Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve consecutive patients with osteosarcoma who were without evidence of metastases were treated with Adriamycin and cis-platinum in an adjuvant fashion. The primary lesion was in the distal femur in five patients, proximal tibia in three, and one each in the proximal femur, proximal humerus, sacrum, and a previously irradiated orbit. Surgery consisted of amputation in eight, limb-salvage procedures in two, and regional resections in the patients with orbital and sacral lesions. Postoperatively, Adriamycin at 30 mg/m2/d, for three days alternated every three weeks with cis-platinum, 100 mg/m2, once daily or 60 mg/m2/d, for two days i.v. drip forced i.v. fluid diuresis. Adriamycin was given to a total dose of 540 mg/m2. Ten of 12 patients remain continually disease-free with a median time on study of 23+ months (range 12+-41+ months). Local recurrences, without evidence of metastatic disease, occurred in the patient with the orbital lesion and the patient who underwent the regional resection for the lesion of the proximal humerus at 20 and 17 months from diagnosis, respectively. Nine patients are off all chemotherapy from 6+ to 33+ months (median 22+ months). Administration of cis-platinum was limited to eight courses because of renal and ototoxicity. Despite appreciable toxicity, this chemotherapeutic regimen appears to be a highly effective adjuvant in the management of primary nonmetastatic osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Adjuvant adriamycin and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (cis-platinum) in primary osteosarcoma. 693 69

An 18-year-old man had had an osteogenic sarcoma of the distal tibia at age 16. Below-knee amputation was carried out and followed by adjuvant chemotherapy with Adriamycin, vincristine, methotrexate, Cytoxan, and melphalan. One month after termination of chemotherapy, he died suddenly while playing tennis. Documented ventricular fibrillation was unresponsive to cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Myocardial fibrosis ("cardiomyopathy") was the only significant anatomic finding at autopsy. The occurrence of sudden death without antecedent cardiac failure may have been related to strenuous physical activity in this patient who had received combined adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:Sudden cardiac death following adriamycin therapy. 694 Jun 49

Adriamycin was administered intraarterially and the tumor was irradiated at a total focal dose of 3600 rad in the preoperational period in 25 children suffering from osteogenic sarcoma. Histological examinations of the tumors revealed marked necrobiotic, necrotic and sclerotic changes. Within 2 months after the beginning of the therapy the number of tumor cells decreased, they were localized predominantly in the peripheral parts of the extraosseal component. Later in the same areas new generations of tumor cells were found. In 3 cases tumor cells were completely absent. The results suggest the efficacy of adriamycin in combination with radiation therapy in treatment of osteogenic sarcoma.
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PMID:[Morphological characteristics of osteogenic sarcoma after chemo-and radiotherapy]. 694 73

One hundred-twenty-four patients with this rare and special variant of osteogenic sarcoma were treated at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1921 through 1979, representing 11% of all of osteogenic sarcomas. The lesions were predominantly lytic, destructive tumors with only minimal sclerosis on roentgenograms and soft as well as cystic on gross examination. Histologically, aneurysmally dilated spaces lined or traversed by sarcoma cells producing osteoid were noted. The differential diagnosis both radiographically and histologically included several benign lesions like aneurysmal bone cyst and giant cell tumor, among many others. It was found that telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma is relatively frequent in the femoral diaphysis and in the distal end of the femur. Twenty-nine percent of the patients present with pathologic fracture, or this develops later. Age and sex distribution, or clinical signs or symptoms were those of ordinary osteogenic sarcomas. No differences in survival rates were found in lesions that were purely lytic or those with minimal sclerosis. Similarly, no differences in survival were noted when comparing patients with telangiectatic or ordinary osteogenic sarcoma. As a matter of fact, definite increase in survival was found in patients treated since 1975 with preoperative multidrug chemotherapy employing high-dose methotrexate. Adriamycin, and the combination of bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, and dactinomycin.
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PMID:Telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 124 patients. 695 Aug 2

Following amputation of a limb for osteosarcoma, the tumour was serially transferred to nude mice. The rate of growth was determined and the inhibitory effect of Cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin and 5-Fluorouracil was assessed in three separate experimental animal groups. In the tumour studied. Cyclophosphamide produced the greatest inhibition of tumour growth, mitotic index and cytokinetic studies. The technique may be helpful in screening the sensitivity of other types of human malignant tumour.
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PMID:Screening test of anticancer drugs on human osteosarcoma heterotransplanted in nude mice. 696 90

High-dose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue was used alone or in combination with Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide for the treatment of 27 osteosarcoma patients with measurable indicators of disease. Three patients developed complete responses of measurable lesions, two had partial responses, two had static disease, one had symptomatic improvement, and one had return to normal of physical findings following treatment of a flat bone primary osteosarcoma. While the doses and frequency of administration of high-dose methotrexate differed from those used by previous investigators, these results suggest that aggressive treatment with high-dose methotrexate must be attempted to further evaluate its efficacy as single-agent therapy for osteosarcoma patients not eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy trials.
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PMID:High-dose methotrexate used alone and in combination for measurable primary or metastatic osteosarcoma. 696 35

Eighteen patients with osteosarcoma, most of whom were adolescents, were examined for abnormalities of the brain by use of computed axial tomography. These studies were performed at 15-60 months (median 47 months) after the completion of adjuvant chemotherapy, which included high-dose methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and Adriamycin. No abnormalities were found. The results of this study, together with the absence of brain lesions in published reports in children receiving high-dose methotrexate but no cranial irradiation, indicate that delayed neurotoxicity is not a major complication of this form of therapy in older children.
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PMID:Normal computed tomograms of the brain in osteosarcoma patients treated with high-dose methotrexate. 697 2

From 1975 through 1979, 25 patients with osteosarcoma received therapy with vincristine, high-dose methotrexate, citrovorum factor, and Adriamycin. Five patients had metastases prior to receiving chemotherapy, and 11 of the remaining 20 nonmetastatic patients received preoperative or preirradiation chemotherapy. Chemotherapy caused objective tumor regression in 1 of 5 patients with metastases and 1 of 11 with measurable primaries. All five patients with metastatic disease died 7-16 months from diagnosis. Of the 20 nonmetastatic patients, 4 did not have primary amputations: all died. Of 16 patients with primary amputations, 6 are alive relapse-free 24-86 months from diagnosis, and 10 are dead. The actuarial survival of 36% is not statistically different from that of historical control groups or from that of concurrent control groups treated with surgery alone. However, because most adjuvant chemotherapy studies have involved few patients, 36% survival is not statistically different from the 50-70+% survival reported in previous studies. Our data fail to demonstrate that the adjuvant chemotherapy has improved the survival rate of children with osteosarcoma. We support a randomized, controlled comparison of adjuvant chemotherapy and aggressive surgical resection.
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PMID:High-dose methotrexate and adriamycin in osteogenic sarcoma: the children's hospital of Philadelphia study. 697 38

A review of the steps by which the current adjuvant chemotherapy programs for osteosarcoma (COMPADRI-V) evolved over the past 19 years indicates that among the important concepts incorporated into the program are demonstration of antitumor activity of each component, adequate evaluation of patient tolerance of the treatment regimen, progressive improvement in documented treatment results, and concomitant utilization of pharmacokinetic information. The current program utilizes intensified high-dose methotrexate and Adriamycin courses and preoperative chemotherapy. The regimen has permitted ready amalgamation of limb-salvage programs. The success of these approaches is emphasized by the overall survival rate of 79% at three years for the patients with osteosarcoma treated at M. D. Anderson Hospital.
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PMID:Multidrug chemotherapy in osteosarcoma. 700 13

The Surgery Branch of the National Cancer Institute conducted two prospective trials on the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of patients with sarcomas. Adriamycin and cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) appeared to improve significantly the disease-free survival of 55 current protocol patients with sarcomas of soft tissue compared with historical controls (P less than 0.001). The high incidence of drug-induced cardiomyopathy associated with this regimen led us to begin a prospective randomized trial of this adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with sarcomas of soft tissue. The use of high-dose methotrexate following surgery in 50 patients with osteogenic sarcoma was associated with a small increase in disease-free survival (P = 0.028) compared with historical controls. Little if any effect was seen in patients with high-grade lesions (P = 0.11). Overall survival of patients with osteogenic sarcoma was dramatically improved (P less than 0.001), probably due to the introduction of frequent screening for pulmonary metastases and the surgical resection of these metastases as soon as they appeared.
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PMID:Treatment of soft tissue and bone sarcomas: review of studies at the National Cancer Institute. 702 92


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