Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experimental host versus graft (HVG) disease is the fatal immunodeficiency syndrome which is induced in susceptible strains of inbred mice by the perinatal inoculation of related F1 hybrid spleen cells. The allogenic HVG reaction results in severe T-cell depletion, but hyperplasia of B cells, of which some are F1 donor in origin. To investigate the role of F1 donor B cells in the development of hyperglobulinemia in HVG mice which respond poorly to primary antigenic challenge, antibodies to horseradish peroxidase (HRP) of (T6 x RFM)F1 donor B-cell origin were used as markers for the engraftment of primed donor B cells in RFM hosts, and as sequential measures of the allogenic reaction on them. F1 donor B cells sensitized to HRP survived different stages of the HVG reaction after inoculation on Day 1 or Day 8 after birth. Tests for the anti-HRP antibody output of RFM host cells, and engrafted HRP-primed and unprimed (T6 x RFM)F1 donor cells suggested that the hyperglobulinemia seen in HVG mice was caused principally by antigen-primed, F1 donor B cells stimulated by the allogenic effect, with or without further exposure to the antigen(s) to which the donors had been sensitized prior to transplantation. The poor primary responses were attributed to the engraftment of the many donor B cells already committed, to the immunological immaturity of the host B cells, and to the lack of T-cell help for adult unprimed F1 donor B cells. Taken together with previous work, the data also suggest that antigen-primed donor B cells were engrafted in preference to equally histoincompatible donor T cells and unprimed donor B cells.
Cell Immunol 1986 Sep
PMID:Sensitized (T6 x RFM)F1 donor B cells contribute to hypergammaglobulinemia and to poor primary responses in RFM mice with allogenic host versus graft disease. 348 42

To examine the local immunity of the newborn and maternal mammary glands the distribution of regulatory lymphocyte subsets, Ia-positive cells, free secretory component (Sc) and secretory IgA (SIgA) has been studied in maternal and neonatal milk. In the maternal milk there was a positive correlation between the relative number of Ia-positive cells and the level of SIgA, and a reverse correlation between the percentage of cytotoxic (suppressor) cells and free Sc level. No such correlations were observed on the neonatal milk. A high level of It-positive cells in the neonatal milk suggests a high functional activity of the local immunity in the mammary gland of the newborn. A high Sc level and a very low SIgA level were found in the neonatal milk. The relative immaturity and autonomy of the local immunity were observed in the neonatal mammary gland.
Biull Eksp Biol Med 1987 Sep
PMID:[Comparative analysis of the subpopulation of immunocompetent cells and the secretory IgA system in neonatal and maternal milk]. 349 85

Adolescent pregnancies are often considered pregnancies at risk due to the multiple medical concerns involved. Prenatal care begins with the confirmation of the pregnancy and then with various clinical examinations to determine the pregnancy's normalcy. However, one of the most important factors of early prenatal care is education. Normal psychological and physiological changes should be discussed with the patient. As the woman progresses with her pregnancy, prenatal visits should become more frequent. Lack of early prenatal care may result in complications further in pregnancy. Multiple studies have shown that adolescents may start prenatal care later than older women; this may be caused by denial of pregnancy or fear of abortion or medical procedures. Complications with labor due in part to lack of prenatal care may be: breech births resulting in greater morbidity and mortality; greater risk for caesarean section die to physical immaturity; and/or preeclamptic seizures. Complications associated with adolescent pregnancy include preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, and anemia. Contraception during the postpartum period is encouraged, especially among adolescent mothers, to prevent repeat unexpected pregnancies.
Semin Adolesc Med 1986 Sep
PMID:Adolescent obstetrics. 360 39

We examined the diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) on initial lumbar puncture in a prospective study including 126 patients (30 neonates, 96 infants and children) suspected of having meningitis. Twenty patients were considered to have bacterial and 25 were considered to have viral meningitis. In infants and children, a retrospectively chosen cut-off CRP titre of 4 (i.e. approximately equal to 0.4 mg/l CRP) had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 94% for differentiating bacterial meningitis from both viral meningitis and normal. It was a more sensitive and selective test for differentiating bacterial from viral meningitis on initial CSF examination than was the CSF leucocyte count, glucose concentration or protein concentration. In neonates, no such cut-off CRP titre could be found, presumably due to the immaturity of the blood-CSF-barrier (B1-CSF-B) during the first weeks of life. In a parallel study including a non-selected group of 13 infants and children (4 without, 9 with bacterial meningitis), the serum/CSF CRP concentration ratios were determined and inserted in the individual B1-CSF-B diagrams according to Felgenhauer. The results were fully consistent with the hypothesis that the CRP concentration in CSF reflects the normal permeability characteristics of the B1-CSF-B, or the degree of its impairment. Based on our results, we recommend the CSF CRP estimation in the routine evaluation of infants and children suspected of having meningitis.
Eur J Pediatr 1986 Sep
PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein in meningitis: diagnostic value and pathophysiology. 376 91

A stable line of oligodendrocyte-like cells has been derived by passaging methods from initial explant cultures of postnatal Lewis rat cerebellum. These cells resemble oligodendrocytes by both light and electron microscopy. However, their ultrastructure suggests immaturity, and they express no galactocerebroside at their surfaces. They do express surface tetrasialoganglioside. They contain no intermediate filaments, and show none of the ultrastructural characteristics of astrocytes. It is suggested that they represent immediate precursors to oligodendrocytes, or "oligodendroblasts". In addition, the cell line contains a small minority of astrocytes, and interactions between these and the oligodendroblasts are suggested to account for the highly differentiated ultrastructure maintained by the oligodendroblasts over hundreds of cell generations in vitro, as well as, possibly, the high proliferative rate of the oligodendroblasts. Conversely, the failure of the oligodendroblasts to mature is related to the absence of neurons.
J Neurol Sci 1985 Sep
PMID:Rat oligodendroblasts in vitro as a long-term cell line. 387 49

Beginning at 42 weeks of age undernourished females that had been maintained outdoors were exposed to long days (15L:9D) or short days (9L:15D). After 6 weeks, both groups were placed on short days, and ad-libitum feeding was begun. Rapid 'catch-up' growth occurred similarly in both groups. However, the response to oestradiol negative feedback regulation of LH secretion differed greatly. Short-day lambs remained hyperresponsive to oestradiol inhibition, and circulating LH remained low, a condition that typifies immaturity of the system governing LH secretion. In the females exposed to the long-day-short-day sequence, circulating LH began to increase 10 weeks after the end of long days; this change is characteristic of the neuroendocrine alteration that occurs during puberty. These findings indicate that the growth-retarded lamb can differentiate long days from short days, and can therefore continue to accumulate photoperiod information during prolonged periods of undernutrition.
J Reprod Fertil 1985 Sep
PMID:Photoperiodic time measurement is maintained in undernourished lambs with delayed puberty. 403 72

Significant qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in the lungs of 4 of 6 infants with anencephaly and hydranencephaly. In 3 of 4 of them, the findings were explicable on the basis of the presence of associated congenital anomalies, and in the fourth there was polyhydramnios. The infants with normal lungs did not have associated congenital abnormalities. The absence of the pituitary did not correlate with the degree of development of the lungs. Studies of lung growth in anencephaly and hydranencephaly must clearly note the presence of associated anomalies because anencephaly/hydranencephaly per se may not cause pulmonary hypoplasia in the majority of cases. The most satisfactory assessment in evaluation of lung growth and development was obtained by combining morphologic findings with more than one morphometric parameter. Radial count estimation alone was found to be a poor predictor of lung maturity (morphologic age) in hypoplastic lungs. Radial count and fixed lung volume together provide a better assessment of lung growth and development than does the ratio of lung weight to body weight, which is of use only if severely depressed. The terms immaturity and hypoplasia of the lungs are not necessarily synonymous.
Am Rev Respir Dis 1985 Sep
PMID:Lung growth and development in anencephaly and hydranencephaly. 403 31

To define the expulsive and airway protective mechanisms involved in infantile regurgitation, we studied 15 infants (9 premature and 6 mature infants) with histories of frequent postfeeding regurgitation. In 13 infants we recorded pharyngeal pressure, pH, nasal and oral airflow, and abdominal respiratory movements. In two additional infants we recorded gastric pressure. In eight infants observations were made without intrapharyngeal recording devices. Distinctive abdominal regurgitation movements (RMs) immediately preceded 84% of regurgitation episodes. These RMs were characterized by one or more large brief increases in abdominal girth. In the two infants with gastric pressure recordings, large increases in gastric pressure, with duration and frequency characteristics similar to the RMs, immediately preceded regurgitation episodes. Thus, in contrast to the generally accepted concept that flow of gastric contents out of the stomach is passive during infantile regurgitation, we documented an active expulsive mechanism similar to that of vomiting in the adult. In all regurgitation episodes, upper airway closure occurred at the onset of the regurgitation movement. One or more swallows occurred immediately following RMs and prior to airway reopening in 97% of regurgitation episodes. Brief respiratory pauses occurred during regurgitation in all premature infants and occasionally in mature infants. Nasal regurgitation, coughing, and sneezing occasionally accompanied regurgitation episodes. Thus upper airway closure and swallowing prior to airway reopening were the most frequently observed airway protective mechanisms during regurgitation. Brief respiratory pauses, sneezing, and coughing may be secondary airway protective mechanisms. Nasal regurgitation likely represents immaturity of airway protective mechanisms.
J Appl Physiol (1985) 1985 Sep
PMID:Airway protective and abdominal expulsive mechanisms in infantile regurgitation. 405 62

To clarify the hemocoagulative and fibrinolytic dynamics of the perinatal period and also to seek the cause of SGA (small for gestational age) baby birth, the coagulation and fibrinolysis of the cord blood were examined, and moreover a comparison with the maternal blood, discussion on the difference in birth weight, and an examination of the difference due to the sex of babies were made in 68 cases with full-term, vaginal, spontaneous delivery, and the following conclusions were reached. In comparison with maternal blood, cord blood significantly showed any of the following: Prolongations of the prothrombin time, and the activated partial thromboplastin time, a decrease in fibrinogen, and a decrease in the platelet aggregation, antithrombin III, and plasminogen. In addition, high values for thromboxane B2 and 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha were observed. In the SGA group, significant decreases were observed in the platelet count, antithrombin III, plasminogen, and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor as compared with the AGA (appropriate for gestational age) and LGA (large for gestational age) baby groups. No sex difference was observed in the hemocoagulative and fibrinolytic capacities of the cord blood. These hemocoagulative and fibrinolytic capacities, particularly changes in the fibrinolytic system observed in the SGA group, seem to be attributable to chronic DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation) and mild acidosis due to various stresses during pregnancy and at parturition, in turn due to immaturity of the liver in babies.
Nihon Sanka Fujinka Gakkai Zasshi 1985 Sep
PMID:[Blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in cord blood with reference to birth weight]. 405 31

N-Nitrosomethylurea (NMUrea) was given as a single intraperitoneal injection either to newborn or to 5-week-old (C57BL * C3Hf)F(1) mice and Wistar rats. Newborn mice were more susceptible than 5-week-old mice to the development of lymphosarcomas, lung adenomas and hepatomas, whereas newborn rats were more susceptible than their weaned counterparts to the development of renal anaplastic tumours. Other tumours occured with the same frequency in newborn and mature animals. Tumours of the forestomach in mice were more frequenty found in animals treated at 5 weeks than in those treated at birth. Since NMUrea persists for only a very short time and breaks down spontaneously it seems that the paucity of enzymes related to immaturity in newborns is not a major factor in determining the different susceptibility of newborn animals to NMUrea carcinogenicity.
Br J Cancer 1970 Sep
PMID:Carcinogenicity of a single administration of N-nitrosomethylurea: a comparison between newborn and 5-week-old mice and rats. 431 44


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