Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We performed a detailed investigation of N-glycan structures on BM-40 purified from different sources including human bone, human platelets, mouse Engelbreth-Holm-Swarm (EHS) tumor, and human BM-40 recombinantly expressed in 293 and osteosarcoma cells. These preparations were digested with endoglycosidases and N-glycans were further characterized by sequential exoglycosidase digestion and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. Bone BM-40 carries high-mannose structures as well as biantennary complex type N-glycans, whereas the protein from platelets and 293 cells has exclusively bi- and triantennary complex type structures. BM-40 derived from the EHS tumor carries biantennary complex type and additional hybrid structures. Using the osteosarcoma-derived MHH-ES1 cell line we successfully expressed a recombinant BM-40 that bears at least in part the bone-specific high-mannose N-glycosylation in addition to complex type and hybrid structures. Using chromatography on Concanavalin-A Sepharose, we further purified a fraction enriched in high-mannose structures. This array of differentially glycosylated BM-40 proteins was assayed by surface plasmon resonance measurements to investigate the binding to collagen I. BM-40 carrying high-mannose structures binds collagen I with higher affinity, suggesting that differentially glycosylated forms may have different functional roles in vivo.
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PMID:Structural variability of BM-40/SPARC/osteonectin glycosylation: implications for collagen affinity. 1504 89

Apparently synchronous, aggressive, mixed mesenchymal tumors in the right tibia, right femur, left femur, and rib cage produced multiple microscopic metastases in the lungs and macroscopic metastases in the liver, kidney, and spleen in a 1.5-year-old, neutered male, mixed-breed dog. No primary soft tissue tumor mass was present. Microscopically, the neoplasm exhibited osteosarcomatous, chondrosarcomatous, liposarcomatous, leiomyosarcomatous, fibrosarcomatous, angiosarcomatous, and leukocytic differentiation and was diagnosed as a multipotential osteosarcoma with various mesenchymal differentiation. Immunohistochemically, the neoplasm was cytoplasmically immunoreactive for vimentin, osteonectin, osteocalcin, CD 18, CD 31, desmin, and muscle-specific actin. Oil Red O staining was positive within liposarcomatous areas. Skeletal metastases from a primary bone tumor are exceedingly rare in human and veterinary medicine. However, the history, clinical signs, location, microscopic and immunohistochemical features were similar to those described in aggressive, poorly differentiated osteosarcomas of children. In addition, the wide range of mesenchymal tissue differentiation of this neoplasm was unusual, and to the authors' knowledge, an osteosarcoma with this degree of multiple differentiation has not been previously reported in the dog.
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PMID:Multipotential osteosarcoma with various mesenchymal differentiations in a young dog. 1513 75

Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that commonly affects adolescents and young adults. In the present study a human osteosarcoma cell line, KTHOS, was established from a primary osteosarcoma lesion in the distal femur of a 16-year-old girl. After 106 passages, the KTHOS cell line retained the biological characteristics of osteosarcoma. The KTHOS cells had spindle to pleomorphic cytoplasm with round to ovoid nuclei containing multiple prominent nucleoli, as expected based on the mesodermic origin of osteoblasts. The KTHOS cells were immunoreactive for osteocalcin, osteonectin, stem cell factor (SCF), and KIT (CD117). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction indicated that the KTHOS cell line expressed mRNA for SCF and KIT. The KTHOS cells produced relatively high amounts of soluble SCF as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results suggest that cell proliferation of the KTHOS cell line might be involved in autocrine and/or paracrine loops of the SCF/KIT signaling system. The KTHOS cell line is a novel human osteosarcoma cell line that releases SCF and expresses KIT. This cell line can be used for studies to explore the mechanisms for oncogenesis of human osteosarcomas.
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PMID:Establishment and characterization of a KIT-positive and stem cell factor-producing cell line, KTHOS, derived from human osteosarcoma. 1569 48

Osteosarcoma, a primary malignant tumor of the long bones, frequently metastasizes to the lungs. We report an unusual case of osteosarcoma metastatic to the right adrenal gland in a 37-yr-old male who presented 8 yr after remission with an adrenal mass. A preoperative diagnosis was made by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. FNA biopsy revealed pleomorphic oval cells with prominent nucleoli, spindle cells, and giant tumor cells. Diagnostic osteoid was readily seen on smears and was also detected by polarization of cell-block section. Immunocytochemical stains revealed positivity of tumor cells for vimentin and osteonectin. Cytokeratin stains were negative. The cytologic diagnosis of metastatic Osteosarcoma was made, which was later confirmed upon resection of tumor by histology. Although the role of FNA in the diagnosis of primary bone tumors, including osteogenic sarcoma (OGS), remains controversial, this case, however, demonstrates the value of FNA biopsy combined with immunocytochemistry performed on the aspirated material in diagnosing osteosarcoma from an unusual location such as the adrenal gland.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma metastatic to adrenal gland diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration. 1607 43

Zoledronic acid (ZOL) has been shown to reduce osteolysis in bone metastasis. Its efficacy in osteosarcoma has not been convincingly proved in a clinically relevant model for the disease. In vitro, ZOL decreased osteosarcoma cell proliferation, mainly due to an increase in apoptosis in a dose-dependent fashion. There was a decrease in cell migration at >or=10 micromol/L concentrations, but invasion was inhibited at a much lower dose of 0.1 micromol/L. Reverse transcription-PCR showed that ZOL overall caused an increased expression of osteocalcin and decreased expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, osteonectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor, with no change in expression of osteoprotegerin. ZOL administration s.c. twice weekly at 0.12 mg/kg to SaOS-2 tumor-bearing mice resulted in primary tumor growth inhibition, reduction in lung metastases, and dramatic decrease in osteolysis. Furthermore, in the ZOL cohort, there was a clear reduction in the number of osteoclasts in bone exposed to tumor and a lower tumor vessel density. These data point to the adjuvant potential of ZOL in the management of osteosarcoma not only for its antiosteolytic properties but also for its ability to directly halt tumor cell growth and metastasis via its effects on viability, invasion, differentiation, and angiogenesis.
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PMID:Zoledronic acid inhibits osteosarcoma growth in an orthotopic model. 1808 20

A 42-year-old woman presented a large, nontender, quickly progressive mass in the left mandible. Radiograph showed extensive destruction of the angle, posterior body, and ramus of the left side of the mandible. The patient was surgically treated by hemimandibulectomy. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of large epithelioid cells, many of them showing polarized nuclei, and evident eosinophilic cytoplasm. The predominant pattern was trabecular, and rosette-like structures were also observed. Typical osteoid-containing cells surrounded by malignant cells were found in a few areas. Immunohistochemistry for a large panel of antibodies showed positivity for osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin, VS38c, and S-100. CD34 saliented the hemangiopericytoma-like distribution of the blood vessels. Collagen I was focally positive for the extracellular matrix and malignant osteoid. All other markers were negative, including vimentin and cytokeratins. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of epithelioid osteosarcoma affecting the mandible and the second case affecting the jaws that has been reported in the literature.
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PMID:Epithelioid osteosarcoma of the mandible: a rare case with unusual immunoprofile. 1823 Mar 78

The objective of this study was to investigate the surface modification of a natural bone substitute, Bio-Oss, coated with a synthetic polymer poly-D,L-lactide (PLA), in order to improve cell growth. Bio-Oss is a natural bone substitute made of the mineralized portion of bovine bone. The material is used mainly to fill bone defects in periodontal and maxillofacial surgery and permit reossification. Poly-a-hydroxyacids such as polylactic acid are receiving an increasing attention due to their ability to retain a great quantity of water, good biocompatibility, low interfacial tension, and minimal mechanical and frictional irritation. All of these features are appealing from the perspective of bioenvironmental mimicking. The human osteosarcoma cell line SAOS-2 was added to the top of scaffolds uncoated or coated with PLA and incubated at 37 degrees in 5% CO(2) for 15 days. PLA-coated scaffolds improved cell growth. Polymer degradation behaviour, extraction and measurement of the extracellular matrix proteins of the cultured scaffolds (such as decorin, fibronectin osteocalcin, osteonectin, osteopontin and type-I and type-III collagen), immunolocalization of bone proteins and morphological analysis of the scaffolds confirmed the bioactive properties of Bio-Oss/PLA4M suggesting that it could be a valuable grafting material.
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PMID:Improved cell growth by Bio-Oss/PLA scaffolds for use as a bone substitute. 1921 36

Establishing a canine osteosarcoma (OSA) cell line can be useful to develop in vivo and in vitro models of OSA. The goal of this study was to develop, characterize and authenticate a new canine OSA cell line and a clone. A cell line and a clone were developed with standard cell culture techniques from a naturally occurring OSA in a dog. The clonal cell line induced a tumour after injection in RAG 1-deficient mouse. Histology was consistent with OSA. The original tumour from the dog and the tumour induced in the mouse were both reactive with vimentin and osteonectin (ON). The parent cell line and clonal cell line were reactive with ON, osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. Loss of heterozygosity was found in the same three microsatellite markers in the parent and clonal cell lines, and the tumour tissue grown in the mouse.
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PMID:Development of a new canine osteosarcoma cell line. 1975 7

Bone matrix (BM) is an acellular crosslinked porcine-derived cancellous bone graft, and therefore may provide advantages over other synthetic and naturally derived materials for use in orthopaedic surgery. Here, we analysed the potential of BM to support the growth and differentiation of primary human multipotent stromal cells/mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in order to predict in vivo bone regeneration events. Imaging with laser scanning confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that 1 day after static seeding, a dense population of viable MSCs could be achieved on scaffolds suggesting they could be used for in vivo delivery of cells to the implant site. Long-term growth analysis by confocal imaging and histology demonstrated that BM was permissive to the growth and the 3D population of primary MSCs and an enhanced green fluorescent protein expressing osteosarcoma cell line, eGFP.MG63s, over several days in culture. Measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities and mRNA expression levels of osteogenic markers (Runx-2, ALP, collagen type I, osteonectin, osteocalcin and osteopontin) indicated that BM supported osteogenesis of MSCs when supplemented with osteogenic stimulants. Upregulation of some of these osteogenic markers on BM, but not on tissue culture plastic, under non-osteogenic conditions suggested that BM also had osteoinductive capacities.
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PMID:Generating 3D tissue constructs with mesenchymal stem cells and a cancellous bone graft for orthopaedic applications. 2135 28

The expression of osteonectin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in 57 cases of osteoid-forming and non-osteoid-forming bone tumours using specific polyclonal antibodies and the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex method. A positive immunostaining was found in all of the osteoid-forming rumours (osteoblastoma and osteosarcoma), both in the cells and in the extracellular matrix. Among non-osteoid-forming tumours, immunoreactivity to noncollagenous proteins was present in the cells but not in the matrix of chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma, as well as in the mononuclear component of giant-cell rumours. Contrary to small-cell osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma was always negative for all of the noncollagenous proteins considered. These results suggest that the immunohistochemical evaluation of noncollagenous proteins of bone may be a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of bone neoplasms, particularly among the heterogeneous group of small round cell tumours.
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PMID:Value of immunohistochemical detection of noncollagenous proteins of bone for the diagnosis of bone tumours. 2154 9


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