Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve patients with florid reactive periostitis of the small bones of the hands and feet are presented. Clinically, the lesion usually presents as a swelling of the affected part, sometimes accompanied by pain, tenderness, and redness. Histologically, the lesion may be mistaken for benign and malignant neoplasms such as osteosarcoma or parosteal osteosarcoma or osteochondromas. The features that distinguish reactive periostitis from the several diagnostic possibilities are presented. It is important for the clinician and the pathologist to recognize the existence of florid reactive periostitis in the hands and feet and to treat accordingly. Local excision appears to be adequate treatment; follow-up indicates little risk for local recurrence.
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PMID:Florid reactive periostitis of the tubular bones of the hands and feet. A benign lesion which may simulate osteosarcoma. 694 56

Six cases of small-cell osteosarcoma, a tumor that resembles Ewing's sarcoma but produces osteoid matrix, are presented. The patients were young (6-31 years of age) and presented with symptoms of pain and/or swelling of 1-10 months duration. The lesions demonstrated a wide variation in radiographic appearance. Histologically, the tumors were composed of small, round cells that produced variable amounts of osteoid. In three cases chondroid was also present. Two of the six patients were treated with surgery alone and four received radiation and either single- or multiple-agent adjuvant chemotherapy. The two patients who received radiation and multiple-agent adjuvant chemotherapy have no evidence of disease at four and ten years after diagnosis. Recognition of this tumor as distinct from Ewing's sarcoma and from other forms of osteosarcoma is important to determine the incidence, clinical features, and optimal therapy for this tumor.
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PMID:Small-cell osteosarcoma. 695 93

The surgical management of bone metastases should relieve pain and improve function. Of the operative cases (170 in the last 10 years), 30% underwent resectional therapy with successful implantation of an endoprosthesis. Surgical management of primary malignant bone tumors should result in cure. Since 1976, in 44 of 54 cases of osteosarcoma a tumor resection was performed and in 40 cases the operation was adequate. A rotation plasty operation was performed in 15 of the 44, a tumor endoprosthesis was implanted in 22, and other methods were used in seven.
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PMID:[Surgical therapy of malignant bone tumors and results of the treatment]. 696 62

Primary tumors of the chest wall are uncommon but should be considered in the evaluation of patients with persistent chest wall pain or the presence of a chest wall mass, especially when this is near the costal cartilages. Special radiographic techniques may help to define the diagnostic possibilities and the extent of local involvement. Since at least half of the primary rib tumors and virtually all of the sternal tumors are malignant, these problems demand prompt investigation, accurate tissue diagnosis, and, usually, generous surgical excision. With appropriate attention to skin, soft tissue, and skeletal involvement, resection of major chest wall tumors can be done safely, and there are a variety of reconstructive techniques available to deal with the resulting defects. Radiotherapy has little role in the treatment of chest wall tumors except for the myeloproliferative disorders and possibly some cases of Ewing's sarcoma. Chemotherapy has similarly been ineffective for the cartilaginous tumors but shows some promise in the multidisciplinary approach to osteogenic sarcoma. Surgical resection, however, remains the mainstay for the treatment of most tumors of the chest wall. Even in instances of recurrent disease there are many whose long-term survival has been achieved by multiple operative procedures.
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PMID:Tumors of the chest wall. 699 48

Hyperthermia appears to be an important adjunct to present day cancer therapies. A literary review indicates that at least 60 of the patients studied showed improvement-primarily relief of pain. Radiographically, approximately 50% of the patients demonstrated a remission or decrease in the size of the tumor (4-7, 9, 10). Although further research in hyperthermia continues, amputation of a limb because of osteogenic sarcoma or malignant melanoma may no longer be the primary treatment of choice.
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PMID:hyperthermia for lower extremity neoplasms: a review of the literature. 703 35

Hyperthermia greater than or equal to 42 degrees C is tumoricidal in vitro and in many animal models, although such temperatures have only recently been achieved experimentally in some human cancers. A recently developed radio frequency device that provides safe hyperthermia to any depth without surface tissue injury now permits evaluation of the effects of hyperthermia on advanced human sarcomas. Twelve patients with large sarcomas located intraabdominally [7], in the chest wall [2], proximal extremity [2], and the neck [1], were evaluated in this study. Tumor types include liposarcoma [3], rhabdomyosarcoma [2], leiomyosarcoma [2], neurofibrosarcoma [2], and one each malignant mesothelioma, undifferentiated sarcoma, and osteosarcoma. Intratumor temperatures greater than or equal to 42 degrees C were observed in all tumors, with virtually no normal tissue injury. Selective tumor heating greater than or equal to 45 degrees C occurred in 9/12 (75%) and greater than or equal to 50 degrees C in 6/12 (50%). One to five weekly treatments greater than or equal to 50 degrees C and ten daily treatments greater than or equal to 45 degrees C resulted in significant tumor necrosis and pain relief in some patients. Hyperthermia of advanced sarcomas is possible with little host toxicity and may be of potential therapeutic benefit.
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PMID:Radio frequency hyperthermia of advanced human sarcomas. 724 1

Transcatheter arterial infusion and arterial embolization are employed in the treatment of various neoplasms. In patients with carcinoma of the colon metastatic to the liver, the hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) of floxuridine and Mitomycin produced a 55% partial response and a 12% complete response, as well as an improved median survival of 18 months. In metastatic breast carcinoma, a 30% response was achieved. In some cases, proximal embolization of aberrant hepatic arteries was performed to redistribute the hepatic flow to a single vessel to assist infusion of the entire liver using a single catheter. Devascularization by hepatic artery embolization has also been used to treat hepatic neoplasms. Arterial occlusion of renal carcinoma, followed after four to seven days by nephrectomy and hormonal therapy, produced a 36% response rate in 49 patients with distant metastases. In 14 patients with osteosarcoma treated with cis-diaminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) arterial infusion, a 57% response rate was achieved. Benign bone tumors were treated with arterial occlusion with a 60% response rate. Tumors of the pelvis were managed by bilateral internal iliac artery infusion using CDDP. In 21 patients with recurrent bladder carcinoma, control of pain and hematuria and prolonged survival were achieved.
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PMID:Current status of transcatheter management of neoplasms. 745 17

Stress fractures of the femoral diaphysis in young children are rare. Pain and an antalgic gait are the most common features. There is usually no history of either trauma or a recent increase in physical activities. Initial radiographs may be normal. Technetium bone scanning is the most sensitive method of early diagnosis, but may not be diagnostic. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are useful in early confirmation of the diagnosis. Serial radiographs will show maturation of the periosteal new bone with evidence of repair. Biopsy should be avoided, except in cases of obvious neoplasm shown by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, or in cases with progressive cortical destruction shown on serial radiographs, because fracture callus may be difficult to distinguish from osteosarcoma. Treatment consists of protected weight bearing and activity restriction until resolution of symptoms and radiographic evidence of healing.
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PMID:Stress fractures of the femoral diaphysis in young children. A report of 2 cases. 764 34

A review of 280 primary malignant bone tumours diagnosed during 1984-1988 is presented. These constituted 3.14% of all malignant tumours. Male to female ratio was 2.3:1. Majority of these patients presented with rapidly growing mass, pain and deformity. Histologically, osteosarcoma was the most frequent (36.4%) primary malignant tumour. Male to female ratio was 3.31:1. More than 49% of these cases were in their second decade of life. In females the greatest frequency was in 10-15 years and in males 16-20 years age groups. Femur was the most frequent site. Other common malignant bone tumours included chondrosarcoma (22.1%), plasma cell myeloma (15.0%) and Ewings's sarcoma (8.6%). Miscellaneous cases of fibrosarcoma, chrodoma, adamentinoma and ameloblastoma were also seen. This study outlines the frequency, symptomatology and histological pattern of various malignant bone tumours in northern areas of Pakistan.
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PMID:Pattern of malignant bone tumour in northern areas of Pakistan. 868 40

The criteria for the evaluation of the treatment on primary bone sarcoma proposed by the Musculoskeletal Tumor Committee of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) were accepted in 1993 by the Joint Committee for Cancer Therapy of the Japan Society for Cancer Therapy. The responses to treatment are classified as a complete response (CR), a partial response (PR), no change (NC), or as progressive disease (PD). It is a requirement that the condition of CR, PR, or NC continues for at least 4 weeks. The radiographical criteria are as follows: CR, the disappearance of the intramedullary lesions and the bone trabeculae recovering a normal appearance; PR, the circumscription of the extraosseous tumor and an appearance of sclerotic foci within the intramedullary lesion; NC, no changes noted in the extraosseous and intramedullary lesions; PD, an increase in the extraosseous or intramedullary lesion and/or the appearance of new lesions. Histopathological criteria are as follows: CR, no tumor cells appearing viable in any of the histologic sections; PR, greater than 90% tumor necrosis attributable to treatment; NC, 50 to 90% tumor necrosis and other secondary changes attributable to treatment; PD, less than 50% tumor necrosis. Responses in the clinical signs and symptoms including tumor size (or circumference of the extremities at the site of the tumor), pain and local heat are also graded as follows: PR, subsiding symptoms and/or decrease in the tumor size; NC, neither exacerbation nor decrease in the symptoms and no change in size; PD, the exacerbation of symptoms or an increase in size. Additionally, the serum alkaline phosphatase level can be used for evaluating the effect of the treatment on the osteosarcoma. The extent of the response to preoperative chemotherapy is a powerful predictor of patient survival.
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PMID:[Criteria for the evaluating treatment on primary bone sarcoma]. 780 35


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