Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Reduced thymus size and fetal weight were seen in 18-day old fetuses of C57BL/6 female mice fed a complete liquid diet containing 25% ethanol-derived calories (EDC) from gestational day 0 to 18. Thymocytes from fetuses from the 25% EDC diet group and from pair-fed and ad-lib control diet groups were compared by flow cytometry for expression of thymocyte differentiation antigens. The proportions of L3T4-positive and Lyt-2-positive thymus cells were significantly reduced in alcohol-exposed fetuses compared to controls; however, the number of Thy-l-positive cells did not differ among any of the groups. Histologically, the thymus from 25% EDC fetal mice failed to show the delineation between cortex and medulla that was seen in the thymuses of control fetuses. These results indicate that thymus immaturity is one of the accompanying features of fetal alcohol syndrome.
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PMID:Flow cytometric and histological analysis of mouse thymus in fetal alcohol syndrome. 326 56

Alcohol ingestion by female rats during pregnancy and/or lactation leads to developmental anomalies of different organ systems, retardation and immune system impairment in their offspring. In humans, these disorders are termed foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), or foetal alcohol effect (FAE) if abnormalities are of lesser degree. The study materials consisted of brain, liver and spleen samples collected ten days post partum from neonatal rats born to dams treated with 12% alcohol at a dose of 6 g/kg body mass during pregnancy or during pregnancy and/or lactation. Microglial and dendritic cells were assessed by light (histochemical and immunohistochemical methods) and electron microscopes. Histochemically, the presence of microglia (ramified, amoeboid and rod) and dendritic cells in the studied organs was detected, but only some of them demonstrated the expression of major histocompatibility complex, class I and II (MHC I, II) on their surfaces. Ultrastructural observations revealed immature morphology of part microglial cells, whereas their euchromatin nuclei maybe showed rather high transcription activity. The preliminary study of dendritic cells at ultrastructural level does not indicate pronounced changes. Abnormalities were mostly pronounced in pups born to alcohol-treated dams during pregnancy and during pregnancy and lactation. These observations suggest that microglia and dendritic cells may be regarded as early markers of alcohol-induced impairments. The reduced immune efficiency in animal FAS/FAE models may be due to both immaturity of these cells and low expression of MHC I and II molecules, which renders it difficult for microglial and dendritic cells to present foreign antigens to helper lymphocytes T, which delays the cascade of immune response.
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PMID:Dendritic and microglial cells in pups of alcohol-treated female rats. 1460 93

We report a newborn with fetal alcohol syndrome with severe feeding intolerance and failure to thrive due to pyloric stenosis. This illustrates the importance of early recognition of pyloric stenosis in fetal alcohol syndrome to improve nutrition and growth. We speculate that pyloric stenosis in neonates results from the absence or immaturity of intrinsic nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in the pyloric muscle in children of alcohol-addicted mothers.
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PMID:Fetal alcohol syndrome and pyloric stenosis: alcohol induced or an association? 1591 53