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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The signs shown by 96 dogs recovering at home after day-case soft tissue operations were assessed by their owners for three days. On the day of the operation there were behavioural changes in all the animals, but by two days after the operation changes in behaviour were detected in only 85 per cent of them. The most common changes were in the dogs' demeanour and their way of moving; there were decreases in overall activity and playfulness, and increases in contact seeking. The dogs also showed signs of pain: the highest ratings were observed on the day of the operation, when the median value on a visual analogue scale from 0 to 100 mm was 43 mm, with a range from 0 to 95 mm. The type of operation significantly affected the signs observed.
Vet Rec 2004 Dec 04
PMID:Postoperative signs in 96 dogs undergoing soft tissue surgery. 1562 85

Twenty adult dogs weighing between 1.4 and 53.5 kg and aged between six months and nine years were anaesthetised and the brachial plexus was localised with the aid of a nerve stimulator. In 10 of the dogs a brachial plexus block was induced with a mixture of lidocaine and bupivacaine and the other 10 each received 0.25 ml/kg saline as a control. The end-tidal isoflurane concentration was maintained between 1.3 and 1.4 per cent during surgery for carpal arthrodesis or a fracture of the radius or ulna. Acute heart rate or blood pressure increases of 20 per cent or more were treated with 1 microg/kg fentanyl intravenously. Postoperatively, signs of pain were scored by a single blinded observer at hourly intervals until eight hours after the block had been induced, on a scale from 0 to 18. Dogs with pain scores above 5 received 0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg methadone intravenously, repeated as necessary. During surgery the control dogs received significantly more fentanyl (median 0.05 microg/kg/minute, range 0.02 to 0.20 microg/kg/minute) than the group given local anaesthetic (median 0 microg/kg/minute, range 0 to 0.02 microg/kg/minute). Postoperatively, the control group required significantly more methadone (median 0.2 mg/kg, range 0.1 to 1 mg/kg) than the treated group (median 0 mg/kg, range 0 to 0.13 mg/kg).
Vet Rec 2005 May 14
PMID:Evaluation of the analgesic effect of lidocaine and bupivacaine used to provide a brachial plexus block for forelimb surgery in 10 dogs. 1589 29

The records of 15 horses with pemphigus foliaceus diagnosed on the basis of their history, clinical signs, histopathology and the exclusion of differential diagnoses were evaluated with respect to the age of onset, the clinical signs and the diagnostic tests used. There was no apparent breed predisposition. The horses' mean age was nine years, with a range from three months to 25.5 years, three were foals up to six months old and eight were nine years old or older. The most frequent lesions were scaling in 11, crusting in 10 and alopecia in 10, and they appeared most commonly on the face, neck and trunk, in 10 horses for each of these sites. The extremities were involved in nine of the horses, pruritus occurred in seven, and four of the horses had pustules. The clinical signs mostly corresponded with those described in previous reports, but signs of pain were not a prominent feature. Acantholytic cells were identified cytologically in four of six of the horses.
Vet Rec 2005 Oct 22
PMID:Review of 15 cases of pemphigus foliaceus in horses and a survey of the literature. 1624 32

Twenty entire female cats were randomly assigned to two groups of 10; the cats in one group underwent ovariohysterectomy by a midline approach and the cats in the other group by a flank approach. Cats were assessed for signs of pain and scores were assigned pre- and postoperatively. There was a tendency for the cats neutered by a flank approach to be in more pain postoperatively (P=0.05). The final pain score for cats in either group was equal to or lower than their baseline score.
Vet Rec 2006 May 13
PMID:Prospective evaluation of postoperative pain in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy by a midline or flank approach. 1669 35

Seventy-eight dogs with pain due to hip dysplasia were studied in a controlled, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate gold bead implantation as a pain-relieving treatment. The dogs were randomly assigned to two groups, 36 in the gold implantation group and 42 in the placebo group. Both groups were treated equally regarding anaesthesia, hair clipping and penetration of the skin with the same type of needle. The gold implantation group had small pieces of 24 carat gold inserted through needles at five different acupuncture points and the placebo group had the skin penetrated at five non-acupuncture points so as to avoid any possible effect of stimulating the acupuncture points. A certified veterinary acupuncturist marked the points, and two surgeons performed the implantations according to a randomisation code made in advance. After 14 days, three months and six months, the owners assessed the overall effect of the treatments by answering a questionnaire, and the same veterinarian examined each dog and evaluated its degree of lameness by examining videotaped footage of it walking and trotting. The treatment was blinded for both the owners and the veterinarian. There were significantly greater improvements in mobility and greater reductions in the signs of pain in the dogs treated with gold implantation than in the placebo group. The veterinarian's and the owners' assessments corresponded well.
Vet Rec 2006 May 27
PMID:Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the pain-relieving effects of the implantation of gold beads into dogs with hip dysplasia. 1855 36

Multifocal haemorrhages associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection were observed in the central nervous system of four dogs with neurological signs including depression, seizures, spinal pain and paresis. In magnetic resonance images the majority of the lesions were isointense or slightly hyperintense in T1-weighted images, hyperintense in T2-weighted images and hypointense in T2*-weighted (gradient echo) images, compatible with haemorrhages more than seven days old. Lesions were found in the brain of three of the dogs and in the spinal cord of two. The cerebrospinal fluid contained high concentrations of protein and evidence of erythrophagia. All the dogs had coagulopathy and pulmonary haemorrhage of varying severity. A vasorum larvae were detected in the faeces of each of the dogs. Neural A vasorum was confirmed at postmortem examination in two dogs.
Vet Rec 2006 Jun 24
PMID:Brain and spinal cord haemorrhages associated with Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in four dogs. 1682 6

During an outbreak of avian influenza in the Netherlands in spring 2003, the disease was controlled by destroying all the poultry on the infected farms and on all the farms within a radius of 3 km. In total, 30 million birds were killed on 1242 farms and in more than 8000 hobby flocks, by using mobile containers filled with carbon dioxide, mobile electrocution lines and by gassing whole poultry houses with carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide. Observations of these methods were used to compare their effectiveness and capacity, and their effects on the welfare of the birds. Gassing whole poultry houses had a much greater capacity than mobile equipment, and catching live birds to bring them to a mobile killing device caused extra stress and could cause pain due to injuries inflicted when catching and handling them. Gassing whole poultry houses with carbon monoxide requires strict safety regulations and, therefore, gassing with carbon dioxide was considered preferable. However, this method is not suited to all types of housing, and in these circumstances mobile killing devices were a useful alternative.
Vet Rec 2006 Jul 08
PMID:Slaughter of poultry during the epidemic of avian influenza in the Netherlands in 2003. 1682 97

A double-blind, randomised, controlled, multicentre field study was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of firocoxib chewable tablets and carprofen tablets in 218 dogs with osteoarthritis. Firocoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with more than 350-fold selectivity in dogs for the inducible isoform of the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase-2. The efficacy, tolerance and ease of administration of firocoxib (5 mg/kg/day) and carprofen (4 mg/kg/day) were assessed by the owners and the attending veterinarians during 30 days of treatment. The efficacy was assessed in terms of the dogs' overall scores at the end of the treatment, based on the veterinarians' assessment of lameness, pain on manipulation/palpation, range of motion, and joint swelling; 92.5 per cent of the dogs treated with firocoxib and 92.4 per cent of the dogs treated with carprofen had improved. The reduction in lameness in the dogs treated with firocoxib was significantly greater than in the dogs treated with carprofen. The owners' evaluations were that 96.2 per cent of the dogs treated with firocoxib and 92.4 per cent of the dogs treated with carprofen had improved, and this difference was statistically significant.
Vet Rec 2006 Oct 21
PMID:Clinical evaluation of firocoxib and carprofen for the treatment of dogs with osteoarthritis. 1705 50

A questionnaire to examine the attitudes and perceptions of cattle practitioners to pain in cattle was sent to 2398 practitioners working in the UK, and 641 responses were received. From the range of procedures and conditions outlined in the questionnaire, claw amputation was scored as the most painful procedure undergone by adult cattle (assuming no analgesic drugs were administered), and neck calluses were scored as the least painful condition experienced by adult cattle. The pain associated with dystocia was considered the least painful experience for calves, and fracture of a distal limb and surgery for an umbilical hernia equally the most painful. There were significant differences between the pain scores assigned by men and women and by respondents who had graduated in different decades; female respondents and more recent graduates tended to give a higher pain score for most conditions. There were also significant differences between the pain scores assigned by respondents who routinely used analgesics and those who did not, the latter being more likely to assign significantly lower pain scores.
Vet Rec 2006 Nov 11
PMID:Current attitudes of cattle practitioners to pain and the use of analgesics in cattle. 2414 Nov 68

Twenty-eight dogs were randomly allocated into two groups. They were premedicated with either 10 or 20 microg/kg buprenorphine and 0.05 mg/kg acepromazine administered intramuscularly, and then anaesthetised with intravenous thiopentone to effect and maintained with isoflurane in 100 per cent oxygen. The dogs underwent routine castration, and a second dose of 10 microg/kg buprenorphine was administered four hours after the first or 20 microg/kg six hours after the first dose. Levels of pain and sedation were scored on a visual analogue scale and in terms of the dogs' requirement for rescue analgesia, and mechanical nociceptive thresholds were measured at the hock and wound at premedication and one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, 10 and 21 to 22 hours later. Pain scores were low in both groups, with a trend for lower scores in the high dose group; administration of the second dose of buprenorphine further decreased the pain scores. Buprenorphine produced good preoperative sedation and the level of sedation decreased over time after surgery. Administration of the second high dose of buprenorphine did not increase the level of sedation. Both doses of buprenorphine prevented hyperalgesia at the wound and hock postoperatively. Three dogs given the low dose and one dog given the high dose required rescue analgesia with carprofen.
Vet Rec 2006 Nov 18
PMID:Effects of two doses of buprenorphine four or six hours apart on nociceptive thresholds, pain and sedation in dogs after castration. 1711 81


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