Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0030193 (pain)
 261,466 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 41-year-old man developed intense itching without visible cutaneous changes, epigastric pressure pain, and a slight intolerance to alcohol. He was found to have persistent blood eosinophilia. The eosinophil granulocytes were of abnormal appearance in the light microscope: larger than normal, the nuclei were multilobulated (4-6 lobes), the cytoplasm contained atypical, large granules, ample glycogen, and up to 12 vacuoles. In the electron microscope too the eosinophil granules were entirely atypical, having an electron-dense matrix, often with a light central inclusion body which was inhomogeneous, having longitudinally oriented structures with a periodicity of about 10 nm. These findings are quite contrary to normal eosinophil granules. Enzymic studies of cytoplasmic enzymes from the granulocytes revealed a greatly reduced content of eosinophil cationic proteins, whereas 5 (7) other enzymes were present in a normal or slightly reduced quantity. The phagocytic capacity of the eosinophils against latex particles was normal. The patient developed generalized lymphomas, histologically very malignant, of the convoluted, acid phosphatase positive cell type (T-cell lymphoma). Sub-population studies of lymphocytes from a lymph node revealed 58% TE cells, while the remainder were B cells. At death, 3-1/2 years after the onset of symptoms, severe endomyocardial fibrosis was found. The thymus could not be identified. It is concluded that lymphomas should be described on the bais of clinical, histological, and histochemical criteria as well as studies of lymphocyte sub-populations and that the highly unusual eosinophil granulocytes still deserve particular attention. The endocardial fibrosis is assumed to have been due to substances liberated from the eosinophil cells.
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PMID:Unique eosinophil granules in a case of T-cell lymphoma. 89 57

Pain syndrome induced by daily peritoneal electrostimulation in rats within two weeks caused decrease in body weight and in motor behavior in open-field test. Moreover, there were a decrease in thymus weight, an increase in adrenal weight and an appearance in most of animals of gastric mucosal erosions. The disturbances of the behavior and somatic state of animals are accompanied by changes of GABA and energy metabolism in the neurons of the frontal cortex. These changes manifested themselves in activation of GABA degradation with simultaneous rise of the succinate--but not isocitrate dehydrogenase activity, inhibition of glutamate dehydrogenase activity and worsening of blood supply to neurons. Chronic (14 days) administration of GABA positive drugs (baclofen--7.5-12.5 mg/kg; depakin--200-400 mg/kg) increases resistance of animals to long-term exposure to pain, which correlates with the normalization of GABA and energy metabolism. Moreover, depakin but not baclofen prevents the development of the microcirculatory disturbances, which is indicated by the normalization of either the activity of sodium phosphatase or the quantity of active capillaries. It is suggested that activation of the inhibitory GABA-ergic mechanisms is a factor of both neuromediatory and metabolic adaptation to the pain.
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PMID:[Role of the GABA system in adaptation to long-term pain stimulation]. 130 7

Fractions of medium-weight molecular peptides (MWP) were isolated from blood of intact dogs and those with burns, which possessed the property of increasing the latency of the pain reaction in mice by 23-28% after intravenous infusion. The analgesic properties of MWP change essentially in the first 24 hours after the burn. The dose dependences of the antinociceptive effect of MWP have a marked non-linear character. The studied MWP fractions also prevent involution of the thymus induced by 9-hour immobilization stress. An MWP fraction was isolated from the blood of dogs 12 hours after a burn; its intravenous infusion led to reduction of the thymus equal to that caused by 9-hour immobilization. The relationship of adaptational and damaging effects of MWP in thermal burns in discussed.
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PMID:[The analgesic and anti-stress effects of middle-molecule peptides in a normal state and in thermal burns]. 192 17

E5090 is a novel orally active inhibitor of IL-1 generation without cyclooxygenase-inhibiting activity. The effects of E5090 on several inflammatory animal models were investigated in rats. In adjuvant arthritis, E5090 suppressed both the paw swelling and the enhancements of ESR and number of peripheral blood leucocytes, like the steroidal antiinflammatory drug prednisolone. However, the thymus was not withered by E5090 though it was by prednisolone. In type II collagen-induced arthritis, E5090 inhibited paw swelling and joint destruction. E5090 was effective in acute inflammatory models such as carrageenin-induced paw edema, and adjuvant-induced local hyperthermia, and also showed analgesic effects against inflammatory pain and antipyretic effects. The results suggest that this orally active inhibitor of IL-1 generation, E5090, may be a therapeutically useful antiinflammatory drug with a novel mechanism of action.
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PMID:Antiinflammatory properties of E5090, a novel orally active inhibitor of IL-1 generation. 206 90

The aim of the work was to study the effect of glucocorticoids, opiates and stressful stimuli on dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DP IV, EC 3.4.14.5) activity of T lymphocytes prepared from the thymus of intact and adrenalectomized rats. Four week old male rats of Wistar strain were used. The in vivo administration of ACTH, dexamethasone and morphine treatment resulted in an increase of DP IV activity in the cell suspension. In adrenalectomized rats ACTH treatment failed to modify the enzyme activity, however, pain or emotional stress resulted in an elevated DP IV activity. Morphine and D-Met2-Pro5-enkephalinamide resulted in a dose dependent activation of DP IV in T cells, an effect which could be modified by naloxone pretreatment. Our findings show that DP IV mechanisms in T cells are highly sensitive to exogenous and endogenous steroids, opiates and biologically active substances released in response to stress in rats.
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PMID:Changes of dipeptidyl peptidase (DP IV) activity in the T lymphocytes of rats following administration of ACTH, dexamethasone and opiates. 254 37

By means of methods of active and passive getting rid of electrical-pain irritation we showed that in mice MRL/1--the model of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)--as compared with CBA (control) the process of forming a developed habit engram (DHE) was slowed down and its keeping was impaired. Thymic peptides (thymalin--0.2 mlg/mice intraperitoneally) suppressed the process of forming DHE irrespective of mice line and improved the process of its consolidation and keeping especially in mice MRL/1. Memory impairment in mice with genetical predisposition to the development of autoimmune process (MRL/1) is considered from view of the authors' developed hypothesis about thymus as an organ of antisystem of immune control of homeostasis and RA as an adaptation disease.
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PMID:[Characteristics of memory in MRL/1 mice and the effect of thymic peptides]. 292 77

The chronic emotional pain stress resulting in a development of neurosis-like state in rats induced an increase of arterial pressure and change of the cardiac rate dynamics under the conditions of functional load. An increase of cardiac mass was also seen without change of masses of the thymus, adrenal glands and the spleen. The rise of activity of cytochromeoxidase and activation of peroxide lipide oxidation (by malonate dialdehyde level) were observed in the cerebral cortex and the hippocampus of neurotized rats. Injection of antioxidant F-801 before each emotional pain stress trial prevented vegetative disturbances, cardiac hypertrophy, and increase of oxidative activity in the brain. The role of peroxide lipide oxidation and that of the factor of hypoxia in development of disturbances caused by neurotization were discussed.
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PMID:[Possible role of hypoxia and lipid peroxidation in the development of a neurosis-like condition in the rat]. 299 87

Chronic emotional pain stress in rats causes disturbances of the cardiovascular system function (increase in arterial pressure and in heart rate), typical of neuroses-like state, and changes of the vegetative nervous system reactivity tested with functional load by two-hour hypokinesis. Increase in spleen weight is observed as well as a tendency to adrenals weight increase, a decrease of Na, K-ATPase activity and activation of lipid peroxidation in cortical and hippocampal homogenates. Administration of F-801 antioxidant according to therapeutic scheme after the end of stress action, restores normal function of the cardiovascular system, normal reactivity of the vegetative nervous system, decreases adrenals weight and increases the weight of thymus and also normalizes ATPase activity and the level of lipid peroxidation. A backward correlation dependence of the Na, K-ATPase activity on the level of malondialdehyde in the brain tissue has been established.
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PMID:[Therapeutic action of an antioxidant in chronic emotional-pain stress in the rat]. 375 4

The behavioural and physiological consequences of social status and reciprocal fighting in resident-intruder dyads of Long Evans male rats were evaluated. Before a chronic cohabitation of 10 days, residents and intruders were individually housed for one month to increase their aggressiveness. Control animals included isolates, i.e., animals kept individually housed throughout the experiment and pair-housed rats, i.e., pairs of rats housed together from their rats in the laboratory. In 19 out of 20 dyads, a clear dominance relationship developed with an advantage to the resident in 68% of the cases. Dominants showed more exploratory activity than subordinates in a open-field test at the end of the cohabitation period; subordinates groomed longer than animals from other experimental groups. Dominants had lower pain thresholds than individually and pair-housed animals. Both dominants and subordinates had higher tyrosine hydroxylase enzymatic activities in the left adrenal than isolated and pair-housed rats. Subordinates lost body weight and had higher plasma corticosteroid concentrations than animals from the other experimental groups. In addition, they had smaller thymus glands and reduced spleen lymphocyte responses to mitogenic stimulation in vitro, in comparison to dominant animals. These results show that subordination in the dyadic resident-intruder paradigm leads to a complex syndrome of behavioural and physiological changes, some of which may be modulated by the intensity of aggressive interactions.
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PMID:Behavioural, physiological and immunological consequences of social status and aggression in chronically coexisting resident-intruder dyads of male rats. 396 Sep 94

The subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone (CPZ), a new cephalosporin antibiotic, was carried out in both sexes of Beagle dogs. CPZ was injected in Beagle dogs intramuscularly at dose levels of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg/day for 3 months. The same amount of physiological saline was injected to control dogs intramuscularly for 3 months. The following results were obtained: 1) Sign of severe pain was shown immediately after injection in groups of CPZ at 500 and 250 mg/kg/day. In the same groups, the focal necrosis, hemorrhage, cell infiltration and fibrosis of muscles of injected site were noted microscopically. 2) In only one out of 6 dogs given CPZ at 500 mg/kg/day for 3 months, decrease of red blood cells and in values of hemoglobin and hematocrit an increase of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood were observed. In the same dog, splenomegaly and extramedullary hematopoiesis in the liver was found histopathologically, and in addition, the body weight and the food intake decreased during the administration period, associated with the development of anemia. 3) In dogs receiving up to 250 mg/kg/day, atrophy of the thymus was recognized at autopsy and slight decrease of cortical lymphocytes was seen histopathologically. 4) Based on these results, the maximum safety dose of CPZ was thought to be 125 mg/kg/day from the present experiment.
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PMID:[Subacute toxicity test of cefoperazone in beagle dogs with the intramuscular administration for 3 months (author's transl)]. 645 21


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