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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirty-three cases of European Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were investigated by immunohistochemical methods using a panel of antibodies specific for the markers of the cell types proposed for its histogenesis in the literature: S-100 protein for Schwann cells; lysozyme for histiocytes; alpha-actin, desmin and vimentin for pericytes and other mesenchyme-derived cells; factor VIIIR:Ag and Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I for endothelial cells. Antifibronectin antibodies were also used in order to investigate some functional activities of the proliferating cells. Immunohistochemical results showed that KS cells were diffusely positive for vimentin and alpha-actin and negative for all other cell markers. Furthermore, KS cells were constantly surrounded by fibronectin-positive material. Since the KS cells are diffusely positive for vimentin, they may be considered a monotypic proliferation of mesenchyme-derived cells which lack the markers of full endothelial cell differentiation; however, the occurrence of fibronectin-positive material around them suggests that these cells are actively proliferating endothelial cells and their diffuse positivity for alpha-actin suggests a possible differentiation to pericytic cells. In conclusion KS cells may be considered as mesenchymal cells which are at an intermediate stage of maturity or immaturity in vascular differentiation.
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PMID:Immunocytochemical profile of Kaposi's sarcoma cells: their reactivity to a panel of antibodies directed against different tissue cell markers. 249 8

Investigations on singleton and twin pregnancies show different functional behaviour on maternal-fetal relationship. In some ways twin pregnancies may be considered at risk and they may develop associated pathologies such as hypertension. The aim of this work was to evaluate the morpho-functional behaviours of umbilical cord veins in twin and singleton gestations to better understand the role of these extra-embryonic tissues in the regulation of pregnancies. The umbilical cords were studied from singleton pregnancies and from dichorionic twin pregnancies. Biochemical and morphological investigations were carried out. A significant decrease in the anisotropy values was observed in endothelial cells from twins compared with singletons. Our ultrastructural data show immaturity features at the vein vessel wall level in twins. Furthermore, immunohistochemical investigations showed a lower degree of expressivity concerning adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and ELAM. Morphogenetic extracellular glycoproteins like fibronectin and tenascin seem over-expressed in twin pregnancies. Our morpho-functional data well testify the lower maturation degree of umbilical cord veins in twins with respect to singletons.
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PMID:Umbilical veins in dichorionic twins. A morpho-functional assessment. 755 55

Two main types of extracellular matrix distribution was distinguished on the basis of immunohistochemistry of the periodontium connective tissue in various inflammatory-sclerotic processes. The 1st type was characterized by a significant reduction of interstitial collagen, moderate content of type V collagen and high content of fibronectin (in case of the exacerbation). The 2nd type was characterized by a high content of type V collagen, increased content of interstitial collagen and moderate amount of fibronectin (in case of reparative sclerosis). An inversion of the relation between the I and III collagen types in favour of the latter, high level of type V collagen and permanent presence of fibronectin were characteristic for the scar tissue. These properties of scar connective tissue indicate its immaturity and permanent activity.
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PMID:[Structure of connective tissue in inflammatory-sclerotic processes in the periodontium]. 767 82

Fibronectin and its integrin receptor alpha 5 beta 1 were studied by immunohistochemical methods in five normal canine mammary glands, four dysplastic glands and 18 mammary tumours. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible changes in the alpha 5 beta 1 integrin receptor and its ligand fibronectin in relation to the metastatic capacity of canine mammary neoplasms. The immunostaining of alpha 5 beta 1 was very uniform in the hyperplastic glands but uneven in the mammary tumours. The expression of alpha 5 and beta 1 was diminished in metastatic tumours but there were some alpha 5-positive cells with pronounced features of malignancy and immaturity. Stromal fibronectin was increased in most cases and cytoplasmic staining of fibronectin was observed in epithelial and myoepithelial cells in mammary neoplasms but not in normal or dysplastic mammary tissue. There was no relationship between the content of alpha 5 beta 1 and the expression of fibronectin in canine mammary tumours.
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PMID:Expression of fibronectin and its integrin receptor alpha 5 beta 1 in canine mammary tumours. 787 Dec 57

The current hypothesis for the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis involves the intramedullary release of growth factors from defective or abnormal megakaryocytes. We describe a case of an acute micromegakaryocytic leukaemia, in a patient with chronic myelofibrosis, that provides additional evidence for this concept. The micromegakaryocytes, which reached 223 x 10(9)/l, were characterized morphologically by both light and electron microscopy, immunocytochemically and by platelet peroxidase activity. The cells were shown to have a mature cytoplasm, containing alpha granules and the associated proteins; vWF:Ag, fibrinogen, fibronectin and protein S. DNA analysis, by both a Seescan Solitaire Plus image analysis system and flow cytometry, revealed nuclear immaturity, with 92% of cells being diploid. Serum markers of connective tissue synthesis, namely carboxy terminal peptide of procollagen I (PICP), procollagen terminal peptide III (PIIIP) and laminin all increased significantly following transformation and were associated with an increase in platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). These observations support the current hypothesis for bone marrow fibrosis formation and provide, for the first time, a link between in vivo growth factor release, bone marrow stromal turnover and megakaryocyte mass. In addition, the release of biologically active TGF-beta may explain both the increased fibronectin and angiogenesis characteristic of myelofibrotic bone marrow.
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PMID:Characterization of an acute micromegakaryocytic leukaemia: evidence for the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis. 843 38

Kaspareit-Rittinghausen described a rodent model of inherited polycystic kidney disease (PKD), the Han:SPRD rat [1, 2], in which heterozygotes develop renal cysts and renal failure (in males) over several months, whereas homozygous animals develop rapidly progressive renal enlargement that leads to death in a few weeks. In this study, we examined selected elements of the pathogenesis of this disease in heterozygotes and homozygotes from birth to advanced disease. Heterozygous male rats developed slowly progressive renal cystic disease with interstitial fibrosis and azotemia seen by six months of age. Female heterozygotes developed slowly progressive renal cystic disease, but did not develop interstitial fibrosis or azotemia. Epithelial cells lining cyst cavities showed various degrees of morphologic immaturity. Cyst walls also developed basement membrane thickening, especially in areas of cellular immaturity, suggesting an interrelationship between this basement membrane thickening and cellular dedifferentiation. Thickened basement membranes were associated with increased immunoreactivity for type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin. Homozygous rats developed massive renal enlargement, marked azotemia, and died near three weeks of age. Renal c-myc proto-oncogene expression was elevated in homozygous cystic infants and in adult heterozygotes. In situ hybridization showed high levels of c-myc mRNA in cyst epithelia, suggesting abnormal regulation of cellular proliferation in the cells lining cysts, as seen in other models of PKD. The Han:SPRD rat is the only well-documented animal model of inherited PKD with an autosomal-dominant inheritance pattern and appears to have several features which resemble human ADPKD.
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PMID:Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease in the rat. 845 52

Retrograde differentiation (or dedifferentiation) has recently been proposed as a pathogenetic mechanism involved also in various renal diseases. Here we studied whether evidence of these mechanisms can be found in the kidneys of patients with congenital nephrotic syndrome of the Finnish type (CNF). These patients show isolated massive proteinuria but no primary symptoms from any other organ systems. For the analysis we used antibody markers of early (fibronectin, stem cell factor, Wilms' tumor gene product, cytokeratin) and later (laminin, midgestation and kidney, heparin binding growth-associated molecule) stages of nephron differentiation as well as for apoptosis (acridine orange staining), rescue from apoptosis (anti-Bcl-2 antibodies) and cell proliferation (antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen). In the peritubular spaces atypically organized areas were found which appeared positive with markers of low stages of differentiation, but neither abnormal cell proliferation nor activation of the apoptotic pathway could be detected. As morphologic signs of abnormal tissue organization, we found clusters of tightly compacted and large glomeruli corresponding to the size of two to three normal glomeruli. However, all individual glomerular cell compartments (mesangial, endothelial, visceral epithelial cells) appeared balanced in relative cell numbers. Together these results may indicate abnormal early mesenchymoepithelial tissue interaction leading to excessive and poorly organized formation of glomeruli. This could be causally related also to the serious functional immaturity of CNF kidneys presented as isolated proteinuria.
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PMID:Morphologic changes suggesting abnormal renal differentiation in congenital nephrotic syndrome. 950 82

Newborns and infants are particularly susceptible to infections, and this appears to be due to deficient immuneresponsiveness. The survey of the pertaining literature (95 references) reveals the particularities of newborns' and infants' immune responses. After the brief survey of basic immunological terms, innate (natural) and acquired (specific), systemic and local (regional) immune responses are described. Characteristics of cellular [leukocytes, polymorphonuclears, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, monocytes, macrophages, natural killer (NK-) cells] and humoral (complement system, fibronectin, C-reactive protein) components of innate immunity are surveyed. Follows the analysis of cellular and humoral participants in specific immune responses: antigen presenting cells (macrophages, dendritic cells), B cells (immunoglobulins), T cells (TCR-1 T cells, TCR-2 T cells). Finally, the characteristics of local immunity are described. The presented overview of the immune responses reveals a partial immune system's immaturity (maturational deficiency) in newborns and infants.
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PMID:[Characteristics of immunoreactivity in neonates and young children. Review of the literature]. 976 30

Cell differentiation markers on placental villi from the first trimester of human pregnancy have been studied by indirect immunofluorescence. Fluorescence labelling with antibodies against CD34 and CD31 was conspicuous in the vascular cells. The vascular paracellular clefts were labelled by anti-cadherin-5. A few vascular cells exhibited a positive reaction for von Willebrand factor, high-molecular-weight melanoma-associated-antibody and alpha-sm-actin compared to term pregnancy, indicating changes in protein expression during vascular differentiation. The poor anti-collagen IV reaction and the absence of a sm-myosin fluorescent signal observed around the vessels confirned the immaturity of the vessels. In contrast, strong reactions have previously been obtained with the latter antibodies in similar locations using term placental villi. A labelling was observed for antibodies against alpha3 and alpha5 integrins in these immature placental vessels suggesting cell-matrix interactions with specific domains of laminin or fibronectin. The vascular cells were also stained by anti-CD26. Surprisingly, the fetal vascular cells exhibited immunostainings in common with the villous cytotrophoblast (CD26) or the syncytiotrophoblast (cadherin-5) and cell islands cytotrophoblast (CD31, cadherin-5, alpha3 and alpha5 integrin subunits). These observations suggested a two step process for fetal vasculogenesis in the villi: i/ the formation of peripheral vessels induced by growth factors or cytokines derived from the nearby trophoblast, ii/ the development of muscular vessels due to growth factors or cytokines production induced by circulatory changes.
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PMID:Characterization of first trimester human fetal placental vessels using immunocytochemical markers. 1193 78

Cutaneous radiation syndrome has severe long-term health consequences. Because it causes an unpredictable course of inflammatory waves, conventional surgical treatment is ineffective and often leads to a fibronecrotic process. Data about the long-term stability of healed wounds, with neither inflammation nor resumption of fibrosis, are lacking. In this study, we investigated the effect of injections of local autologous bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), combined with plastic surgery for skin necrosis, in a large-animal model. Three months after irradiation overexposure to the rump, minipigs were divided into three groups: one group treated by simple excision of the necrotic tissue, the second by vascularized-flap surgery, and the third by vascularized-flap surgery and local autologous BM-MSC injections. Three additional injections of the BM-MSCs were performed weekly for 3 weeks. The quality of cutaneous wound healing was examined 1 year post-treatment. The necrotic tissue excision induced a pathologic scar characterized by myofibroblasts, excessive collagen-1 deposits, and inadequate vascular density. The vascularized-flap surgery alone was accompanied by inadequate production of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (decorin, fibronectin); the low col1/col3 ratio, associated with persistent inflammatory nodules, and the loss of vascularization both attested to continued immaturity of the ECM. BM-MSC therapy combined with vascularized-flap surgery provided mature wound healing characterized by a col1/col3 ratio and decorin and fibronectin expression that were all similar to that of nonirradiated skin, with no inflammation, and vascular stability. In this preclinical model, vascularized flap surgery successfully and lastingly remodeled irradiated skin only when combined with BM-MSC therapy. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2018:569-582.
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PMID:Autologous Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improve the Quality and Stability of Vascularized Flap Surgery of Irradiated Skin in Pigs. 2977 77


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