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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the neonatal period of the rat, pancreatic thyrotropin-releasing hormone content decreases and the sensitivity of insulin secretion to glucose increases. In adult rat islets, TRH inhibits glucose-induced insulin release. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a high TRH content and release can be part of the explanation for the functional immaturity of neonatal islets. For that purpose, we have measured the tissue content and the secretion of immunoreactive insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and TRH in islets from 21.5-day-old rat fetuses cultured for up to one week. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin content increased during one week of culture in the presence of 11.1 mmol/l glucose. The TRH content decreased during culture, but did not equal adult values. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin responses to glucose were present after one week of culture. Glucose had no effect on TRH release in cultured fetal islets, but inhibited TRH release in adult islets. We conclude that glucose can stimulate insulin secretion without inhibiting TRH release, but that a decrease in islet TRH content and a sensitization of TRH secretion to glucose may be important in the full maturation of fetal pancreatic islets.
Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1990 Sep
PMID:Insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone content and secretion by perifused fetal rat islets during culture. 197 58

We present the autopsy report of a liveborn triploid female, born after 36 weeks of gestation, who died at the age of 20 hours. External features were diagnostic: fetal hypoplasia, hypertelorism, microstomia, micro-and retrognathia, preauricular skin tag, low-set ears, and 3-4 syndactylia. All internal organs were hypoplastic. There were atrial and ventricular septal defects. Adrenals and kidneys were fused, the gallbladder was absent, and ovarian hilum cell were found to be hyperplastic. Triploidy, 69xxx, was confirmed cytogenetically. The placenta was hypoplastic and, microscopically, revealed a peculiar type of immaturity, so-called hydatidiform villous hypoplasia, findings which have not been previously reported. We suggest that the generalized fetal and placental hypoplasia and the severe hypoplasia of all internal organs are caused by a proliferative deficiency of the triploid cells. In addition, the nuclear DNA content was determined by cytophotometrically from placental stromal cells and was found to be about 50% above the normal diploid DNA value; i.e., a triploid DNA value was confirmed.
Teratology 1990 Sep
PMID:Triploidy syndrome in a liveborn female. 227 97

During the diagnostic investigation of 750 acute leukemias, nine cases were morphologically, cytochemically, and phenotypically undifferentiated. In seven of these cases the blasts were class II+, CD34+ and TdT+, in one were class II+, TdT+, CD7+ while in the remaining leukemia blasts expressed class II only. Cytoplasmic and membrane CD22, CD3, CD13, and Ig as well as membrane CD19, CD10, CD37, CD2, CD33, CD14, glycophorin C, and CD61 were absent. The further characterization of these rare leukemias yielded the following results. The TCR-beta, -gamma and -delta genes were in germline configuration in seven cases studied while IgH genes were rearranged on both alleles in two cases and germline in the other five. By ultrastructural analysis peroxidase activity was detected on unfixed cells in a minority of blasts from four of seven cases. In two of the peroxidase-positive cases a small proportion of blasts also reacted with an anti-myeloperoxidase monoclonal antibody. In one of the peroxidase-negative cases, 7% of blasts were labeled by the antibody, suggesting the presence of peroxidase in its proenzyme form. Importantly, the two cases with Ig gene rearrangements did not have cytochemically or immunologically detectable peroxidase. Three of the nine patients were treated as ALL while six received AML chemotherapy. In five patients complete remission was achieved while the other four died from infections during remission induction. Four patients are still in remission 7, 12, 24, and 30 months after diagnosis while one patient relapsed after 12 months. In conclusion, we have characterized the genotypic and ultrastructural features of subtype of acute leukemia in which blasts expressed immaturity markers and lacked lineage associated antigens. In contrast to previously reported "unclassifiable" cases, the leukemias were phenotypically homogeneous and showed a good response to chemotherapy.
Leukemia 1990 Sep
PMID:Phenotypic, genotypic, cytochemical, and ultrastructural characterization of acute undifferentiated leukemia. 239 82

This investigation tested the hypothesis that high risk infants showing immaturity in localisation of a sound stimulus would be more likely to have appreciable neurodevelopmental dysfunction. The cohort comprised 112 infants, 66 of whom were classified as 'high risk'. Every infant underwent a neurological and developmental assessment, a sound localisation response test, and an audiological examination when necessary. The first examination was performed at age 8-9 months and was repeated between six and eight months later. It was found that if the sound localisation response was mature at the first examination normal development could be anticipated at the second examination. If an immature sound localisation response was shown then considerable dysfunction could be anticipated in about half of the infants. It is suggested that special attention be paid to the maturity of the sound localisation response in infants during auditory screening procedures, and an immature response should alert the examiner to the possibility of appreciable abnormality in development.
Arch Dis Child 1986 Sep
PMID:Immature sound localisation and abnormal development. 242 23

The syndrome of cholestatic jaundice in association with urinary tract infection with normal or slightly elevated liver enzymes has been reported mainly in newborns and infants below 2 months of age. The relative immaturity of the infant's liver and its sensitivity to bacterial endotoxins may explain the occurrence of this syndrome in this age group. A similar syndrome has been reported in adults with severe non-hepatic bacterial infection, including some with urinary tract infection. However, only three case reports in older children could be found. In this report, the case of a 4-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, who presented with cholestatic jaundice with normal liver enzymes and urinary tract infection, is described. Treatment with antibiotics resulted in resolution of the jaundice and potentially hepatotoxic drugs were used for the treatment of leukaemia with no problems. Two adult patients with acute leukaemia, non-hepatic bacterial infection and cholestatic jaundice have been reported; both died shortly after diagnosis.
Ann Trop Paediatr 1988 Sep
PMID:Cholestatic jaundice with urinary tract infection in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 246 Nov 52

Neonatal mortality and causes of death at King Fahd Hospital of the University in Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia from June 1981 to May 1986 were analyzed to assess the quality of and to formulate plans to improve perinatal health care. All liveborn infants weighing 500 g or more delivering at King Fahd Hospital were included. The uncorrected neonatal mortality risk ratio (NNMR) declined by 32% between the 1st and 2nd years and 48% and 60%, reductions occurred in crude and standardized mortality, respectively, from the 1st year to the end of the 5th. The incidence of low birth weight (LBW) averaged 7.1% and failed to change during the 5 years. The was a significant variation in the incidence of very low birth weight rate (VLBWR). The lowest rate of 0.38% occurred in 1982-83 during the 2nd year and was significantly different from the rates in all other years, except 1983-82, the mortality rate for infants weighing 1500 g or less was significantly reduced in 1983-84 and 1984-86. After establishment of the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), there was a modest reduction in the crude NNMR from 12.4 to 9.4 and a significant decline in the standardized NNMR. Similarly, the NNMR/VLBWR ratios were 1.94 and 0.96, respectively, before and after the introduction of the NICU. Congenital malformations, RDS, and asphyxia were the 3 most common causes of death. These conditions and severe immaturity account for 74% of deaths.
Ann Trop Paediatr 1988 Sep
PMID:Neonatal vital statistics: a 5-year review in Saudi Arabia. 246 Nov 58

A neurolinguistic study of 20 high functioning right-handed autistic children (19 males and 1 female) was carried out using a dichotic listening test of two-syllabic meaningful words with which to detect the level of binaural separation ability and the condition of hemispheric lateralization of language by examining the degree of ear advantage. The autistic children ranged from 5 to 15 years in age. Their IQ ranged from mildly retarded to normal. (The mean IQ was 67.6 and the mean mental age was 5 yr. 9 mo.). We compared them with non-autistic mentally retarded and normal children as controls, being matched by mental age and right handedness. The autistic children were found to be significantly lower on the level of binaural separation ability than the controls and to have a clearly higher incidence of a left ear advantage than the controls. The autistic and mentally retarded children showed lower advantage than normal children. These results indicate that the autistic children have a dysfunction or immaturity of the central auditory nervous system and an abnormality in the process of hemispheric lateralization of language.
Tokai J Exp Clin Med 1989 Sep
PMID:A neurolinguistic study of autistic children employing dichotic listening. 248 73

Mature basophils can be differentiated from other blood born cells by their morphology, metachromatically staining granules, histamine content, and the presence on their surfaces of high-affinity IgE receptors. The identification of basophil-like cells arising in mixed human bone marrow cultures, however, is made more difficult because of their immaturity and the morphologic alterations due to in vitro culture. Identification of IgE receptors on individual cells in cell preparations which could simultaneously be examined for their histochemical properties would facilitate the study of basophil growth and differentiation. Because this was difficult using existing techniques, we developed an IgE staphylococcal protein A rosetting assay which allows the identification of cells bearing high-affinity IgE receptors and permits the same cells to be examined by a variety of staining techniques. We then examined the appearance of basophil-like cells bearing IgE receptors in cultures of human bone marrow and correlated this data with measurements of IgE receptor number and affinity. The percentage of total cells grown in the presence of human recombinant IL-3 (rIL-3) that rosetted with Staphylococcus aureus increased from 2 +/- 0.5% at 1 week of culture to 7 +/- 2% at 2 weeks, 14 +/- 5% at 3 weeks, and 18 +/- 5% at 4 weeks. Using 125I-labeled IgEPS, the number of IgE receptors per rosetting basophil-like cell was calculated to be 7.3 x 10(4) at 2 weeks, 6.8 x 10(4) at 3 weeks, and 3.9 x 10(4) receptors per rosette positive basophil-like cell at 4 weeks. Finally, the rate of dissociation of IgE from these cultured cells was found to be 4.0 +/- 1.3 x 10(-5) s-1, indicating that IgE bound to IgE receptors on cultured basophil-like cells with high affinity.
J Immunol Methods 1989 Sep 29
PMID:A staphylococcal protein A rosetting assay for the demonstration of high affinity IgE receptors on rIL-3-dependent human basophil-like cells grown in mixed cell cultures. 252 16

Hypertension is a pathological condition that involves maternal fetal relationship. In hypertension placenta displays a syncytiotrophoblast plasmalemma with aspects of anomalous behaviour concerning Intramembranous Particles (IMP) and actin content of microvilli cytoskeleton. Decrease of syncytiotrophoblast microvilli IMP and microvilli actin further sustain the tendency of hypertensive placenta to show some features of immaturity that might deeply influence fetal-maternal exchanges during pregnancy associated with pathological status.
Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper 1989 Sep
PMID:[Hypertension and syncytiotrophoblast: morpho-structural aspects]. 262 39

This paper describes the clinical, hormonal and radiologic profiles in 282 children evaluated for hypothyroidism. Short stature, mental retardation or puberal disturbances were often the presenting features in the older age group, whereas in the 1-5 years age group medical opinion was usually sought for symptomatology suggestive of thyroid hypofunction. Children in the 0-1 year group were suspected on the basis of psychomotor dysfunction. Skeletal immaturity was found in 93.0% of patients with overt hypothyroidism and in 36.6% cases with normal thyroid profiles but associated with malnutrition. High TSH levels were noted in 70.9% of the cases studied. 4.9% and 7.3% patients with normal TSH had low T3, and T4 levels respectively. FSH, testosterone and PRL levels were also affected in some patients with overt hypothyroidism. Therapeutic responses based on at least 1 year follow up were available in 170 cases. The results are discussed.
J Assoc Physicians India 1989 Sep
PMID:Hypothyroidism in children/adolescents. Clinical and hormonal profiles. 263 58


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