Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The objectives of this study were to quantitate the effects of local tumor hyperthermia (LTH) and concomitant x-irradiation (RAD) on a moderately radioresistant murine fibrosarcoma in situ. Comparisons were made to the combined treatment response on the Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma, a radio sensitive tumor previously used in this laboratory and to establish the Meth-A fibrosarcoma as a model system for combined modality studies. 1.0 cm3 tumors were exposed to single doses of RAD ranging from 0.5-3.5 krad alone or 0.5-2.3 krad in combination with LTH (water bath at 43.1 +/- .05 C for 20 minutes) applied immediately postirradiation. LTH significantly enhanced the action of radiation as measured by tumor volume analysis, mean survival time and cures. The ratio of radiation doses vs. RAD + LTH required to produce an equivalent response ranged from 1.4 to 2.5 depending upon the endpoints evaluated. These findings are consistent with single dose studies on the radiosensitive Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma and suggest that the tumoricidal effectiveness of combination radiation and hyperthermia cannot be predicted on the basis of the radiation alone responsiveness of tumor.
Cancer 1978 Dec
PMID:Single dose X-irradiation and concomitant hyperthermia on a murine fibrosarcoma. 72 61

Histological and biochemical changes during calcitonin treatment have been studied in 15 patients with Paget's disease of bone. For each patient, osteoclast counts were made by the same observer on serial needle biopsies of diseased bone from the posterosuperior iliac spine. Serial estimations were also made of the serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline excretion. A total of 66 biopsies was examined (ranging from two to seven per patient). Osteoclast populations and the biochemical measurements were log normally distributed. During calcitonin treatment there was a statistically significant decrease in: (1) the total osteoclast count per square millimetre; (2) the number per square millimetre of osteoclasts in resorption cavities on the trabecular surface; (3) the relative proportion of osteoclasts sited in resorption cavities compared with total osteoclasts; (4) the serum alkaline phosphatase level; (5) 24-hour urinary hydroxyproline excretion. On stopping treatment there was a statistically significant increase in all of these histological and biochemical values except that the proportion of osteoclasts in resorption cavities remained low. The trabecular cement line pattern remained abnormal during and after treatment in all biopsies examined, and complete suppression of osteoclast activity was not observed. One of the patients developed a Paget's osteosarcoma while on calcitonin therapy.
J Clin Pathol 1978 Dec
PMID:Effect of calcitonin treatment on osteoclast counts in Paget's disease of bone. 74 91

If the study of tumor immunology is to have a profound impact on clinical medicine, certain hypotheses must be proven to be valid. First and foremost, it must be demonstrated that malignant tissue possesses antigenic substances (probably protein moieties) that are unique to that particular malignant process. In addition, these antigenic substances must be very similar in histologically similar tumors. Second, the host defense mechanisms must be capable of reacting to these tumor-associated antigens. The reaction is, of course, necessary in order to develop both diagnostic and therapeutic routes of application. The reaction of the immunologic system to these tumor-associated antigens could be monitored as an early serodiagnostic tool for subclinical cancer, and the cytotoxic reaction holds great promise as an immunotherapeutic tool. The essence of tumor immunologic research can thus be stated in the form of the following questions: 1. Do histologically similar cancers from identical primary sites share common tumor-associated antigens? 2. Does the immunologic system react to these antigens? 3. Can this reaction be assayed on one hand for serodiagnosis and augmented on the other for immunotherapy? Specific antigens have been found in animal tumors and have been divided into two classes: the viral induced tumors, which share common antigens when caused by the same viral agent, and carcinogen-induced tumors, which appear to have unique antigenic determinants for each tumor. In recent years a great many human tumors have been found to have tumor-associated antigens; these include colonic carcinoma, neuroblastoma, melanoma, soft tissue and osteogenic sarcoma, bladder carcinoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. This report includes evidence for the existence of such antigens in adenocarcinoma of the ovary and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. The laboratory evidence that has been presented would suggest that there are both a cell-mediated response and humoral response to the antigenic determinants of these two gynecologic cancers. It would appear that the mediated (lymphocyte) effect is considerably more cytotoxic and definitive than the humoral factors measured. In addition, the allogenic experiments would suggest strongly that indeed (at least with regard to these two cancers) histologically similar cancers from the same organ share common antigenic determinants. The identification and isolation of these tumor-associated antigens appears complex. The complexity is increased when one studies patients afflicted with these cancers for plasma carcinoembryonic antigens. This antigen, which was thought to be specific for adenocarcinoma of the colon, is found in the blood of a significant number of patients with adenocarcinoma of the ovary and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
Clin Obstet Gynecol 1975 Dec
PMID:Tumor-associated antigens in gynecologic cancer. 76 38

A human osteosarcoma clonal cell line (TE-85, clone F-5) was treated in vitro with various levels of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene or dimethyl sulfoxide (control). Cells treated only with the carcinogen underwent morphologic alteration in vitro, and one of these altered cell lines produced tumors subcutaneously and intracerebrally when injected into NIH nude mice.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1975 Dec
PMID:Transformation of human osteosarcoma cells by a chemical carcinogen. 81 9

Dunn osteosarcoma cells injected i.v. into tumor-free isogeneic C3H/He mice resulted in artificial pulmonary metastases, which were treated by cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days) or single thoracic X-ray doses of 1500 rads either 1 or 14 days after tumor cell injection. Compared to untreated controls, reduction in lung colony number and increase in life-span for the 1-day metastases were 56 and 46% for radiated mice, and 100 and greater than 367% for cyclophosphamide-treated mice. Corresponding values for 14-day metastases were 42, 26, 85, and 98%, respectively. Nine of 44 mice bearing 1-day metastases treated by cyclophosphamide are surviving greater than 340 days after treatment. Both treatments resulted in the extension of life-span and reduction of the number of lung colonies, and, in both modalities, there was a reduced antitumor effectiveness when treatment was withheld until the disease was more advanced.
Cancer Res 1975 Dec
PMID:Survival of mice with metastatic osteosarcoma treated by cyclophosphamide or radiotherapy. 105 4

The synthesis and biological activity of three 7-substituted actinomycin D derivatives are reported. Three such derivatives, 7-nitro-, 7-amino-, and 7-hydroxyactinomycin D, were synthesized via new methods which were first tested successfully with a chromophore model system. Of these, 7-nitro- and 7-aminoactinomycin D were assayed for growth inhibitory activity against mammalian cells (CCRF-CEM human lymphoblastic leukemia) in vitro and against the Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma and the L1210, P1534, and P388 murine leukemias in vivo. In these systems, the inhibitory activity of the 7-substituted analogs was comparable to actinomycin D. In two bacterial systems ( (L. casei and L. arabinosus) in vitro, on the other hand, these compounds showed inhibitory profiles which are distinctly different from actinomycin D. These studies demonstrate that substitution at the 7 position, which does not interfere with DNA binding, is capable of yielding experimental antitumor agents with significant activity against a variety of tumors.
J Med Chem 1975 Dec
PMID:7-substituted actinomycin D analogs. Chemical and growth-inhibitory studies. 105 73

Radiation-induced osteosarcoma, its metastasis, and cells grown in tissue culture were karyotyped. Both hypodiploid and hyperdiploid stem lines were observed. The hypodiploid line contained 45-55 chromosomes with 10-15 abnormal metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and one subtelocentric marker. The hyperdiploid line contained 90-105 chromosomes with 20-30 abnormal metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes with two subtelocentric markers. Karyotypic analysis can be used to monitor osteosarcomas maintained in tissue culture.
Transplant Proc 1975 Dec
PMID:Canine osteosarcoma karyotypes from an original tumor, its metastasis, and tumor cells in tissue culture. 106 Feb 10

A 38-year-old man was in a state of poor oral hygiene, with multiple broken carious teeth and diffuse inflammatory hyperplasia of the gingival tissues. A mandibular, alveolar soft tissue mass in the premolar-molar region was noted on the right side, in continuity with the gingival hyperplasia. Biopsy of the lesion ruled out a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent extraction of his teeth, and all hyperplastic tissues including the tumefaction were excised. Five months later, the patient had a recurrent mass in the same location that was removed via hemimandibulectomy. The mass was diagnosed as a parosteal osteogenic sarcoma.
Arch Otolaryngol 1975 Dec
PMID:Parosteal osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible, Existence masked by diffuse periodontal inflammation. 106 Apr 41

Osteogenic sarcoma is the most common malignant tumor of the mandible. It is less aggressive than osteogenic sarcoma of the long bones, and mortality is often due to local persistence or intracranial extension. We report such a case to emphasize that disarticulation of the mandible is necessary, since clinical and pathologic evaluation of tumor extent may be impossible. Except for parasymphysial lesions, disarticulation with midline hemimandibulectomy and frozen section assessment of all margins is recommended.
Arch Otolaryngol 1975 Dec
PMID:Surgical management of osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible. 106 Apr 42

The histologic and clinical characteristics of 54 patients with osteosarcoma are reviewed. The association of rapid linear bone growth with the occurrence of this tumor is confirmed, and evidence for increased growth in these adolescent patients is presented. A significant increase in female survival is seen in this study, and the literature relevant to gender and survival is reviewed. A histologic characterization of six predominant tumor patterns is presented with correlation to survival. Increased survival is seen with two specific histologic patterns, but there is great variability in the histology and sampling of osteosarcomas, and the series is small.
Cancer 1975 Dec
PMID:Prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. A review of 20 year's experience at the University of Pittsburgh Health Center Hospitals. 106 May 6


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>