Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diseases which manifest with the respiratory distress in the newborn include 1) respiratory diseases-IRDS, type II RDS, neonatal asphyxia, and MAS etc. 2) anemia, CHD 3) CNS and 4) metabolic diseases. Among these, IRDS has high mortality rate because of the lack of the pulmonary surfactant and immaturity of respiratory center, and has many difficult problems in terms of its prevention and respiratory management. The points of its respiratory management are as follows: 1) Estimation of the level of arterial oxygen ation-this is the most important point. It has become possible, these days, to monitor continuous oxygenation using a transcutaneous oxygen electrode. 2) Knowledge of the physiology & management of apnea, and monitoring of heart rate and respiration. 3) Correction of acidosis & anemia and the nutritional supply by the intraveonous fluid administration. 4) Airway maintenance. 5) Oxygen administration to main PaO2 or tc PO2 of 60--80 mmHg. 6) Artificial ventilation by CPAP or IMV and 7) The specific drug therapy includes indomethacin for PDA associated with IRDS, Tolazoline for the fetal circulation syndrome, and Xanthine derivatives for primary apnea. 8) However, improvement by exchange transfusion has been contro-versial. On the other hand, in the type II RDS which has a relatively good prognosis, the intact survival can be expected by means of the proper management of general condition and respiration. In MAS, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and severe asphyxia, the proper resuscitation, oxygen administration should be given according to several conditions, especially the degree of hypoxia. The peritoneal dialysis can be lifesaving in case of severe renal impairment with RD. As the respiratory distress in the newborn is very frequent in its occurrence and death rate, its proper management is expected to result in the decrease in the newborn death rate in Hokkaido (8.1--6.6 per 1,000 live births) and the increase in the survival rate without any handicap, particularly if hospitals in each Hokkaido district give the newborn medical care more intensively than at present.
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PMID:[Respiratory distress in the newborn (author's transl)]. 39 87

The advantages of ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital dislocation and dysplasia of the hip, compared with other imaging diagnostical methods are obvious, since an exact and early diagnosis of hip immaturity can be made. Using realtime sonography, it is possible to directly visualise the motion of the femoral head in the acetabulum and verify any instability of the joint. Especially hips which are classified as being in the critical range should always be examined dynamically to judge their grade of instability. This is necessary because these hips often show no pathology when examined clinically. Unlike radiography, hip sonography can diagnose the grade of hip maturation from the day of birth. Newborn screening can thus result in early detection and treatment of pathological hip joints. Since introducing routine newborn screening at our hospital, we have been able to achieve an earlier onset of therapy in 80% of the cases, within the first four weeks of age. The percentage of CDH diagnosed before and after introducing the newborn screening did not differ. Babies which are classified as being in the "risk group" were followed up regularly. Subsequent to the dynamic examination of the hip, problems of describing the arthrosonographic anatomy of the hip are discussed.
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PMID:[Principles of sonographic examination of the hip]. 329 83

Recently, increased expression of inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, has been reported in both humans and animal models with CDH and the decreased TNF-alpha expression in CDH lung after antenatal dexamethasone (Dex) treatment. Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 are induced by several inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha. The aim of this study was to investigate pulmonary ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression in CDH lung in rats and to determine the effect of antenatal glucocorticoid. CDH model was induced in pregnant rats following administration of nitrofen on day 9.5 of gestation. In control animals, the same dose of olive oil was given without nitrofen. Dex (0.25 mg/kg) was given on day 18.5 and 19.5 of gestation. RT-PCR was performed to evaluate the relative amount of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression. Fluorescein immunohistochemistry using anti-ICAM-1 and anti-VCAM-1 antibody was performed using light and confocal microscopy. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 immunoreactivity were markedly increased in CDH lung compared to controls. Dex downregulated the expression of both adhesion molecules in the hypoplastic lung. Increased ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mRNA expression in hypoplastic lungs would suggest that the increased local synthesis of pulmonary adhesion molecules may induce respiratory distress in CDH. Decreased expression of adhesion molecules in CDH lungs after Dex treatment suggests that antenatal glucocorticoids therapy may improve pulmonary immaturity and associated respiratory distress in nitrofen-induced CDH lung.
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PMID:Increased expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the lung of nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia in rats. 1275 64