Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An analysis is presented of data on all 30 129 inpatient admissions to a mission hospital in the West Nile District of Uganda in the 27 year period from July 1951 to August 1978. For most of this period the hospital was staffed by the same two doctors. For each patient admitted, a record was made of their age (adult or child), sex, place of residence, duration of stay in hospital, diagnosis and vital status at discharge. The annual number of admissions increased steadily from around 300 in 1952 to over 1600 in 1966 and subsequently declined to about 900 in 1977. Sixty-five per cent of admissions were medical, 12% surgical, 11% obstetric and 9% gynaecological. Thirty per cent of admissions were children (aged 0-9 years). Forty-five per cent of admissions were from those resident in the same county as the hospital and another 20% were from an immediately adjacent county. Infective and parasitic conditions (including respiratory diseases) accounted for over 60% of admissions among children and over 38% of admissions among adults (excluding obstetric patients). The six most common causes of admission were: uncomplicated delivery (2308 admissions), pneumonia (2020), hookworm (1999), malaria (1806), schistosomiasis (1742) and diarrhoea (1041). In total 1960 deaths were recorded (6.5% of all admissions). High case fatality rates were observed for tetanus (61%), immaturity (54%), meningitis (38%), kwashiorkor (21%), other malnutrition (19%) and anaemia (19%). A striking increase in the number of admissions for measles was observed in the period 1976 to 1978. Admission rates for schistosomiasis (S. mansoni) appeared to be highest from counties adjacent to the Nile and 104 deaths were recorded among the 1742 patients with this as the primary diagnosis. Admissions for diabetes, as a percentage of all admissions increased from 0.2% in 1951-54 to 1.5% at the end of the study period. Marked seasonal variations in admission patterns were found for diarrhoea, measles, meningitis and respiratory infections, the last two, but not diarrhoea, being most common in the wettest months. Admissions for malaria showed no strong seasonal associations. Despite the limitations of hospital-based data, it is argued that the data analysed provide a reasonable indication of the important causes of severe morbidity and mortality in the district. Furthermore, some of the changes in admission patterns over time are likely to represent true changes in disease rates rather than artefacts of diagnosis or referral. The analyses presented indicate the value of simple record systems, carefully maintained.
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PMID:Admissions to a rural hospital in the West Nile District of Uganda over a 27 year period. 378 13

Human neonates are generally deficient in their ability to generate humoral immunity. This deficiency is thought to reflect physiologic immaturity of T and B cell function and lack of previous exposure to exogenous Ags. To determine whether neonatal humoral immunity can be modified by maternal helminth infection during pregnancy, we assessed Ig production by cord blood lymphocytes from healthy newborns of mothers living in an area of Kenya where schistosomiasis, bancroftian filariasis, and geohelminth infections are endemic. Twelve of 40 and 17 of 39 cord blood lymphocyte preparations from healthy newborns in Coast Province, Kenya, spontaneously made polyclonal IgE (range, 0.15-21 ng/ml) and IgG (1.6-10.1 ng/ml) in vitro. In vitro IgE synthesis by cord blood lymphocytes (CBL) was, on the average, 10-fold less than that of PBMC of Kenyan mothers (1.1-98 ng/ml) and was undetectable for CBL from newborns delivered in the United States. Schistosome and filarial Ags stimulated a 3- to > 100-fold increase in the production of polyclonal IgE and parasite-specific IgG Abs by lymphocytes from 10 of 40 and 6 of 39 Kenyan newborns, respectively. CBL observed to have helminth Ag-driven B cell responses were more likely to be from newborns of schistosome- or filaria-infected mothers than from uninfected mothers (p < 0.05). These data indicate that the human fetus can be sensitized in utero to produce helminth-specific B cells and that neonatal B cells are intrinsically capable of IgE and IgG production.
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PMID:B cell sensitization to helminthic infection develops in utero in humans. 953 21

The most critical phase of exposure to schistosomal infection is the infancy, because of the more frequent contact with contaminated water and the immaturity of the immune system. One of the most severe presentations of this parasitosis is the involvement of the spinal cord, which prognosis is largely dependent on early diagnosis and treatment. Reports on this clinical form of schistosomiasis in children are rare in the literature. We present here the clinical-epidemiological profile of schistosomal myeloradiculopathy (SMR) from ten children who were admitted at the Instituto Materno-Infantil de Pernambuco over a five-year period. They were evaluated according to an investigation protocol. Most of these patients presented an acute neurological picture which included as the main clinical manifestations: sphincteral disorders, low back and lower limbs pain, paresthesia, lower limbs muscle weakness and absence of deep tendon reflex, and impairment of the gait. The diagnosis was presumptive in the majority of the cases. This study emphasizes the importance of considering the diagnosis of SMR in pediatric patients coming from endemic areas who present a low cord syndrome, in order to start the appropriate therapy and avoid future complications.
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PMID:Clinical-epidemiological profile of children with schistosomal myeloradiculopathy attended at the Instituto Materno-Infantil de Pernambuco. 1730 63