Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen patients with primary osteosarcoma were studied for abnormal endocrinologic functions. Oral glucose tolerance tests revealed abnormal glucose, insulin, or growth hormone response curves in 78% of the study population. Elevated somatomedin values were noted in 72% of the patients tested. No significant deviations were observed in serum cortisol, estradiol, testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone levels. Likewise, lipid screening and 24 hour 17-hydroxy and 17-keto steroid excretion levels were normal. Statistically these derangements were unrelated, leading to the hypothesis that some additional factor or factors are present and responsible for the abnormalities noted. These deviations, found in association with primary osteosarcoma, constitute a new "paraneoplastic syndrome."
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PMID:Metabolic and endocrine alterations in osteosarcoma patients. 27 83

Urinary neutral oligosaccharides of various connective tissue diseases were studied by gel-filtration through Sephadex G--10 after treatments with cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), Dowex 50 (H+ form) and Dowex 1 (Cl- form), in succession. Increased excretion of urinary glucose-containing oligosaccharides, specifically glucosylgalactose was observed in most of the patients with chondrosarcoma, rheumatoid arthritis, Werner's syndrome, Rothmund Thomson syndrome and Morquio's disease. However, urinary excretion of neutral oligosaccharides in the patients with osteosarcoma and other tumorous conditions, and some systemic disorders in the connective tissues, examined in the present study, showed almost normal values. It is indicated, therefore, that the activity of glucosidase in insufficient for the glucose-containing oligosaccharides produced from the ground substance(s) in the former type connective tissue diseases.
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PMID:Excretion of glucose-containing oligosaccharides in urines of orthopedic patients. 28 16

Insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) peptide, mRNA, and receptors are widely distributed in the central nervous system, yet the physiological role of IGF-II in brain remains largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the in vivo effects of central administration of recombinant human IGF-II on pulsatile GH secretion and food intake. The IGF-II preparation used was shown to stimulate 3H-thymidine incorporation in MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Free-moving adult male rats bearing chronic intracerebroventricular (icv) and intracardiac venous cannulae were icv administered 10 microliters of either IGF-II (in doses of 300 ng and 1 microgram) or the vehicle solution, and blood samples were obtained every 15 min for 6 h. Vehicle-injected control animals exhibited the typical pulsatile pattern of GH secretion with most peak GH values greater than 100 ng/ml and trough levels less than 1.2 ng/ml. Central administration of IGF-II, at both doses, failed to alter the spontaneous 6-hour GH secretory profile; there were no significant differences in either GH peak amplitude, GH trough level, GH interpeak interval, or mean 6-hour plasma GH level, compared to vehicle-injected controls. There was also no effect of icv administered IGF-II on mean plasma glucose or insulin levels. Compared to vehicle-injected control rats, the icv injection of IGF-II (at doses of 300 ng and 1 microgram) did not significantly alter 24-h food intake or body weight gain in normal feeding rats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Centrally administered insulin-like growth factor II fails to alter pulsatile growth hormone secretion or food intake. 140 69

Studies are presented demonstrating inhibition of glucose transport by forskolin in human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells as well as osteoblast-like cells derived from normal human trabecular bone and chick calvaria. The cAMP-stimulators parathyroid hormone, prostaglandin E2, and isoproterenol did not influence glucose transport. Benzyl alcohol, a membrane lipid fluidity modulator, also provoked inhibition of the glucose uptake rate. Effects of forskolin and benzyl alcohol were not additive. It is suggested that cAMP is not a mediator of glucose transport in bone cells, and that forskolin inhibits glucose transport via a cAMP-independent mechanism.
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PMID:Forskolin inhibition of glucose transport in bone cell cultures through a cAMP-independent mechanism. 284 58

The normal range of glucose-phosphate-isomerase (GPI) in the plasma of children during the first month of life is up to 80 U/l; until the end of the second year of life between 11 and 50 U/l; thereafter the upper limit is 46 U/l. In osteogenic sarcoma or medulloblastoma there is a good correlation between activity of GPI in plasma and clinical tumor stage. In a lot of other tumors sensitivity of this enzyme is either very low as in Ewing-sarcoma or myeloic leukemia or there is no consistent relation to the extent of the tumor. High activities of GPI are equally obtained in children suffering from cystic fibrosis, diabetes mellitus or muscular dystrophy. GPI is not valid as a tumor marker even being raised in sarcoma and medulloblastoma as mentioned. So it is not necessary to check GPI activity as a part of routine enzyme chemistry.
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PMID:[Behavior of glucosephosphate isomerase in children with malignant diseases]. 346 43

Aspects of growth regulation were studied in patients with osteosarcoma to ascertain if hormonal imbalance is associated with this disease. Thirty-nine evaluated patients were of normal height for their ages. During the oral glucose tolerance test, carbohydrate intolerance was demonstrated in seven of 18 patients, while growth hormone was slightly elevated in four of 17 patients. Serum somatomedin activity (SMA) was elevated in seven of nine patients. In one untreated patient in whom SMA was measured across the tumor bed, significant gradient of SMA was found; gel filtration of the sera at pH 2.4 revealed a typical SMA profile in the arterial serum and an additional high SMA peak in the venous serum. Among needle biopsy specimens incubated for 48 hours, SMA was released by the histologically viable tumors but not by the nonviable specimens. The data suggest that young patients with osteosarcoma have elevated SMA.
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PMID:Hormonal evaluation in patients with osteosarcoma. 385 84

Human sarcoma-bearing limb substrate utilization was characterized by studying 10 otherwise healthy patients with extremity sarcomas (five osteosarcomas, five soft tissue sarcomas). All patients were studied in the postabsorptive state. Extremity blood flow was measured using a non-invasive capacitance plethysmograph. Percutaneous arterial and venous effluent blood samples from the tumor-bearing (TB) and control extremity were obtained and flux was calculated for free fatty acids (FFA), glucose, and amino acids. The control limb showed a release of amino acids similar to that reported previously. There was a dramatic difference in the TB extremity, which consistently released fewer amino acids. Both the TB and control limbs released FFA at the same rate. A significant difference in glucose uptake between TB and control limbs was noted for soft tissue sarcoma patients but not osteogenic sarcoma patients. The amount extracted correlated with excised tumor size and gluconeogenic amino acid release from the contralateral normal limb. This study suggests that the tumor-bearing limb ignores the inherent conservation mechanisms in the postabsorptive state and continues to utilize substrate, apparently at the expense of host tissues.
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PMID:In vivo utilization of substrate by human sarcoma-bearing limbs. 693 Mar 15

Blood somatomedin levels were assayed biologically in 10 children with Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma and 11 children with other benign tumors. The patients were of the same age. The basal level of somatomedin in malignant bone sarcoma was similar to that in controls. However, after glucose loading, the patterns of somatomedin level curve in children and adults with normal lipo-carbohydrate metabolism were different. The difference may be due either to the specific features of child's organism or a rise in the level of blood somatomedin inhibitors.
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PMID:[Blood serum somatomedin activity in children with bone tumors]. 695 61

Intravenous glucose tolerance, insulin response to glucose, the sensitivity of the periphery to insulin as well as growth hormone and somatomedin levels were determined in osteosarcoma patients and control subjects matched by age, sex, weight an length. The insulin response to glucose and the peripheral sensitivity to insulin were evaluated by using the individual blood glucose and plasma insulin curves for parameter identification in a mathematical model. The mean glucose tolerance was significantly decreased in the patients, most likely due to decreased peripheral insulin sensitivity. Plasma growth hormone levels were normal in all patients which was also the case with somatomedin levels determined by both radioreceptor- and radioimmunoassay.
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PMID:Glucose tolerance, growth hormone and somatomedin levels in osteosarcoma patients. 700 30

Impaired bone formation due to defective osteoblast function, as reflected in a decreased serum osteocalcin (OC) concentration in the patients with diabetes, has been implicated in the development of diabetic osteopenia. The role of hyperglycemia in this decrease in serum OC concentration was investigated. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3), an active form of vitamin D3, stimulated OC secretion from the human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure of the cells to high concentrations of glucose for 7 days significantly impaired 1,25(OH)2D3-induced OC secretion as compared with that observed with cells maintained under normal glucose (5.5 mM) or high mannitol conditions. The inhibitory effect of glucose was in a dose-dependent manner up to 55 mM. High glucose (55 mM) also attenuated the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced increase in OC mRNA abundance in MG-63 cells, suggesting that the inhibition of the 1,25(OH)2D3-induced increase in OC secretion by exposure to a high concentration of glucose was, at least in part, mediated at the transcriptional level. High glucose significantly decreased the number of 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors in MG-63 cells, without any change in the dissociation constant for 1,25(OH)2D3; this effect was not mimicked by high mannitol, indicating specificity for glucose. These observations suggest that a high glucose concentration significantly impairs the ability of osteoblastic cells to synthesize OC in response to 1,25(OH)2D3 by reducing 1,25(OH)2D3 receptor number, and that impaired cell function caused by sustained exposure to high glucose contributes to the defect in bone formation observed in the patients with diabetic osteopenia.
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PMID:Influence of high glucose on 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-induced effect on human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells. 748 80


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