Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Genetically engineered human osteosarcoma cells containing developmental endothelial locus-1 (del-1) gene were studied for production of Del-1, a protein that has the properties of an extracellular matrix protein and can regulate vascular morphogenesis and remodeling. Del-1 has been studied as a potential anti-angiogenesis drug targeting solid tumors. In this study, osteosarcoma cells were cultured in a fibrous-bed bioreactor (FBB) to continuously produce Del-1. The FBB was constructed by packing a polyester fibrous matrix into a 1.5-l spinner flask. The effects of media composition, including the serum content in the medium, and dilution rate on cell growth, metabolism, and Del-1 production were studied. A gradual reduction of serum content from 10% (v/v) to 0.5% (v/v) caused no loss in Del-1 production. However, the production of Del-1 decreased significantly in a serum-free medium, suggesting some nutrients present in the serum were important to culture viability and Del-1 production. The continuous FBB culture was stable for long-term production of Del-1, with a higher Del-1 titer than that normally obtained in T-flask cultures and overall productivity similar to the total production from 300 25-cm(2) T-flasks. Reducing geneticin in the medium from 250 microg ml(-1) to zero at later culturing stages had no significant effect on Del-1 production. The FBB was operated for a period of more than 4 months without any notable degeneration, and reached a final cell density of 3 x 10(8) cells ml(-1) of packing volume with >90% cell viability. The good reactor performance can be attributed to the three-dimensional environment provided by the fibrous matrix that allows for efficient mass transfer and cell immobilization and growth. Scanning electron microscopic and confocal scanning laser microscopic studies of the cell-matrix showed that cells formed large aggregates in the fibrous matrix and cell density was relatively uniform in the matrix.
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PMID:A fibrous-bed bioreactor for continuous production of developmental endothelial locus-1 by osteosarcoma cells. 1205 80

Primary osteosarcoma of the breast is a rare malignant tumor. We report on an 80-year-old woman who presented with a right breast lump and a mammogram suggestive of carcinoma. The lesion was excised and histological features of the tumor were consistent with primary osteosarcoma. Due to insufficient resection margins, segmental mastectomy was performed to establish clear margins and failed to show any remaining tumor. There was no evidence of a separate primary tumor, and a metastatic work-up was unrevealing. We determined that primary treatment with segmental mastectomy was adequate and no further treatment was necessary. She remains disease free at 15 months.
Del Med J 2005 Jan
PMID:Primary osteosarcoma of the breast. 1574 48

TXN2 encodes human thioredoxin 2, a small redox protein important in cellular antioxidant defenses, as well as in the regulation of apoptosis. Txn2 knockout mice fail to complete neural tube closure by E10.5 and die in utero. We hypothesized that genetic variation in human TXN2 gene may alter the function of the encoded protein in a manner associated with an increased risk for neural tube defects (NTDs). A DNA re-sequencing effort of the human TXN2 gene was taken. After a variation in the promoter was identified, the transcriptional activity of different alleles was investigated. The possible association between these variations and the risk of spina bifida was further evaluated in a subset of samples obtained from a large population-based case-control study in California in two different ethnicity groups, non-Hispanic white and Hispanic white. We identified a novel promoter insertion polymorphism located 9 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site of exon 1(-9 insertion). The GA, G and GGGA insertions were associated with a marked decrease of transcriptional activity when overexpressed in both U2-OS (an osteosarcoma cell line) and 293 cells (derived from human embryonic kidney). Further analysis revealed that the GA insertion was associated with increased spina bifida risk for Hispanic whites. Our study revealed a novel Ins/Del polymorphism in the human TXN2 gene proximal promoter region that altered the transcriptional activity and is associated with spina bifida risk. This polymorphism may be a genetic modifier of spina bifida risk in this California population.
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PMID:Genetic polymorphisms in the thioredoxin 2 (TXN2) gene and risk for spina bifida. 1916

Osteosarcoma is the most frequent malignant disease of the bone. On the basis of early clinical experience in the 1960s with H-1 protoparvovirus (H-1PV) in osteosarcoma patients, this effective oncolytic virus was selected for systematic preclinical testing on various osteosarcoma cell cultures. A panel of five human osteosarcoma cell lines (CAL 72, H-OS, MG-63, SaOS-2, U-2OS) was tested. Virus oncoselectivity was confirmed by infecting non-malignant human neonatal fibroblasts and osteoblasts used as culture models of non-transformed mesenchymal cells. H-1PV was found to enter osteosarcoma cells and to induce viral DNA replication, transcription of viral genes, and translation to viral proteins. After H-1PV infection, release of infectious viral particles from osteosarcoma cells into the supernatant indicated successful viral assembly and egress. Crystal violet staining revealed progressive cytomorphological changes in all osteosarcoma cell lines. Infection of osteosarcoma cell lines with the standard H-1PV caused an arrest of the cell cycle in the G2 phase, and these lines had a limited capacity for standard H-1PV virus replication. The cytotoxicity of wild-type H-1PV virus towards osteosarcoma cells was compared in vitro with that of two variants, Del H-1PV and DM H-1PV, previously described as fitness variants displaying higher infectivity and spreading in human transformed cell lines of different origins. Surprisingly, wild-type H-1PV displayed the strongest cytostatic and cytotoxic effects in this analysis and thus seems the most promising for the next preclinical validation steps in vivo.
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PMID:Preclinical Testing of an Oncolytic Parvovirus: Standard Protoparvovirus H-1PV Efficiently Induces Osteosarcoma Cell Lysis In Vitro. 2903 46