Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mitochondrial chronic stress that originates from defective mitochondria is implicated in a growing list of human diseases. To enhance understanding of pathophysiology of chronic mitochondrial dysfunction we investigated human osteosarcoma cells with 2 types of chronic stress: corresponding to the mutation in ATP synthase subunit 6 encoded by mtDNA (NARP syndrome-mild stress) and to a total lack of mtDNA (Rho0 cells-heavy stress). We previously found that selenium influenced mitochondrial stress response and lowered ROS production. Therefore, in this study effect of selenite on other mitochondrial parameters was investigated. We showed that presence of selenium improved survival of starved cells, modified organization of mitochondrial network in NARP cybrids and decreased cytosolic calcium level in NARP and Rho0 cells. Selenium did not affect mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP level, activity of ATP synthase and activity of complex II of the respiratory chain.
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PMID:Effect of selenite on basic mitochondrial function in human osteosarcoma cells with chronic mitochondrial stress. 2174 63

Somatic mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been long proposed to drive the pathogenesis and progression of human malignancies. Previous investigations have revealed a high frequency of somatic mutations in the D-loop control region of mtDNA in osteosarcoma. However, little is known with regard to whether or not somatic mutations also occur in the coding regions of mtDNA in osteosarcoma. To test this possibility, in the present study we screened somatic mutations over the full-length mitochondrial genome of 31 osteosarcoma tumour tissue samples, and corresponding peripheral blood samples from the same cohort of patients. We detected a sum of 11 somatic mutations in the mtDNA coding regions in our series. Nine of them were missense or frameshift mutations that have the potential to hamper mitochondrial respiratory function. In combination with our earlier observations on the D-loop fragment, 71.0% (22/31) of patients with osteosarcoma carried at least one somatic mtDNA mutation, and a total of 40 somatic mutations were identified. Amongst them, 29 (72.5%) were located in the D-loop region, two (5%) were in the sequences of the tRNA genes, two (5%) were in the mitochondrial ATP synthase subunit 6 gene and seven (17.5%) occurred in genes encoding components of the mitochondrial respiratory complexes. In addition, somatic mtDNA mutation was not closely associated with the clinicopathological characteristics of osteosarcoma. Together, these findings suggest that somatic mutations are highly prevalent events in both coding and non-coding regions of mtDNA in osteosarcoma. Some missense and frameshift mutations are putatively harmful to proper mitochondrial activity and might play vital roles in osteosarcoma carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in Chinese patients with osteosarcoma. 2344 85