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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-two of 94 4-year-olds in a nursery schools sample in a working class area wet their beds at least once a week. The enuresis was significantly associated with other behavioural items which could be interpreted as representing general emotional immaturity. A malaise score of the enuretics' mothers was higher than that of the remaining mothers. It is suggested that from these results can be seen the beginning of a damaging interaction which could lead to emotional disorder in the child.
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PMID:Bed wetting and emotional disorder: an "interactionist" model. 95 58

The authors present their approach to the sleep factor in children with enuresis, based on a still on-going exploration of manometric changes in bladder activity. Twenty patients have already been examined by cystomanometry in day time and polygraphic sleep recording at night, combined with continuous measurement of bladder pressure. This method derives from the studies of Gastaut and Broughton, in 1963, but takes into account the concept of bladder immaturity. The patients studied fell into two homogeneous groups, depending on whether enuresis was obviously due to bladder immaturity (Group I) or was strictly isolated (Group II). No disorder of sleep organization has been found in none of these two groups, but both had apparently nonspecific irritant factors. The enuresis episode is described. It tends to occur frequently at the beginning of the night, is prepared by an increase in bladder pressure which is always very pronounced in Group I subjects, and is associated with insufficient awakening reaction due to an apparently exceedingly high awakening threshold. The physiopathological and therapeutic implications of these findings are discussed.
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PMID:[Urination control during sleep]. 179 87

The authors carried out a neuropsychological investigation of the characteristic aspects of functional asymmetry of the brain (FAB) in 72 adolescents (24 girls, 48 boys; age: 9-14 years) suffering of enuresis in comparison with a control choice of healthy adolescents (n-92). It was found that the patients showed a tendency to an accumulation of subjects with the left leading eye and revealed distinct differences in the distribution of ambidexters. These data may indicate immaturity and delay in FAB formation in the clinical choice and suggest the presence of mild exogenous-organic disorders of the central nervous system characterized by minimal brain dysfunction. Psychological control of the efficiency of treatment was realized.
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PMID:[Lateral signs in adolescents suffering from enuresis]. 271 81

After a description of the bladder-sphincter system physiology and of the different stages in the acquisition of micturition control by children, as revealed by urodynamic explorations, the author presents the bladder immaturity syndrome. This entity includes diurnal disorders of micturition--such as urgencies, pollakiuria, more seldom retention and incontinence--which can readily be identified by questioning. It accounts for many cases of nocturnal enuresis which may benefit from treatment with anticholinergic drugs. Nocturnal enuresis without disorders of micturition in daytime is due to other physiopathological mechanisms. It is preferably treated with tricyclic antidepressants and other non-medicinal therapies. All cases should be investigated for a possible organic pathology. A practical classification of enuresis is given.
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PMID:[Enuresis: the viewpoint of the urologist]. 291 63

All-night sleep polygraphs, except the first night, were recorded for 15 patients with idiopathic nocturnal enuresis and 10 normal controls. Relations between sleep and the mechanism by which nocturnal enuresis is caused, with special emphasis on the occurrence of rhythmic slow waves (RSW), was studied. The following results were obtained. (a) There was no significant difference between the two groups in the proportions of the electroencephalographic (EEG) sleep stages, under the same conditions. (b) Nocturnal enuresis occurred with almost the same frequency in all sleep stages except stage 1 sleep and was higher in the second and third cycles. (c) Immediately before a nocturnal enuretic event, 6-7 Hz RSW continued for as long as 15-40 s in NREM sleep, or 3-5 Hz RSW was observed in REM sleep. (d) RSW was observed in enuretics and controls, and decreased with increase in age. However, RSW occurred more often, and age-related decrease was delayed in enuretic children. (e) RSW was induced by stimuli such as changes in sleep stages or body movement. During RSW, the variance of heart rate and respiration tended to be low. These results and the similarity between RSW and diffuse rhythmic theta suggest that RSW may be an expression of the process of maintaining a given sleep stage in children. These results may also be caused by the immaturity of the sleep mechanism in enuretic children. The long-lasting RSW on the sleep EEG was considered to be a sign of the onset of nocturnal enuresis.
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PMID:Rhythmic slow wave observed on nocturnal sleep encephalogram in children with idiopathic nocturnal enuresis. 343 57

In a 7-year prospective follow-up of 104 children with enuresis in 32 cases (19 boys and 13 girls) coexistence of common migraine was found. Twenty-two children had various other seizure-like disorders, particularly tics, febrile convulsions, pavor nocturnus and fainting, and three had absence attacks. In 20 cases vasomotor disturbances and in 17 abnormal Schellong's test were found. The IQ was normal or high in all cases. Emotional disorders were observed in nearly half the cases. The water-salt test of Decourt was done in 9 cases and it was abnormal in 8 cases. At least two abnormal EEG records were obtained in 26 cases, and in 24 of them seizure activity was demonstrated in the EEG. In the period of follow-up disappearance or very marked improvement of enuresis occurred in all cases and migrainous attacks became less frequent and intense in 27 cases, while in 5 the severity of migraine increased. The author discusses the pathological mechanism of these disturbances calling attention to less good efficiency of the regulatory functions of the centrencephalic activating system and hypothalamus connected with biochemical and bioelectric immaturity.
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PMID:[Coexistence of idiopathic spontaneous nocturnal enuresis and migraine in children]. 344 4

Childhood enuresis can indicate an underlying problem as benign as developmental immaturity or as serious as urinary tract obstruction. As part of a large population-based study, parents of 1,753 children aged 5 to 13 years were asked about the presence and frequency of enuresis, perceived impact, and physician-prescribed treatments. Enuresis at least once during a 3-month period was reported for 14% of this general population of children. Boys were significantly more likely to experience enuresis than girls (16% v 12%; P less than .01). The prevalence of enuresis at least once a week was similar among boys and girls (7% v 6%). Parents reported that more than half of the children are distressed by their enuresis, and two thirds of parents expressed concern. Thirty-eight percent of bed wetters have seen a physician about their condition. More than one third of these children have been treated with a drug. The most commonly recommended regimen in the literature, the bed alarm, was prescribed to only 3% of bed-wetting children who saw a physician.
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PMID:Childhood enuresis: prevalence, perceived impact, and prescribed treatments. 396 Jun 17

Superficially, the causes of voiding difficulties in children may seem quite simple, but a thorough understanding of the anatomy physiology and neurology of normal and abnormal lower urinary tract function is necessary in uncovering the etiology of often seemingly siple complaints. An ectopic ureter, neurogenic bladder, urinary tract obstruction, or simple urinary tract immaturity, for example, can all cause a child to present with the complaint of "wetting." A familiarity with all the possible causes of voiding dysfunction is required to distinguish significant from insignificant symptoms. While a "wait and see" attitude often results in the spontaneous resolution of a problem such as simple nocturnal enuresis, the misdiagnosis of a severe disorder, such as urinary outflow obstruction, may permit the insidious development of irreversible renal failure. Our purpose in writing this monograph was not to provide a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis of voiding dysfunction in children, but rather to enhance the clinician's appreciation of the complexity of these problems. Our hope is that the perspective that we have provided will obviate the diagnostic and therapeutic exaggeration of insignificant voiding complaints, while assuring that the presence of significant lesions is not overlooked.
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PMID:Voiding dysfunction in children. 741 33

Enuresis and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are common childhood disorders that often co-occur. Although each has been linked to neurodevelopmental immaturity and increased risk for psychopathology, the clinical correlates of enuresis remain unclear. Subjects were 140 6-17-year-old boys with DSM-III-R ADHD and 120 non-ADHD controls. Information on enuresis and psychiatric diagnoses was obtained in a standardized manner blind to the child's clinical status. Our results show that (1) enuresis did not increase the risk for psychopathology in children with or without ADHD; (2) enuresis was not associated with psychosocial adversity or developmental immaturity; (3) enuresis was associated with increased risk for learning disability, impaired intellectual functioning, and impaired school achievement in normal control children but not in children with ADHD; and (4) the same pattern of findings was obtained after stratifying children with enuresis by primary versus secondary and by nocturnal versus diurnal subtypes. These results suggest that the clinical implications of enuresis may differ for ADHD and non-ADHD children.
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PMID:Clinical correlates of enuresis in ADHD and non-ADHD children. 755 50

Polygraphic exploration during sleep using cystomanometry was performed in 20 patients aged 7-17 years with primary (17) or secondary (3) enuresis. In this group of patients, 9 presented with isolated nocturnal enuresis while 11 patients had associated diurnal micturition troubles. During this study we documented 24 episodes of enuresis. There was no disturbance in sleep architecture or correlation between the uncontrolled micturition and any particular state or stage of sleep. Most episodes of enuresis occurred in a unique pattern in which a sudden or progressive intravesical increased pressure was associated with an awakening reaction. From a physiopathologic point of view, our findings are in favor of immaturity of the central system of inhibition of micturition reflex during sleep.
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PMID:Sleep polygraphic studies using cystomanometry in twenty patients with enuresis. 836 50


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