurement, was accurate to +/- 0.9 mm Hg. The needle manometer technique was also found to be accurate to +/- 3 mm Hg from actual pressure. Twenty-one paired measurements of the anterolateral and posterior compartments of the hindlimbs of eight anesthetized New Zealand White rabbits by both the needle manometer and digital monitor methods by two examiners demonstrated the digital monitor to be reproducible to +/- 1.0 mm Hg [Coefficient of variation (CV) less than 7%] and needle manometer method to +/- 3.4 mm Hg (CV less than 16%) with r = 0.94.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Chronic exercise-induced compartment pressure elevation measured with a miniaturized fluid pressure monitor. A laboratory and clinical study. 323 18

Posttraumatic sciatic nerve palsy associated with severe pain, swelling in the gluteal region, elevated tissue pressures, and diffuse edema of the gluteal musculature documented by computed tomography (CT) occurred in a 22-year-old man. Diffuse muscle swelling was observed intraoperatively, and sciatic nerve function returned within days following surgical decompression. This case represents an acute gluteal compartment syndrome, and this entity should be included in the differential diagnosis of posttraumatic sciatic nerve palsy.
 ...
PMID:Posttraumatic gluteal compartment syndrome. A case report. 337 Aug 67

Ninety-eight patients with chronic exercise-induced pain in the anterior compartment of the lower leg underwent extensive clinical and laboratory investigations to establish the diagnosis. They all were referred because of a putative chronic compartment syndrome (CCS). Intramuscular pressure was recorded bilaterally during exercise in the anterior tibial muscle in all of them. Conduction-velocity recordings of the deep and superficial peroneal nerves were performed in 29 patients. Other investigations included radiography, plethysmography, and scintigraphy. CCS was diagnosed in 26 of the 98 patients. Other diagnoses included periostitis in 41 patients, compression of the superficial peroneal nerve in 13, and miscellaneous other diagnoses in 18. CCS seems to be an uncommon reason for anterior pain in the lower legs.
 ...
PMID:Diagnosis of exercise-induced pain in the anterior aspect of the lower leg. 337 1

We report the unusual case of a compartment syndrome of the foot that developed after a calcaneal fracture in a 68-year-old man. The diagnosis was suspected clinically because of pain in excess of his injury and was confirmed with direct tissue pressure measurements. Surgical decompression of all the compartments was required with evacuation of a plantar hematoma.
 ...
PMID:Calcaneal fracture with compartment syndrome of the foot. 339 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>