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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hormone-induced alkaline phosphatases in human osteosarcoma cells (LM) were extracted and purified. Characterization of the purified enzyme showed two distinct isoenzymes. One isoenzyme was heat labile, was homoarginine inhibited, and had the electrophoretic migration of alkaline phosphatase of human osseous origin. Immunodiffusion showed that this isoenzyme reacted positively only against anti-bone alkaline phosphatase antibodies. The second isoenzyme was heat stable, was inhibited by phenylalanie, and had the same electrophoretic migration as did alkaline phosphatase extracted from mature normal human placenta. This second isoenzyme had the same antigenicity as did the normal placental enzyme. Like the D-variant placental phenotype, this second isoenzyme was inhibited by L-leucine and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
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PMID:Placenta-like alkaline phosphatases from human osteosarcoma cells. 2 98

Various agents have caused osteosarcoma in several experimental animal systems. These agents or initiators may be classified as chemicals, radiation, viruses, and miscellaneous. Zinc beryllium silicate with beryllium oxide in rabbits and FBJ virus in mice are two such initiating agents. The relevance of these animal experiments to the human situation is not known, but recent reports regarding a transmissible agent obtained from human osteosarcoma tissue suggest that a virus may be implicated. There is a theoretic indication that the various etiologic agents, including viruses, may affect the DNA of normal cells in such a way that further evolution and differentiation through several cell divisions may result in the clinical appearance of cancer.
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PMID:The etiology of osteosarcoma. A review of current considerations. 5 Aug 94

Short- and long-term co-cultures of 49 cases of human osteosarcoma cells with bone marrow or peripheral blood cells of patients with different types of leukemia were studied. Morphological changes were observed in 7 of 13 long-term co-cultures resembling those induced by RNA tumor viruses. The changes were accompanied by appearance of cytoplasmic antigen as shown by fixed immunofluorescence test with sera from patients with osteosarcoma, leukemia, and of some apparently normal blood donors. Absorption with Forssman-like substances, whole human embryo cells or osteosarcoma cells demonstrated the reaction to be due to tumor antigen(s) in co-culture cells showing morphological changes. Electron microscopy showed a few type C virus particles in one co-culture. Cell-free filtrates of fluid from the transformed co-cultures induced morphological changes in 1 of 4 human embryo cultures. Uninoculated embryo cultures or those inoculated with filtrates from parental sarcoma or leukemia cultures showed no morphological changes. Human embryo cell cultures treated with fluid from parental leukemic bone marrow but not from parental sarcoma cultures showed appearance of cytoplasmic antigen by immunofluorescence test with sera of osteosarcoma and leukemia patients and of some apparently normal blood donors. Transformed human co-cultures showed the cytoplasmic antigen with 28 of 48 sera of osteosarcoma and leukemia patients tested, after absorption with Forssman-like material, human embryo, and mycoplasma suspensions. Fourteen of 49 sera of normal donors were also positive with the transformed co-cultures. Similar results were obtained in an earlier series of experiments with human embryonic cultures transformed by fluid from different osteosarcoma-leukemia co-cultures when examined by fixed immunofluorescence tests with sera of patients with osteosarcoma and leukemia. In 2 whole human embryo cell cultures showing morphological changes high molecular weight RNA was found, similar to that of RNA animal tumor viruses and in one of the cultures transient reverse transcriptase was detected.
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PMID:Virus retrieval studies in human neoplasia. 5 29

Human osteosarcoma cell lines T 1 and ZT 1 were analyzed for host origin. The results indicated that these lines must have been contaminated with rat x mouse hybrid cells. The isolated virus was identified as an avian sarcoma virus belonging to the C subgroup.
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PMID:Evidence for animal origin of cells and rescued tumour virus from a putative human osteosarcoma cell line. 5 67

Morphological studies on sarcomas induced in syrian hamsters by cellfree transmission are described. The tumour tissue for the cellfree preparations stemmed from a sarcoma, containing C-particles. Basically, three histological groups have been distinguished: 1. neoplasms of the peripheral nerve-sheath, 2. undifferentiated sarcomas, and 3. liposarcomas. Furthermore, a rhabdomyosarcoma, an angiosarcoma and, in a heterotransfection on rat, an osteosarcoma have been established. The great majority of tumours could be transmitted by cellfree preparations. To this neoplasms belong the undifferentiated histological structure.
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PMID:[Morphological studies on cellfree induced sarcomas in syrian hamster (author's transl)]. 6 Sep 83

Revertants of nonproducer human osteosarcoma (NP/KHOS) cells induced by Kirsten murine sarcoma virus were isolated after incubating at high temperature (40.5 degrees C) overnight and subcloning at 36 degrees C. The morphologic variants, from which murine sarcoma virus could no longer be rescued, had growth properties similar to those of the nontransformed, parent human osteosarcoma cells and did not release RNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. These revertants were nontumorigenic in nude mice. The revertants supported leukemia virus growth and showed an enhanced sensitivity to murine sarcoma virus superinfection. Thus, the revertants were from human cells transformed by an oncogenic RNA virus.
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PMID:Revertants of human cells transformed by murine sarcoma virus. 6 97

8 cases of osteosarcoma of the upper jaw from a personal series of tumours are described, and their treatment discussed in the light of past experience. Of the cases, four are still alive and well 6 months to 11 years after treatment. A case is put forward for the initial use of radical surgery, especially maxillectomy with orbital exenteration. The addition of routine postoperative Adriamycin therapy is recommended in the light of its known activity against sarcomas. The palliation of advanced cases is also discussed.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma of the upper jaw. 6 2

Sera from 8 of 9 patients with osteogenic sarcoma equally lysed autologous tissue-cultured cells of both skin and osteosarcoma in the presence of complement. Of 155 normal human sera tested, 103 (66%) lysed allogeneic normal ksin in tissue culture. These antibodies appeared more prevalent in younger (96% in ages 11-20 yr) than older (33% in ages 41-50 yr) humans. The presence of these "natural" antibodies against normal and malignant cells growing in tissue culture was possibly directed against components adsorbed to the cells during tissue culture or to "new" cell-surface antigens expressed by these cells grown in tissue culture. These non-tumor-related neoantigens on normal and malignant cells in tissue culture represented a potential source of confusion in studies of the serologic response of humans to tumors.
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PMID:Lysis of human normal and sarcoma cells in tissue culture by normal human serum: implications for experiments in human tumor immunology. 6 9

57Co-bleomycin appears to be one of the best tumor detecting agents at the moment. The localization within the cells is not yet known. This preclinical investigation had the aim to study the subcellular distribution of 57Co-bleomycin in liver, spleen and tumors of rats and mice. Mice with transplanted lymphosarcoma and osteosarcoma were used and rats with transplanted rhabdomyosarcoma. The concentration of 57Co-bleomycin was 2 to 10 times higher in the tumors as compared to the (normal) liver. This accumulation property was not found with the control substance: 57CoCl2. The highest radioactivity of 57Co-bleomycin (cpm/mg protein) was observed in subcellular fractions containing mitocohndria and lysosomes. After treatment of these fractions with hypertonic solutions it could be shown that enzymes of the mitochondrial matrix remained inside the vesicles under conditions of almost complete release of 57Co-bleomycin. Half of the lysosomal enzyme acid phosphatase was released too. From these experiments it is concluded that 57Co-bleomycin is preferentially localized in heavy secondary lysomes which are more fragile than the lighter lysosomes in the cells.
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PMID:Subcellular localization of 57Co-bleomycin in normal and tumor tissues. 7 96

Since the first promising results of Nouel et al. 1972, additional positive experience has been obtained with 57Co-Bleomycin (57Co-BLM) as a tumour-localizing agent. In this preclinical study, mice with transplanted osteosarcoma and lymphosarcoma were used and rats with transplanted rhabdomyosarcoma. 57CoCl2 served as a control substance. 57Co-BLM had concentrated in the tumours with a factor 2 to 10 as compared to the (normal) liver of the animals. No preferential concentration in the tumours was found when 57CoCl2 was used. The highest specific activity of 57Co-BLM (cpm/mg protein) was found in a fraction containing mitochondria and lysosomes. Evidence for a lysosomal localization of this diagnostic compound was obtained from experiments in which the mitochondrial-lysosomal fraction was treated with hypertonic media of different osmolarities. Conditions could be found in which many lysosomes burst while almost all mitochondrial were intact. From these experiments it appeared that the radioactivity in the particles obtained from animals injected wtih 57Co-BLM was released very rapidly. It is concluded that 57Co-BLM is preferentially localized in the heavy lysosomes sedimenting together with most of the mitochondria of the cell and that these structures are more fragile than the light lysosomes.
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PMID:Intracellular distribution of 57Co-bleomycin. 7 27


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