Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

After infection with Sendai virus or Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain F, human osteosarcoma MG63 cells produced large amounts of interferon-beta. Both interferon production and overall protein synthesis were strongly inhibited by hypertonic salt. Interferon mRNA synthesis, however, was little affected by hypertonic salt up to twice normal salt concentrations, although cellular RNA synthesis was inhibited under these conditions. The results are compared to those obtained with polyriboinosinic acid: polyribocytidylic acid copolymer [poly(rI) . poly(rC)] inductions of MG63 cells.
J Gen Virol 1982 Mar
PMID:The effect of hypertonic salt on interferon and interferon mRNA synthesis in human MG63 cells. 617 28

To probe the mechanism by which intracellular ATP, Na+, and Cl- influence the activity of the NaK2Cl cotransporter, we measured bumetanide-sensitive (BS) 86Rb fluxes in the osteosarcoma cell line UMR-106-01. Under physiological gradients of Na+, K+, and Cl-, depleting cellular ATP by incubation with deoxyglucose and antimycin A (DOG/AA) for 20 min at 37 degrees C reduced BS 86Rb uptake from 6 to 1 nmol/mg protein per min. Similar incubation with 0.5 mM ouabain to inhibit the Na+ pump had no effect on the uptake, excluding the possibility that DOG/AA inhibited the uptake by modifying the cellular Na+ and K+ gradients. Loading the cells with Na+ and depleting them of K+ by a 2-3-h incubation with ouabain or DOG/AA increased the rate of BS 86Rb uptake to approximately 12 nmol/mg protein per min. The unidirectional BS 86Rb influx into control cells was approximately 10 times faster than the unidirectional BS 86Rb efflux. On the other hand, at steady state the unidirectional BS 86Rb influx and efflux in ouabain-treated cells were similar, suggesting that most of the BS 86Rb uptake into the ouabain-treated cells is due to K+/K+ exchange. The entire BS 86Rb uptake into ouabain-treated cells was insensitive to depletion of cellular ATP. However, the influx could be converted to ATP-sensitive influx by reducing cellular Cl- and/or Na+ in ouabain-treated cells to impose conditions for net uptake of the ions. The BS 86Rb uptake in ouabain-treated cells required the presence of Na+, K+, and Cl- in the extracellular medium. Thus, loading the cells with Na+ induced rapid 86Rb (K+) influx and efflux which, unlike net uptake, were insensitive to cellular ATP. Therefore, we suggest that ATP regulates a step in the turnover cycle of the cotransporter that is required for net but not K+/K+ exchange fluxes. Depleting control cells of Cl- increased BS 86Rb uptake from medium-containing physiological Na+ and K+ concentrations from 6 to approximately 15 nmol/mg protein per min. The uptake was blocked by depletion of cellular ATP with DOG/AA and required the presence of all three ions in the external medium. Thus, intracellular Cl- appears to influence net uptake by the cotransporter. Depletion of intracellular Na+ was as effective as depletion of Cl- in stimulating BS 86Rb uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
J Gen Physiol 1993 Jun
PMID:Regulatory interaction of ATP Na+ and Cl- in the turnover cycle of the NaK2Cl cotransporter. 839 31

The expression of both epidermal growth factor (EGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and of their receptors (EGFR and PDGFR) was immunohistochemically examined in 37 cases of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, immunostaining for p53 protein and Ki-67 antigen by MIB-1 was carried out and compared with the above results. EGFR (81%) expressed more often than EGF (51%) and the expression of EGF and EGFR, and PDGF and PDGFR were recognized in 49% and 38%, respectively. In eleven cases (30%), the expression of both growth factors and their receptors was combined. Anaplastic osteosarcoma showed higher MIB-1 index than osteoblastic and fibroblastic subtypes (P < 0.05). High grade osteosarcomas (G3 and G4) revealed higher MIB-1 index compared with low grade tumors (G1 and G2). PDGF positive tumors (MIB-1 index: 20.0) showed significantly higher proliferation compared with PDGF negative tumors (MIB-1 index: 6.5) (P < 0.01). Five out of 37 cases (13.5%) showed positive immunoreaction for p53. There was no correlation of p53 status with MIB-1 index and the expression of growth factors or their receptors. Our results suggest that PDGF expression may be an important mediator of cell proliferation control, via an autocrine mechanism, in human osteosarcoma.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1995 Oct
PMID:Expression of growth factors and their receptors in human osteosarcomas. Immunohistochemical detection of epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor and their receptors: its correlation with proliferating activities and p53 expression. 854

A sacrococcygeal case of clear cell meningioma in a 38-year-old man is reported. Compared to the seven spinal clear cell meningiomas described so far, this case demonstrated the highest recurrency rate. Multiple recurrences were most likely due to the extensive infiltrative growth pattern of the tumor hindering complete microscopic surgical resection. Histologic parameters were not relevant to predict recurrences, since cellular anaplasia was lacking and growth fraction was low in the first operation and all subsequent recurrences. In view of what is now known of clear cell meningiomas, the tumor showed all histologic and immunohistochemical features which are typical for this tumor entity. However, the tumor was first diagnosed by capable pathologists and neuropathologists as fibroma-like mesenchymal tumor, metastatic renal carcinoma, chordoma, chondroma untypical osteosarcoma, and microcystic meningioma. Correct diagnosis was made by electron microscopy which has revealed comparable findings to those of other rare electron microscopical cases reported so far; high content of cytoplasmic glycogen diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm or aggregated within vacuoles, intermediate filaments, desmosomes, interdigitation of cell membranes and large amounts of collagen fibers, some of which were of the giant amianthoid type. Since meningiomatous features of clear cell meningiomas are not obvious light microscopically and the tumors may be confused with nonmeningiomatous neoplasms, electron microscopical investigation is highly recommended in each case of suspected clear cell meningioma.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Mar
PMID:Clear cell meningioma: report of a spinal case. 870 92

The thirteenth case of an intracortical osteosarcoma is presented. According to the authors' knowledge, this case appears to be the first report of an intracortical low grade osteosarcoma of the fibrous dysplasia-like variant in the femur. All other cases (except one small cell variant) reported in the literature were histologically diagnosed as high grade osteoblastic or sclerotic variants. The finding of both a low grade and a small cell variant of osteosarcoma supports the concept that intracortical osteosarcoma rather represents a distinct entity defined by location than an early detected conventional medullary osteosarcoma.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Mar
PMID:Intracortical low grade osteosarcoma. A unique case and review of the literature on intracortical osteosarcoma. 870 94

We report the case of a 57-year-old woman with an unusually fast-growing and destructive osteoblastic tumor affecting the left humeral head. On histopathologic examination, most of the initial tumor revealed the characteristic morphologic features of a benign-appearing aggressive osteoblastoma. Based upon the presence of a few small scattered areas composed of atypical osteoblasts in abundant lace-like osteoid showing vascular permeation, the definitive diagnosis was that of an osteoblastoma with focal malignant transformation to well-differentiated osteosarcoma. Molecular biologic analysis revealed a splice mutation at the exon 5 donor site of the p53 gene, clearly indicating a malignant potential of the tumor. The proximal third of the humerus was resected en bloc and replaced by an uncemented modular endoprosthesis. Five months after surgery, an extensive local soft tissue recurrence occurred. Eight months postoperatively, a further massive recurrent tumor had developed an multiple pulmonary metastases became evident. Chemotherapy caused a marked decrease in the size of the soft tissue recurrences and the lung metastases showed no further increase of their number and size. Osteoblastomas with conversion to osteosarcoma should be considered a separate clinicopathologic tumor entity to be distinguished from genuine osteosarcoma. All cases of malignantly transformed conventional and aggressive osteoblastomas reported to date have shown a conversion to low- or high-grade osteosarcomas only in recurrent tumors. The present case supports the concept that osteoblastomas may primarily undergo early malignant transformation. Osteoblastomas with conversion to osteosarcoma require an aggressive surgical approach followed by chemotherapy in the hope of prolonging life expectancy or obtaining a cure.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 May
PMID:Aggressive osteoblastoma with focal malignant transformation and development of pulmonary metastases. A case report with a review of literature. 878 Sep 39

In this study, we analyzed the spectrum of p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations in 40 highly malignant osteosarcomas, one osteosarcoma metastasis, and one osteoblastoma with malignant transformation. Using predominantly formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded material, we performed polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis of exons 4-8 and direct sequencing. Molecular genetic findings were correlated with immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein. A total of eight alterations (19%) were identified. Two splice mutations were detected in one case of a highly malignant osteosarcoma and its metastasis, and in one osteoblastoma with focal malignant transformation. Four of the mutations were missense mutations, one was of the silent type. These data correspond to the results found in the literature on bone and soft tissue tumors. Therefore, retrospective studies of p53 gene turn out to be quite appropriate for molecular biologic examinations.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1996 Jun
PMID:Mutation spectrum of p53 gene in highly malignant human osteosarcomas. 879 83

One important mechanism by which multidrug resistance is mediated is the mdr1 gene product, P-glycoprotein (Pgp). Even though chemotherapy, in the treatment of high grade central osteosarcoma (hgc-OS), has led to dramatic improvements in survival rate, a certain percentage of patients still show only a poor response to chemotherapy. To further characterize a potential connection between Pgp and chemotherapy as well as the role of Pgp in tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma, we analyzed Pgp-expression in hcg-OS. Immunohistochemistry was performed on 68 hgc-OS samples from 58 patients using the monoclonal antibody JSB-1; in addition, Pgp-expression in normal bone cells was studied in 5 human epiphyseal growth plates. 70.5% of all cases stained positive for P-glycoprotein, while 29.5% of the cases were negative. Cases investigated after chemotherapy showed a higher incidence (82.9%) of positive P-glycoprotein immunostaining than cases prior to chemotherapy (64.4%). The Pgp-expression of 34 biopsies was compared with chemotherapy, as determined at the surgical specimen. In these cases, however, no correlation could be established between P-glycoprotein expression of the biopsy and the later response to chemotherapy. 48.4% of the cases with biopsies, initially positive for Pgp, showed a good response in the surgical specimen, while only 27.2% of Pgp-positive biopsies were later classified as non-responders. In the normally growing skeleton, positive immunostaining was detected in the area of mineralization of epiphyseal growth plates. Osteoclasts, hypertrophic chondrocytes, and cuboidal osteoblasts showed Pgp-expression, while there was a lack of Pgp in the majority of osteocytes and chondrocytes in the resting and proliferating zone. These data therefore suggest that P-glycoprotein expression in hgc-OS resembles, at least in part, the phenotype of active bone cells. These results may explain why P-glycoprotein, by using immunohistochemistry, in biopsies of osteosarcomas is insufficient to predict the response to chemotherapy.
Gen Diagn Pathol 1997 Jun
PMID:P-glycoprotein expression in high grade central osteosarcoma and normal bone cells. An immunohistochemical study. 922 55

Efficient gene delivery of a baculovirus-derived vector (BV-p53-lacZ) to a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line, Saos-2, was serendipitously found while evaluating the vector for gene delivery to human p53-null tumour cells in a previous study. Therefore, we investigated other human, rat and mouse osteogenic sarcoma and other types of tumour cell lines for transduction efficiency via baculovirus vectors containing a lacZ reporter gene under the control of either a cytomegalovirus or Rous sarcoma virus promoter. The expression of beta-galactosidase protein, assessed by X-Gal staining and beta-galactosidase ELISA, demonstrated an extremely high level of transduction efficiency in some osteogenic sarcoma cell lines, such as U-2OS, Saos-2 and Saos-LM2. These human osteogenic sarcoma cell lines showed levels of beta-galactosidase expression 5-40 times greater than HepG2 cells, which were previously thought to be the mammalian cells most susceptible to baculovirus-mediated gene delivery. The level of acetylated histone proteins in these tumour lines did not correlate well with the high level of reporter gene expression. These results strongly suggest that some osteogenic sarcoma cells are highly susceptible to baculovirus-mediated gene delivery and that a baculovirus-derived vector is an efficient gene delivery vehicle into human osteogenic sarcoma cells.
J Gen Virol 2003 Mar
PMID:Effective transduction of osteogenic sarcoma cells by a baculovirus vector. 1260 22

The ideal treatment of localized cancer should directly cause an irreversible and complete death of tumor cells without damage to surrounding normal tissue. High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is such a potential treatment, which induces a complete coagulative necrosis of a tumor at depth through the intact skin. The idea that using an extracorporeal source of therapeutic ultrasound was introduced more than 50 years ago [J. Gen. Physiol. 26 (1942) 179]. However, up to now, most of the studies on HIFU have been dealing with animal experiments because this extracorporeal technique is very complicated in clinical applications. The purpose of this study is to introduce Chinese clinical experience of using extracorporeal HIFU for the treatment of patients with various kinds of solid tumor. From December 1997 to October 2001, a total of 1038 patients with solid tumors underwent HIFU ablation in China. Among them, 313 patients were treated at the Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, China. Pathological examination showed that the target region presented clear evidence of cellular destruction. Small blood vessels less than 2 mm in diameter were severely damaged. Follow-up diagnostic imaging revealed that there was no, or reduced, blood supply, and no uptake of radioisotope in the treated tumor after HIFU, both indicating a positive therapeutic response and an absence of viable tumor. Imaging at 6-12 months showed obvious regression of the lesion. Four-year follow-up data were significantly observed in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, osteosarcoma, and breast cancer. An extremely low major complication rate was noted. It is concluded that HIFU ablation is a safe, effective, and feasible modality for the ablation of carcinomas.
 ...
PMID:Extracorporeal high intensity focused ultrasound ablation in the treatment of 1038 patients with solid carcinomas in China: an overview. 1508 72


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