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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To a cancer patient, pain is a very distressing symptom and to the physician it heralds advanced nature of the disease. While the mechanisms of initiation of pain are simple, its perception is very complex. In cancer, the tumor growth which results in producing pressure, destruction of tissue, and obstruction is the main cause of pain production. Ionizing radiation, which checks tumor growth and shrinks the tumor most of the time, plays a major role in relieving pain in a cancer patient.
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PMID:Role of radiotherapy in management of cancer pain. 43 60

Cancer is a very common group of diseases. There are 700,000 cases of the disease reported each year, and about 350,000 persons die of these diseases. There is extensive literature and documentation relative to alcohol as a probable factor in the development of head, neck, and esophageal cancers among others. However, there is little in the literature relative to the interrelationship of alcohol and cancer in the area of cancer treatment. Dignity of the dying patient and his family is maintained, and home care is a vital component. While alcohol use is not generally written about, it is used as desired by the patient. A "Brompton's-type cocktail," a mixture of morphine, cocaine, and alcohol, forms a basis of pain control in English and many United States' hospices. One purpose in today's conference is to look at another lifestyle factor, alcohol, to determine its role alone or in conjunction with other factors in the causation of cancer. Are there high risk groups which need attention in alcohol cancer prevention programs?
Cancer Res 1979 Jul
PMID:Cancer overview. 44 87

A retrospective analysis of the results of treatment of advanced rectal cancer of the pelvis with regional intraarterial infusion of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is reported. A special technic for positioning the catheters selectively in the internal iliac arteries justifies this analysis. Four patients with primary inextirpable rectal cancer and 10 patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer have been treated. No immediate mortality was noted. Relief of pain was noted in two-thirds of the patients. An objective tumor response was noted in three patients with locally recurrent disease. In one patient with primary inoperable cancer it was possible to extirpate the tumor after infusion therapy. An improvement in quality of life during the first 2 months after therapy was achieved in half of the patients as judged by their performance. Complications were not serious. Hematomas with infection were seen in one patient, two patients had septicemia, and three patients had transient oliguria. Transient thrombocytopenia was reported in two patients. The results indicate that infusion therapy produces a reasonable response such as palliation of pain. Only minor complications were seen and easily controlled. The advantages of infusion therapy are that it can be given in a reasonable time with only a short hospital stay.
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PMID:Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil) in patients with inextirpable or locally recurrent rectal cancer. 45 69

The pathologic diagnosis of 282 consecutive breast lesions seen in 255 black patients over a 3-year period (January 1975-December 1977) at Harlem Hospital Center were reviewed and analyzed. The most common lesion was fibroadenoma, accounting for 34.7% of all lesions and 48% of benign breast lesions, followed by carcinoma (28%) and fibrocystic disease (17%). Other major benign breast lesions in order of frequency were intraductal papilloma, sclerosing adenosis, chronic mastitis, and fat necrosis. One each of the following rare lesions was observed: papillomatosis, ducatal ectasia, cystosarcoma phylloides, and granular cell tumor. Multiple lesions were found in 1 or both breasts in 15% of all benign breast disease cases, with fibroadenoma being the most common lesion. 94% of the patients presented with a breast mass, 5% with nipple discharge, 5% with pain, and 2% with a history of trauma to the breast. The lesions varied in size from 0.5-10 cm, and had been present for a few days to 20 years before medical treatment was sought. The upper quadrant of the breast was the most common site for lesions. Peak age incidence for all benign breast lesions was 20-35 years; for fibroadenoma, peak age incidence was 16-25 years and for fibrocystic disease, 40-50 years. The surgical literature shows that in a predominantly white population, peak age of incidence for benign lesions is 30-49 years; this disparity in age distribution may be due to the high percentage of adolescent patients with fibroadenoma in the Harlem Hospital series. Median age of patients with breast carcinoma in this series is 61 years. 24 patients (13.7%) with benign breast disease had taken oral contraceptives before the breast biopsies were performed. However, the study population is to small and follow-up time to short to draw any conclusion regarding the relation of oral contraceptive use to the subsequent development of breast cancer. This study shows that compared to the white population, fibroadenoma is more frequent than cancer in black women while cancer is more frequent than fibroadenoma in white women.
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PMID:Analysis of benign breast lesions in blacks. 45 72

In presenting five new cases of renal adenomas the authors describe the general nature of these rare tumours. If the small adenoma corresponding to microscopic forms is frequent, the large adenoma is rare and always solitary. Haematuria and pain are the most common signs. The classic criterion of non-malignancy in a solid tumour measuring less than 3 cm has no diagnostic value. From a review of the lieterature on the subject, the authors demonstrate the angio-architecture corresponding to the different types of adenoma: the tubular adenoma which is hypervascularised and well circumscribed; the papillary adenoma, often cortical, hypovascular or avascular with bordering arcade; the alveolar adenoma; the mixed forms. They stress the difficulty of radiological diagnosis and the frequency of transitional forms with cancer. The place of angiography is in the pre-operative diagnostic assessment and in defining localised anomalies in angio-architecture which can guide histological examination in the search for neoplastic foci.
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PMID:Renal adenomas. 45 10

One year's experience is reported in the treatment of terminally ill cancer patients with an oral solution of morphine and cocaine on a fixed schedule. 36 consecutive patients were treated for an average of 51 days. Excellent or good pain relief was achieved with 26 patients (72%). The initial mean daily dose of morphine was 35 mg. After 12 weeks, the dose had to be raised to an average of 52 mg per day. Some patients received up to 180 mg morphine per day. Side effects were not uncommon but were without clinical consequences in most patients. Side effects caused discontinuation of treatment in only 2 patients. Terminally ill cancer patients often derive great benefit from this treatment.
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PMID:[Experiences with an oral cocaine-morphine solution (Brompton mixture) in the treatment of severe pain in patients with neoplasms]. 47 5

A cluster of three cases of staphylococcal septic endarteritis originating from percutaneously inserted brachial artery catheters for regional cancer chemotherapy prompted an epidemiologic and clinical study of bacteremic infections associated with this therapeutic modality. Nine cases were identified over a 3 1/2-year period (1.6% of all catheterizations), all caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The cluster followed discontinuation of hexachlorophene for scrub of the extremity prior to cannulation; phage-typing suggested the three cases were caused by the patients' own strains of Staphylococcus. These infections produced a distinctive clinical syndrome which facilitates implicating the catheter in the genesis of fever occurring in a patient receiving intra-arterial chemotherapy: early localized pain (89%) and hemorrhage (78%), and Osler's nodes distally (44%), later followed by local inflammation (78%), purulence (56%) and signs of systemic sepsis (100%) (each factor, p less than or equal to .005). Duration of cannulation did not influence susceptibility to infection. However, difficult cannulations or need for repositioning the catheter (p = .0096), prior radiation therapy (p = .033), leukopenia (p less than .05) and hypoalbuminemia (p less than .05) were all associated with septicemia. In the 25 months since implementation of specific control measures, there have been no further catheter-related septicemia in 310 catheterization (p less than .001). Guide-lines for prevention and management of these infections are provided.
Cancer 1979 Oct
PMID:Septic endarteritis due to intra-arterial catheters for cancer chemotherapy. I. Evaluation of an outbreak. II. Risk factors, clinical features and management, III. Guidelines for prevention. 49 11

Nine patients with intracerebral metastasis from lung carcinoma were treated with intracarotid and intravertebral artery infusion of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU). Four of these patients considered definite responders showed unequivocal clinical improvement and definite decreases in the size of tumors evaluated by neurologic examination, computerized tomographic (CT) scan and radionuclide brain scan (RBS). One patient's clinical condition stabilized with doubtful improvement of diagnostic tests (probable responder). The remaining four patients had further unfavorable progression of the clinical and scan findings and were clearly nonresponders. Complications were transient and included: local pain in the eye, orbit, and occipital-nuchal area during infusion in 7 patients, focal seizure in 3 patients, mild confusion with disorientation in 2 patients, and nausea in 2 patients. Our findings suggest that intra-arterial BCNU therapy may be effective and may be used as an adjuvant to surgery and/or radiotherapy for the treatment of metastatic brain tumor from lung carcinoma.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Intra-arterial BCNU therapy in the treatment of metastatic brain tumor from lung carcinoma: a preliminary report. 50 86

The diagnostic value of bone pain in 227 consecutive patients with known primary tumor was investigated and bone scans were obtained. Eighty-two of 130 patients with bone pain had metastases with positive scans. In contrast, 80 of 97 patients without pain did not have metastases and the scans were negative; 13, however, did have metastases and positive scans, and in 10 of these the lesions were osteoblastic. Osteoblastic metastases may not produce pain. In a group of 70 patients with bone pain of unknown origin or elevated phosphatase levels, bone scans were also obtained and evaluated. Only one had metastatic disease, 40 were negative, and 29 had positive scans due to benign disease. It is concluded that in the assessment of malignancies, bone pain is a good indication for bone scintigraphy, except in those patients with osteoblastic lesions. However, when malignant disease has not yet been established, bone pain is not a reliable indication for scanning and radiographic examination is the initial examination of choice.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:The influence of bone pain on the results of bone scans. 50 88

Ninety females underwent mastectomy for breast cancer and were thereafter investigated to determine whether nerve entrapments were responsible for some of the disabling symptoms in their arms. The majority of these patients suffered from fullness (edema), numbness, paraesthesia, weakness and pain of the arm on the mastecotmized side. Lymphedema of varying degrees found in 50% of these patients was associated with brachial plexus entrapment and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). 28% of the patients has CTS, and 28% suffered from brachial plexus entrapment of the arm on the mastecotmized side, as compared with 8% and 5%, respectively, on the nonoperated side. 12% of the patients suffered from both types of entrapment. Thus we consider that brachial plexus entrapment and carpal tunnel syndrome should be added to the list of complications following mastectomy, with lymphedema playing an active part in their development.
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Nerve entrapments associated with postmastectomy lymphedema. 50 95


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