Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029713 (immaturity)
 4,335 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Diseases which manifest with the respiratory distress in the newborn include 1) respiratory diseases-IRDS, type II RDS, neonatal asphyxia, and MAS etc. 2) anemia, CHD 3) CNS and 4) metabolic diseases. Among these, IRDS has high mortality rate because of the lack of the pulmonary surfactant and immaturity of respiratory center, and has many difficult problems in terms of its prevention and respiratory management. The points of its respiratory management are as follows: 1) Estimation of the level of arterial oxygen ation-this is the most important point. It has become possible, these days, to monitor continuous oxygenation using a transcutaneous oxygen electrode. 2) Knowledge of the physiology & management of apnea, and monitoring of heart rate and respiration. 3) Correction of acidosis & anemia and the nutritional supply by the intraveonous fluid administration. 4) Airway maintenance. 5) Oxygen administration to main PaO2 or tc PO2 of 60--80 mmHg. 6) Artificial ventilation by CPAP or IMV and 7) The specific drug therapy includes indomethacin for PDA associated with IRDS, Tolazoline for the fetal circulation syndrome, and Xanthine derivatives for primary apnea. 8) However, improvement by exchange transfusion has been contro-versial. On the other hand, in the type II RDS which has a relatively good prognosis, the intact survival can be expected by means of the proper management of general condition and respiration. In MAS, pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum and severe asphyxia, the proper resuscitation, oxygen administration should be given according to several conditions, especially the degree of hypoxia. The peritoneal dialysis can be lifesaving in case of severe renal impairment with RD. As the respiratory distress in the newborn is very frequent in its occurrence and death rate, its proper management is expected to result in the decrease in the newborn death rate in Hokkaido (8.1--6.6 per 1,000 live births) and the increase in the survival rate without any handicap, particularly if hospitals in each Hokkaido district give the newborn medical care more intensively than at present.
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PMID:[Respiratory distress in the newborn (author's transl)]. 39 87

A 4 1/2-year-old cat had myeloproliferative disease characterized by severe anemia. Peripheral blood had a profusion of relatively normal-appearing nucleated erythroid cells in all stages of development and a few primitive cells with nucleoli. The term "erythremic myelosis" best described the appearance of the peripheral blood. Two weeks later, the peripheral blood picture was that of regenerative anemia. During the next 2 months the cat made an apparent clinical recovery without treatment, but relapsed 3 months after the initial examination. One-fourth of the cells in circulation at the time of relapse contained nucleoli and appeared identical to those described in reticuloendotheliosis in cats. This transition suggested the progressive development of a greater degree of immaturity of erythroid precusors with time. The use of the term "reticuloendotheliosis" in conjunction with feline myeloproliferative disease was considered and determined inappropriate.
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PMID:Feline myeloproliferative disease. Changing manifestations in the peripheral blood. 69 18

B19 infection offers some general lessons about human viruses and their possible effects on the human host, as follows: (1) Ubiquitous apparently benign viruses may have severe effects on a compromised host. The virus may be invariable but the host can have diverse susceptibilities. (2) B19 and some other human viruses (though for none is the evidence so clear as for B19) have narrowly targetted effects. The host cell of B19 is a specialised progenitor of mature red cells: impairment of the function of this cell by B19 may cause profound anaemia. (3) The 'normal' host response to B19 may also cause disease, though this is self limiting. (4) The effects of malfunction of the virus' target cell are exacerbated when the immune response is impaired by congenital or acquired immunodeficiency, immunosuppressive therapy or, in the case of the fetus, developmental immaturity that allows the virus to persist.
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PMID:Human B19 parvovirus infection: an example of multiple pathogenic effects determined by differences in host susceptibility. 134 9

Umbilical cord blood collected and cryopreserved at birth contains enough hematopoietic progenitor stem cells for engraftment. HLA identical sibling cord blood transplant has been performed for the first time, in a child with Fanconi anemia. Three years latter, this child is alive with a complete donor type bone marrow. Since this first attempt, several other patients with other diseases have been transplanted successfully. Cord blood banking is a safe and easy procedure. Due to the high proliferative capacity of neonatal hematopoietic progenitors and to the relative immunological functional immaturity of neonatal lymphocytes cord blood cells could be used for matched unrelated or partially mismatched transplants.
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PMID:Clinical applications of stem cell transfusion from cord blood and rationale for cord blood banking. 135 18

Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) is of interest to pediatric hematologists and neonatologists because it may prove to be an effective alternative to blood transfusions in preventing and treating anemia in premature infants. The anemia of prematurity is the most promising setting for initial clinical trials. However, it is conceivable that recombinant erythropoietin will be given at birth to low-birth-weight infants in an effort to stimulate endogenous erythropoiesis and thereby prevent some of the erythrocyte transfusions required to replace blood sampled for laboratory tests. Beyond its appeal as a therapeutic alternative to red blood cell transfusions, recombinant human erythropoietin is likely to be the first member of an entirely new class of drugs to be used widely in neonatal medicine. These are drugs produced by cloning normal human genes and expressing them in the laboratory. Because many of the problems of premature birth are caused by developmental immaturity, transiently replacing crucial proteins with exact copies produced by the techniques of recombinant DNA technology is an approach that may have a major impact on morbidity and mortality of neonates. Carefully designed, controlled clinical trials will be essential to determine the role of new agents like r-HuEPO in the treatment of medical problems of premature infants.
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PMID:Anemia of prematurity: progress and prospects. 217 57

Abnormal vaginal bleeding in perimenarchal females is usually attributed to immaturity of the hypothalmic/pituitary/gonadal axis (i.e., dysfunctional uterine bleeding). Iron deficiency as a cause for abnormal bleeding has been described, but is poorly understood. This case report describes a 13-year-old Hispanic female with iron deficiency anemia as a presumptive cause for two episodes of abnormal vaginal bleeding. Anemia may be a cause as well as an effect of menorrhagia in young teenagers. Work-up should include evaluation of tissue iron stores if other etiologies for abnormal bleeding are not found.
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PMID:Abnormal vaginal bleeding secondary to iron deficiency in a thirteen year old. 260 61

Fever is a prominent sign of an acute-phase response induced by microbial invasion, tissue injury, immunologic reactions, or inflammatory processes. This generalized host response is produced by a multiplicity of localized or systemic diseases and characterized by acute, subacute, or chronic changes in metabolic, endocrinologic, neurologic, and immunologic functions. The fundamental event is an initiation of the acute-phase response by the production of a mediated molecule called IL-1. This polypeptide is produced primarily from phagocytic cells such as blood monocytes, phagocytic lining cells of the liver and spleen, and other tissue macrophages. IL-1 produces a local reaction but also enters the circulation, acting as a hormone to mediate distant organ system responses to infection, immunologic reaction, and inflammatory processes. Fever is the result when IL-1 initiates the synthesis of prostaglandins, notably prostaglandin E2 in the thermoregulatory center located in the anterior hypothalamus. The thermostatic set point is then raised and mechanisms to conserve heat (vasoconstriction) and to produce heat (shivering) are initiated. The result is a sudden rise in body temperature. The same basic mechanisms are involved in FUO. Many of the biologic and biochemical changes that are seen in FUO are also evidence of an acute-phase response. The elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate is partly due to increased synthesis of hepatic proteins, including compliment components, ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein. IL-1 acts directly on the bone marrow to increase absolute numbers and immaturity of circulating neutrophils. Anemia is produced by many mechanisms, including the reduction of circulating serum iron. Although fever production in the elderly maybe delayed or of less intensity, it is still a marker of significant disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Fever of unknown origin in the elderly. 266 44

This investigation was to evaluated the characteristics and the outcome of pregnancy in young postpubertal girls and in other women of childbearing age. A retrospective analysis of 337 young postpubertal delivered mothers was compared with other parturient women in Sokoto University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria, during a 1-year period. Late booking was identified as the most important factor that directly affects the perinatal outcome in young postpubertal pregnant mothers. The problems of postpubertal pregnancy were highlighted in order to motivate individuals towards family planning. The striking features of the young postpubertal mothers in this study as in other reports were relatively low level of education, low socioeconomic status, and social and psychological immaturity. This analysis revealed a relatively low birth weight and low parity in the young adolescent mothers; this agrees with other studies. The high incidence of maternal and fetal complications contradicts some other reports that indicate that adolescent obstetrics present no greater challenge than obstetrics in general. Anemia and prematurity were common in the young mothers. The cesarean section rate was high and the main indication was cephalopelvic disproportion, with the greatest risk for women under 16, due to bone immaturity. For most developing countries of the world, especially where there is inadequate medical care, pregnancy and delivery in young postpubertal girls appear unsafe and must be discouraged through appropriate reproductive health care in the community.
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PMID:The implications of childbearing in postpubertal girls in Sokoto, Nigeria. 290 3

Two hundred infants of below 1501 g at birth were regularly examined with real time ultrasound using a 7.5 MHz transducer. Abnormalities were categorized as periventricular haemorrhage (PVH) (n = 107) or periventricular leucomalacia (PVL), with or without PVH (n = 52). Of the group with PVL, 25 had the appearances of prolonged flare without cavitation. Prospective assessments of up to 50 potential clinical risk factors were made wherever possible on each infant including stratification of all blood gas and systolic blood pressure data. Multivariate logistic regression analyses confirmed a strong correlation between immaturity and PVH but this was not found in cases of PVL. Independent variables associated with PVL included pneumothorax, maximum bilirubin concentration, surgery, and the proportion of time the infant's PaCO2 remained above 7 kPa. There was a very strong inverse correlation between anaemia and PVL. Systolic blood pressure data were carefully analysed and there was no relation between either hypotension or antepartum haemorrhage and the development of PVL.
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PMID:Clinical risk factors and periventricular leucomalacia. 334 45

Adolescent pregnancies are often considered pregnancies at risk due to the multiple medical concerns involved. Prenatal care begins with the confirmation of the pregnancy and then with various clinical examinations to determine the pregnancy's normalcy. However, one of the most important factors of early prenatal care is education. Normal psychological and physiological changes should be discussed with the patient. As the woman progresses with her pregnancy, prenatal visits should become more frequent. Lack of early prenatal care may result in complications further in pregnancy. Multiple studies have shown that adolescents may start prenatal care later than older women; this may be caused by denial of pregnancy or fear of abortion or medical procedures. Complications with labor due in part to lack of prenatal care may be: breech births resulting in greater morbidity and mortality; greater risk for caesarean section die to physical immaturity; and/or preeclamptic seizures. Complications associated with adolescent pregnancy include preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, and anemia. Contraception during the postpartum period is encouraged, especially among adolescent mothers, to prevent repeat unexpected pregnancies.
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PMID:Adolescent obstetrics. 360 39


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