Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1977 to 1982, 62 patients with various advanced malignant solid tumors were treated by HD-MTX-CFR therapy and totally 129 courses were given. Majority of the patients suffered from malignant lymphoma (10), osteogenic sarcoma (11), lung cancer (16), esophageal cancer (3), breast cancer (3) and malignant melanoma (4). All were confirmed by cytology or pathology except one primary liver cancer. There were clinically measurable lesions in 59 patients for evaluation of the treatment, and 3 osteogenic sarcoma patients without metastasis were given a postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. 33 out of 62 had received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy before. Dose of MTX ranged from 2 to 3 gm per course in most patients and dose of CF, from 9 to 12 mg every 6 hours for 3 days. 2 (3.4%) patients achieved complete remission (1 osteogenic sarcoma and 1 malignant lymphoma) and 8 (13.6%), partial remission (1 osteogenic sarcoma, 5 malignant lymphoma, 1 esophageal cancer and 1 breast cancer) with a total response rate of 15.9%. No response was observed in all 16 lung cancers. The main side effects of HD-MTX-CFR therapy were leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevation of SGPT, nausea, vomiting, mucositis, skin rash, fever and fatigue. All patients were followed more than 3 years. 4 patients are still alive (9, 9, 4 and 7 years, respectively), including 3 osteogenic sarcoma patients who received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and 1 mycosis fungoides.
 ...
PMID:[High-dose methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue (HD-MTX-CFR) in the treatment of malignant solid tumors--clinical analysis of 62 patients]. 326 85

Cisplatin was used in 14 bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Severe vomiting developed in all cases, but the duration was relatively short. Renal function was disturbed in cases with a higher total dose. This side effect was considered to be the dose-limiting factor of cisplatin. Seven cases showed high-frequency deafness but they did not complain of disturbance during conversation. In seven metastatic osteosarcomas, one was evaluated as a partial response and one as a minor response. No response was observed among three soft tissue sarcomas. Three cases of osteosarcoma receiving cisplatin in adjuvant chemotherapy have been disease-free for 4 and 46 months after resection of pulmonary metastases and for 50 months after resection of the primary tumor. We consider cisplatin to be the first-choice drug in cases resistant to adriamycin or methotrexate, but there are some problems when cisplatin is used in adjuvant chemotherapy, because of its side effects.
 ...
PMID:[Chemotherapy using cisplatin in bone and soft tissue sarcoma]. 346 52

The primary site of the metastasis of osteosarcoma is the lung. More than 90% of patients have died of pulmonary metastasis in one to two years. Control of osteosarcoma depend upon the prevention of its pulmonary metastasis. The introduction of chemotherapy consisting mainly of Adriamycin, high-dose methotrexate with Leucovorin rescue and Cisplatinum, dramatically improved the prognosis of osteosarcoma. In the past, when systemic chemotherapy was not available, the five-year survival rate was around 19%. In patients who receive chemotherapy with the current combination of chemotherapeutic agents (ADM, HD-MTX, VCR, CPM, CDDP), the incidence of pulmonary metastasis was low, and the five-year survival rate increased to 65%. In patients who receive chemotherapy, pulmonary metastasis may be either delayed, with a single metastasis appearing after termination of treatment (late isolated type), or early and multiple, emerging in reaction to treatment (early multiple type). It is generally accepted that post-operative chemotherapy can inhibit pulmonary micro metastasis and prove to be of great significance in improving the survival rate of patients with osteosarcoma of extremities and achieve limb salvage operation. On the other hand, effective control of the side effects of drug administration such as nausea, vomiting, alopecia, cardio (ADM) and renal (CDDP) toxicity and bone marrow suppression, is a problem that must be solved as soon as possible.
 ...
PMID:[Significance of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma]. 349 46

In a prospective study, 18 evaluable patients with recurrent osteosarcoma were treated with ifosfamide, 1.8 g/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days. Courses were repeated every 4 weeks. Additional mesna (2-mercaptoethane sulfonate) was given to prevent urotoxicity. All patients had measurable lung deposits and all but one had been pretreated with various cytotoxic agents. Six patients (33%) showed therapeutic response, two complete and four partial, with a median duration of 5.5 months (range, 3-47+). Toxicity included myelosuppression, alopecia, nausea, and vomiting. No severe urotoxicity or central nervous system toxicity was observed. Thus, high-dose ifosfamide in combination with mesna seems to be a safe and effective agent for the chemotherapy of osteosarcoma.
 ...
PMID:High-dose ifosfamide in advanced osteosarcoma. 385 82

Carboplatin has been developed for clinical trials as a less nephrotoxic, less emetogenic analog of cisplatin. In preclinical tumor models it was less potent than the parent compound on a molar basis, but reduced toxicity allowed comparable antitumor doses to be given. In phase I studies its dose-limiting toxicities were reversible myelosuppression, especially thrombocytopenia. Leucopenia and anemia occurred to a lesser degree. Other reported toxicities included nausea, vomiting, malaise, myalgia, arthralgia, ototoxicity, hypomagnesemia, and proteinuria. Nausea and vomiting occurred frequently, but was much less severe than that observed with cisplatin. The incidence of serum creatinine elevations was low. The increase was usually reversible and occurred only in association with administration of aminoglycosides, or abnormal pretreatment renal function. Recommended phase II doses by schedule are: bolus every 4 weeks, 400-500 mg/m2 (560 mg/m2 in children); 24 hour continuous infusion every 4 weeks, 320-400 mg/m2; weekly bolus for 4 consecutive weeks with 2 weeks rest, 100-125 mg/m2 (175 mg/m2 in children); bolus for 5 consecutive days every 4 weeks, 77-95 mg/m2. Objective responses were observed during these phase I studies in adult patients (head and neck, breast, renal carcinomas) and children (osteosarcoma, brain stem lesions). In addition to phase II evaluations in all major tumor types, plans for phase III studies in selected tumors are underway.
 ...
PMID:Results of NCI-sponsored phase I trials with carboplatin. 391 Feb 21

Twenty-five patients with evaluable histologically confirmed inoperable metastatic sarcomas were treated once every four weeks with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin in doses of 400, 40, and 60 mg/m2, respectively. Cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin were given by rapid intravenous injection followed immediately by cisplatin by slow intravenous infusion (2-6 hr) in 1 liter of 0.45% saline with mannitol added. Leukopenia, alopecia, and vomiting were common side effects and three patients refused further treatment because of vomiting following their initial courses. No drug-related deaths occurred and we removed no one from the study because of toxicity problems. Among the 9 patients who experienced objective tumor regression were 2 of 2 with hemangiosarcoma, 3 of 5 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 3 of 5 with osteosarcoma, and 1 of 1 with pleomorphic liposarcoma of bone. Although not therapeutically gratifying, these results appear to be better than any previously observed at our institution.
 ...
PMID:Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin combined in the treatment of advanced sarcomas. 635 97

An acute episode of encephalopathy after the infusion of 16 g methotrexate is reported in a 12-year-old girl with osteogenic sarcoma. The complication occurred during the 11th treatment course, when severe vomiting and diarrhea were followed by a low urine output with consecutive toxic concentrations of methotrexate in serum and cerebrospinal fluid leading to severe systemic and central nervous system toxicity. The onset of the central nervous system toxicity was acute with slurred speech, paresis of the external rectus eye muscles, ataxia, and hemiparesis, and symptoms resolved completely after 30 hours by treatment with calcium leucovorin and forced diuresis. After management of the cerebral and systemic toxicity, high-dose methotrexate treatment could be reinstituted, and was followed by no further complications. In contrast to the transient cerebral dysfunctions, probably caused by embolization of tumor tissue in the early course of high-dose methotrexate treatment, the acute neurologic syndrome observed in the current case after the prolonged use of methotrexate seemed to be related to direct central nervous system toxicity of the drug.
 ...
PMID:Transient encephalopathy during the late course of treatment with high-dose methotrexate. 658 97

Twenty-three patients with disseminated bony sarcoma and 23 patients with malignant mesothelioma were evaluable in a Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) clinical trial utilizing rubidazone and DTIC. One partial remission (PR) was observed in a previously untreated patient with metastatic Ewing's sarcoma. One patient with giant cell tumor of bone had an improvement, short of PR. Thirteen patients with osteogenic sarcoma and 23 with malignant mesothelioma had no response to this combination of drugs. The major toxic effects of therapy included nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression, especially leukopenia; no cardiac toxicity was noted. We conclude that the combination of rubidazone and DTIC is inactive in bony sarcoma and mesothelioma.
 ...
PMID:Combination chemotherapy for advanced sarcomas of bone and mesothelioma utilizing rubidazone and DTIC: a Southwest Oncology Group Study. 683 8

Eleven patients with osteogenic sarcoma (9), Hodgkin disease (1), and mesenchymal sarcoma (1), were treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (DDP). Myelosuppression and vomiting of variable degrees occurred in all. No responses were seen.
 ...
PMID:5-fluorouracil and cis-platinum in the treatment of refractory solid tumors: a pediatric oncology group phase I-II study. 694 Oct 70

A case report of toxicity following concurrent administration of high-dose methotrexate and amoxycillin is presented. A 16-year-old male patient was administered 10 high-dose methotrexate cycles for treatment of a fully malignant osteogenic sarcoma. Methotrexate was administered at a dosage of 8 g/m2 and infused intravenously over a 6-h period. The patient received pre- and posttreatment hydration and sodium bicarbonate for alkalinization of urine. Calcium folinate rescue was performed when appropriate. During the 10th cycle, coadministration of amoxycillin (1 g/6 h, p.o.) resulted in prolonged and marked enhancement of methotrexate serum levels. Pharmacokinetic parameters obtained in cycle 10 indicate significant differences for total plasma clearance, mean residence time, and distribution half-life when compared to those in cycles 1-9. Amoxycillin decreased the renal clearance of methotrexate, probably by competition at the common tubular secretion system and by secondary methotrexate-induced renal impairment. The patient experienced acute and subacute toxicity with renal failure, myelosuppression, mucositis, nausea, vomiting, fever, and dermatologic abnormalities. Patients receiving amoxycillin during methotrexate therapy should be closely monitored to avoid severe toxicity.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacokinetic interaction between high-dose methotrexate and amoxycillin. 824 43


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 Next >>