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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metastases of osteosarcomas do not grow according to a simple exponential function, but rather according to a type of Gompertz' function where flattening with a tendency toward plateau formation sets in after a certain time. This deviation from an exponential growth type corresponds to a substantial increase in the initial tumor size--doubling time. The metastasis doubles in the period after its transfer faster than when it first becomes visible in an x-ray. Another important conclusion resulting from the use of the Gompertz model is the assumption of a tumor-specific maximum volume which cannot be exceeded over a period of infinite growth. For lung metastases of osteosarcoma this volume amounts to approximately 120 cm3. The critical volume which kills the host is, at 70 to 80 cm3, relatively close to this theoretical growth limit (only approximately one cell division below this limit). If a metastasis develops from a single cell, the number of divisions up to this point is approximately 46. Of these, 38 lie within the growth zone which is not visible via x-ray. Since cell-cycle specific agents (for example Vincristin and Methotrexate) have the greatest effect against rapidly proliferating tumors, these drugs (for example alkylantic drugs) are especially effective in the case of slowly proliferating neoplasms. Therefore, use of these drugs should be favored when the metastasis is visible in the x-ray. Since occasionally, particular when the primary tumor is still relatively small, metastasization may not necessarily have already taken place, radical operation of the primary tumor should be carried out as soon as possible. A preliminary irradiation of the primary tumor cannot prevent metastasization with certainty. Therefore delayed amputation should be avoided.
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb 1977 Dec
PMID:[On the growth characteristics of human osseous sarcoma metastases: mathematical calculations and clinical consequences (author's transl)]. 27 86

Giant-cell tumor of the jaw presents difficulty in diagnosis. It is rare in the head and neck regions and may resemble, clinically and histologically, other types of jaw lesion. However, histologic study may distinguish this lesion from a giant-cell granuloma, an osteogenic sarcoma, and most epulides. Adequate surgical excision with a long-term follow-up is the recommended treatment of choice.
Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1978 Dec
PMID:Giant-cell tumor of the maxilla. Report of a case. 28 40

A multifactorial analysis was performed on all 153 unequivocal cases of genuine osteosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968. Cases of so-called parosteal osteosarcoma, soft-tissue osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma secondary to Paget's disease of bone were not included. The osteosarcomas were subclassified as follows: osteoblastic (69 per cent), chondroblastic (19 per cent) and fibroblastic (12 per cent). The overall 5-year survival rate was 22 per cent; 55 per cent for those who had undergone amputation above the joint proximal to the involved skeletal part, 22 per cent for those amputated on the involved skeletal part, 11 per cent for those treated with local extirpation of the tumor, and 1 per cent in cases in which the lesion was not radically removed. Tumors of the femur, humerus and scapula were as malignant as axial tumors. The former carried a 5-year survival rate of 13 per cent, regardless of whether the patients had been treated with exarticulation or amputation on the involved skeletal part. Patients with axial tumors showed a 5-year survival rate of 15 per cent. These survival data suggest that proximal amputation alone might suffice for lesions situated distally to the knee and elbow joints, while tumors in the humerus and femur should be treated with amputation combined with multicytostatic treatment or immunotherapy and axial tumors with local resection and multicytostatic or immunologic treatment.
Acta Orthop Scand 1978 Dec
PMID:Osteosarcoma. A multifactorial clinical and histopathological study with special regard to therapy and survival. 28 71

Of the 242 cases of osteosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968 only one was found to represent telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Another case was recently diagnosed in our department. The characteristic morphologic features of these neoplasms were anaplastic stroma, high mitotic activity, osteoid-formation, widely anastomosing blood spaces, and alkaline phosphatase activity. The experience gathered indicates that telangiectatic osteosarcoma constitutes a histopathologic variant of genuine osteosarcoma with a serious prognosis, necessitating the same kind of treatment as for the genuine tumour.
Acta Orthop Scand 1978 Dec
PMID:Telangiectatic osteosarcoma. 28 72

A 13-year-old female with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria, who developed an osteosarcoma of the right chest wall, is reported. This is the first reported association of a malignant neoplasm with this syndrome.
J Med Genet 1978 Dec
PMID:Osteosarcoma in a patient with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria. 28 34

Primary osteosarcoma of the fifth sternebra is reported in a 6-year-old male Great Dane. Presenting signs were suggestive of myocarditis and pulmonary congestion. Electrocardiography revealed R waves of low and variable amplitude and the plasma alpha-hydroxibutyrate dehydrogenase level was elevated. Radiography revealed neoplasia of the fifth sternebra with extensive bilaterial pulmonary metastases. Histologically the neoplasm showed typical osteosarcoma with plentiful osteoid production.
Aust Vet J 1978 Dec
PMID:Primary osteosarcoma of the sternum of a dog. 28 60

Levels of alkaline phosphatase were measured in the primary tumor of 26 patients with osteosarcoma. One of seven patients with a tissue alkaline phosphatase level less than 0.6 microM/min/mg developed pulmonary metastases. In contrast, 16 or 17 patients with a tissue alkaline phosphatase level greater than 0.6 microM/min/mg developed pulmonary metastases. It thus appears that tissue alkaline phosphatase levels of primary osteosarcomas are strongly correlated with prognosis (p less than .01).
Cancer 1979 Dec
PMID:Alkaline phosphatase levels in osteosarcoma tissue are related to prognosis. 29 11

Fifteen patients with osteogenic sarcoma receiving high-dose methotrexate chemotherapy were studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral and smoked delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as an antiemetic. Each patient served as his or her own control. Fourteen of 15 patients had a reduction in nausea and vomiting on THC as compared to placebo. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol was significantly more effective than placebo in reducing the number of vomiting and retching episodes, degree of nausea, duration of nausea, and volume of emesis (P less than 0.001). There was a 72% incidence of nausea and vomiting on placebo. When plasma THC concentrations measured less than 5.0 ng/mL, 5.0 to 10.0 ng/mL, and greater than 10.0 ng/mL, the incidences of nausea and vomiting were 44%, 21%, and 6%, respectively. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol appears to have significant antiemetic properties when compared with placebo in patients receiving high-dose methotrexate.
Ann Intern Med 1979 Dec
PMID:Delata-9-tetrahydrocannabinol as an antiemetic in cancer patients receiving high-dose methotrexate. A prospective, randomized evaluation. 29 41

The clinical course of a 17-year-old boy with primary osteogenic sarcoma of the left atrium with partial obstruction of the mitral valve and the right pulmonary veins is described. After operative removal of the tumor, echocardiography documented its rapid recurrence. Despite two subsequent open-heart operations and adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the patient died twenty-one months after the initial symptoms. Previous reports of such tumors are reviewed, and technical difficulties of removal are discussed.
Ann Thorac Surg 1979 Dec
PMID:Primary osteogenic sarcoma of the heart. 29 45

A method based on the intravenous 133Xe injection technique has been used for measurement of bone blood flow in man. The measurements were made from the greater trochanteric region of the femur of eight healthy subjects and three patients with bone marrow or a bone disease in which bone blood flow is known to be increased. The half-times of the fast and the slow compartments of the externally recorded two-exponential bone washout curves were 4.05 +/- 0.88 min and 45.4 +/- 7.4 min (mean +/- 1 sd) in the healthy subjects, 1.46 min and 20.1 min in the patient with chronic myeloid leukemia, 2.50 min and 22.9 min in metastic bone disease and 1.93 min and 18.1 min in the patient with osteosarcoma, respectively. The corresponding flow values were 11.5 +/- 1.4 ml/100 g/min (mean +/- 1 sd) in healthy subjects and 59.8, 28.3 and 34.0 ml/100 g/min in patients with bone disorders. The precision of the method estimated from the duplicate measurements in eight healthy persons is; for the fast compartment, 6.8%; and for the slow one, 3.2%. Because of the rapid washout of xenon and the very low radiation dose the measurements are easily repeatable.
Eur J Nucl Med 1979 Dec
PMID:Measurement of bone blood flow with a 133 Xe washout method. A preliminary report. 29 60


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