Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

HLA-DR-like antigens and secretory component (SC) were localized immunohistochemically in adjacent tissue sections of ethanol-fixed paraffin-embedded jejunal mucosa from control subjects and patients with coeliac disease (CD) or dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). HLA-DR-like antigens were found in a patchy distribution apically in the columnar epithelial cells facing the gut lumen and in the upper part of the crypt epithelium. The staining pattern was similar in controls and patients with CD or DH. SC was normally most abundant in the crypt epithelium but the concentration of SC in the surface epithelium increased with increasing villous atrophy both in CD and DH patients. Despite this sign of immaturity, the surface cells retained their capacity to express HLA-DR-like antigens in the pathological mucosa.
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PMID:Relation between HLA-DR-like antigens and secretory component (SC) in jejunal epithelium of patients with coeliac disease or dermatitis herpetiformis. 703 May 31

Human umbilical cord blood (CB) is a rich source of hematopoietic stem cells for both research and stem cell transplantation. In clinical studies, it appears that recovery from myeloablative therapy using CB requires significantly fewer cells than a typical allogeneic marrow transplant. This suggests that CB may be enriched for early hematopoietic progenitors. The present studies were undertaken to determine the presence of CD34+ cells in CB with the phenotypic characteristics of multipotential stem cells. In 22 CB harvests, the average percentage of CD34+ cells was 1.33 +/- 0.21% (SE), a value similar to that in adult normal bone marrows (BM). However, the distribution of CD34+ cells was distinctly different from either BM or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized peripheral blood stem cell harvests. CB contained a defined population of brightly staining CD34+ cells with low side scatter. These CD34 (bright) cells comprised a mean of 14.5 +/- 2.5% of the CB CD34+ cells, whereas < 1% of BM CD34+ cells has been shown to be CD34- bright. Eighty-five to ninety percent were negative for three antigens expressed at an early stage of stem cell maturation: CD38, HLA-DR and LFA-1. Fifty-five percent of these CD34 (bright) cells did not express the CD45RA isoform, an additional marker of immaturity. The antigen-bright cells also lacked lineage-specific antigens including CD33, CD56, CD19, CD10 and CD7 as well as CD71. Approximately 46% were Thy-1+, and 40% expressed c-kit receptors. These data suggest that, by phenotypic criteria, CB may be a particularly enriched source of primitive hematopoietic precursors.
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PMID:A unique population of CD34+ cells in cord blood. 754 Apr 69

Three-color automated flow cytometry was carried out on peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes of 42 HIV-positive patients using tri-color anti-CD4 or anti-CD8, phycoerythrin-anti-CD38, and fluorescein-anti-HLA-DR, mAbs to elucidate further the T-cell activation hypothesis recently proposed to explain CD4+ T-cell abnormalities observed during HIV infection. CD4+ CD38+ T-cells constituted the major part of circulating CD4+ T-cells in HIV-infected patients and their HLA-DR molecule positivity increased as their disease progressed. The level of CD38 and HLA-DR expression on CD4+ T-cells was positively correlated to that of CD8+ T-cells and to the level of beta 2-microglobulin. Next, to determine whether CD38 expression was associated with a selective expansion or deletion of V beta gene-defined subsets, we compared the V beta gene frequencies between CD38+ and CD38- T-cells from HIV-infected CDC stage II patients using 13 mAbs specific to V beta families. While selective expansion of certain V beta families was observed in CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells the T-cell receptor V beta subset distribution was similar among CD38+ and CD38-, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, suggesting that CD38+ expression was either independent of an HIV-encoded antigen-driven process or rather indicative of T-cell immaturity. It is proposed that the phenotype of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells of HIV-infected patients is a feature of two different mechanisms: (i) an in vitro activation state responsible for increased DR expression and selective expansion of V beta gene-defined subsets, and (ii) T-cell immaturity due to an increased turnover of these cells and accounting for increased CD38 expression.
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PMID:During HIV infection, CD4+ CD38+ T-cells are the predominant circulating CD4+ subset whose HLA-DR positivity increases with disease progression and whose V beta repertoire is similar to that of CD4+ CD38- T-cells. 755 81

Forty patients (9 females and 31 males; mean age 41.9 years) with CD7+ acute myelocytic leukemia (AML) were investigated; they were classified into the following subgroups according to French-American-British classification: 15 M1, 18 M2, 3 M4, and 4 M5. Leukemic cells from all the patients were negative for T-cell-specific antigens, surface CD3, and T-cell-receptor molecules. The sex and age distributions were different from those of CD7- AML patients (P < .01). Hepatomegaly and central nervous system involvement were also frequent in the CD7+ AML patients. The phenotype of and responsiveness to hematopoietic growth factors by the leukemic cells showed their immaturity, as evidenced by frequent expression of CD34, HLA-DR, and TdT, and the greatest growth response to interleukin-3. No particular karyotypic abnormality was shown. One hundred eighty AML patients were treated with a therapeutic regimen routinely used for AML. The CD7+ AML patients showed a significantly lower response than CD7- AML patients (P < .01), and had a poorer prognosis (P < .01). CD7+ AML patients with M1 or M5b had unfavorable responses to the therapeutic regimen in comparison with patients with M2, M4, or M5a. In addition, 3 of 4 CD7+ CD2+ AML patients, who did not respond to the therapy, were induced into complete remission with an acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. The results presented here indicate the diagnostic importance of CD7 positivity in AML, suggesting that the cellular and clinical characteristics of CD7+ AML are sufficient for it to be recognized as a distinct category of AML.
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PMID:Clinical importance of CD7 expression in acute myelocytic leukemia. The Japan Cooperative Group of Leukemia/Lymphoma. 769 52

To investigate immaturity of hematopoietic progenitor cells in umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CB-MNC), the formation of macroscopic colonies and mixed-cell colonies was assayed by methylcellulose culture with various combinations of cytokines (stem cell factor [SCF], interleukin [IL]-3, IL-6, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor [G-CSF], erythropoietin [EPO]) and compared with bone marrow (BM)-MNC. Moreover, distribution of the subpopulations divided by CD34, CD38, HLA-DR and CD33 was compared by flow-cytometry. Colonies derived from CB-MNC were so large that they could be observed with the naked eye and consisted of a variety of types of hematopoietic cells. Mixed-cell colonies were formed to a much greater extent in CB-MNC than in BM-MNC. Addition of EPO, IL-3, and SCF had rapid effects on the growth of mixed-cell colonies. The subpopulations of immature hematopoietic progenitor cells (CD34+, CD38-, HLA-DR-), which are supposed to be able to differentiate into hematopoietic precursors and stromal cells, were significantly higher in CB-MNC (8.7 +/- 6.6%) than in BM-MNC (0.0 +/- 0.1%; P < 0.001). These results suggest that CB is a rich source of immature hematopoietic progenitor cells compared to BM.
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PMID:Umbilical cord blood as a rich source of immature hematopoietic stem cells. 787 75

A reference range for lymphocyte populations, with particular emphasis on T lymphocyte subsets, was obtained for normal individuals covering age cohorts from birth through adulthood. This report confirms and extends findings from a developmental reference range published earlier (1). Absolute numbers of WBC, lymphocytes, and T, B, and NK subsets decline significantly during childhood. However, differences in the rate of decline of certain lymphocyte subsets leads to discordance between absolute numbers and percentages. Those lymphocyte subsets which decline less rapidly with age than the total lymphocyte count will show an increase in percentage, whereas those which decline more rapidly will show further declines in percentage values. T cell percentages were seen to increase over time whereas B cell percentages decline. Markers of immaturity such as CD45RA on CD4 cells and CD38 on CD8 cells declined in both percentages and absolute numbers. Activation markers, such as HLA-DR on CD8 cells and IL2-R on CD3 cells, increased in percentages with time but changed inconsistently in cell number from infancy to adulthood. These findings extend the lymphocyte references range to markers thought to be informative in various disease states, including HIV infection.
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PMID:Age-related changes in human blood lymphocyte subpopulations. II. Varying kinetics of percentage and absolute count measurements. 790 66

Clinical and cytologic characteristics were correlated to immunologic markers in 154 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The panel of monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) was selected to identify differentiation-associated antigens of both the myeloid and the lymphoid lineages (CD13, CD33, CD14, CD15, CD7, CD34, CD10, HLA-DR, CD19, CD2, CD5, TdT). The expression of multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (P-170) was also evaluated in 117 patients. Differences in antigenic expression was observed among the various French-American-British (FAB) subgroups. HLA-DR was poorly expressed on the blasts of acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3), and was always found in FAB M5. CD34 was detectable in all M0 cases and only in one M3 (p < 0.001). Lymphoid-associated antigens were positive in 74 cases (48.1%). In particular, CD7 was found in 49 patients (31.8%), and TdT in 30 (21.3%), 15 samples displaying coexpression of these two antigens. The incidence of CD7+ cases was particularly elevated in M0 and M5 AML (p = 0.005). It significantly correlated with the expression of CD34, HLA-DR, P-170 (p < 0.001, p = 0.018 and p = 0.034 respectively), and with a leukocyte count > 50 x 10(9)/l (p = 0.038). Sixty-nine (59%) samples demonstrated P-170 positivity. Again, this phenotype was particularly expressed in the poorly differentiated forms (M5, M0 and M1) and showed significant correlation with the immaturity markers CD34, CD7 and HLA-DR (p = 0.013, p = 0.022 and p = 0.001, respectively). Expression of individual antigens correlated with prognosis. Refractoriness to first line therapy was associated with CD7 expression (p = 0.002) and P-170 (p = 0.001). The CD7 marker was also significantly associated with a very low overall survival (p < 0.001) and continuous complete remission (p < 0.001). CD14 expression also significantly predicted lower survival rates (p = 0.033). The combination (CD7+ CD14+) identified a subset of patients with a particularly adverse outcome. The prognostic value of CD7 expression, alone or in combination with other markers, was confirmed in multivariate analysis.
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PMID:Prognostic value of cell marker analysis in de novo acute myeloid leukemia. 790 93

Peritoneal cells (PC) from 75 patients were immuno-phenotypically and functionally characterized during the first year of CAPD treatment (PCcapd) and compared to PC obtained by laparoscopy of healthy women (control peritoneal cells). Patients were divided, according to their peritonitis incidence (PI), into a high PI (HPI) and a low PI group (LPI). The yield of PCcapd decreased significantly over the year. The differential cell count and immunophenotype of PCcapd remained unchanged in the LPI group, but the percentage of macrophages decreased over the year in the HPI group. Macrophages in the PCcapd, when compared to control peritoneal cells, had a less mature phenotype as measured by RFD7 expression but a higher Fc-receptor expression. The PCcapd showed a higher percentage of B cells, CD4 positive T cells and activated T cells bearing HLA-DR/DQ when compared to the control peritoneal cells. Over the year a decrease in chemotactic activity of the PCcapd towards 10(-8) M N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine and dialysis effluent was observed in LPI patients but not in HPI patients. After one year of treatment, a significantly higher percentage of phagocytosing macrophages in the PCcapd of HPI patients was found when compared to LPI patients. During the year there was an increase of immunophagocytosis of PCcapd independent of PI. In conclusion, the CAPD peritoneal cellular immune system showed signs of both immaturity and activation. The decrease in the yield and in the chemotactic activity of PCcapd suggests an adaptation to the chronic stimulus of the dialysis fluid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Immuno-effector characteristics of peritoneal cells during CAPD treatment: a longitudinal study. 845 63

Eighty six of 430 acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) patients (20.0%) and forty of 173 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients (23.1%) had CD7 on their leukemia cells. CD7(+) AML occurred at a younger age than CD7(-) AML, and is more frequent in males. Hepatomegaly and central nervous system involvement were also more frequent in CD7(+) AML than in CD7(-) AML. The age of onset of CD7(+) ALL is also younger than that of CD7(-) ALL. Phenotypically, CD(+) AML expressed CD34, HLA-DR, and TdT more frequently than CD7(-) AML while CD7(+) ALL expressed CD13/33 more often than CD7(-) ALL cells responded most significantly to interleukin 3 (IL-3), whereas most CD7(-) AML cells responded more significantly to granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and/or granulocyte (G)-CSF than to IL-3. CD7(+)sCD3(-)CD4(-)CD8(-) ALL expressed G-CSF receptor and c-kit mRNA more frequently, which is not usual in other types of ALL. P-glycoprotein (P-gp)/multi-drug resistance gene (MDR1), thought to be expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, is expressed in CD7(+) AML and CD7(+)sCD3(-) CD4(-)CD8(-) ALL significantly more often than in CD7(-) acute leukemias and the CR rate and overall survival of CD7(+)AML was worse than CD7(-) AML. These data, collectively, suggest the close association of CD7(+) AML and CD7(+)sCD3(-)CD4(-)CD8(-) ALL, not only the common expression of CD7 itself but also because their phenotypical immaturity, cytokine receptor expression, P-gp/MDR1 expression and clinical manifestations including the frequent occurrence in males and the poor prognosis. We propose that CD7(+) acute leukemia is an hematopoietic stem cell leukemia which may be separate entity.
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PMID:Biological characteristics of CD7(+) acute leukemia. 872 5

Newborns are more susceptible than adults to infections, which suggests a relative immaturity of the immune system early after birth. Cord blood T cells differ significantly both in surface phenotype and function from adult T cells. We examined the proliferation and expression of activation molecules by lymphocytes isolated from umbilical cord blood or peripheral blood of adults. The lymphocytes were cultured for 5 days in the presence of phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody. Cord blood T cells expressed the CD45RA molecule, while a low proportion expressed the RO isoform, a marker of primed or activated lymphocytes. Furthermore, more than 95% of neonatal lymphocytes bear the CD38 molecule, but do not express the CD57 molecule. After stimulation by phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A, the lymphocytes from newborns were activated and proliferated as efficiently as adult T cells. Anti-CD3 did not cause neonatal lymphocytes to proliferate, but these cells expressed activation molecules, such as HLA-DR antigens and the receptor for interleukin-2 and transferrin. The relevance of these findings to tolerance induction in immature cord blood T cells is discussed.
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PMID:Functional characteristics of cord blood T lymphocytes after lectin and anti-CD3 stimulation. Differences in the way T cells express activation molecules and proliferate. 900 17


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