Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty patients with malignant or potentially malignant tumors (osteogenic sarcoma, giant-cell tumor, synovial-cell sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and chondroblastoma) located in the proximal end of the tibia or distal end of the femur were treated by local resection and arthrodesis employing an intramedullary rod and autogenous segmental cortical grafts obtained from the same extremity. Use of a customized bent, fluted rod in the most recent cases provided more stable fixation. There was only one local recurrence. In properly selected patients, the method provided a stable extremity that permitted resumption of a vigorous life-style within approximately one year.
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PMID:Resection-arthrodesis for malignant and potentially malignant lesions about the knee using an intramedullary rod and local bone grafts. 19 62

The evidence that the principles of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy developed in experimental animal systems also apply to a variety of neoplastic diseases in man has been clearly demonstrated. Micrometastatic disease can be eradicated with effective chemotherapy in several diseases. Prolongation of disease-free interval, if not cure, is now possible in diseases in which curative surgery alone or in combination with radiotherapy does not achieve these goals. The previously fatal childhood solid tumors--Wilms', Ewings' sarcoma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma--are curable in a high percentage of patients appropriately treated with combinations of surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The prolongation of the disease-free interval in osteogenic sarcoma has permitted consideration of entirely new surgical approaches for this tumor in which radical amputation has traditionally been employed. The spectacular results achieved in the treatment of Stage II breast cancer may potentially save hundreds of thousands of lives in the coming decade. Clinically recognizable metastatic disease is rarely curable by any currently available treatment modality. The prolongation of disease-free intervals and production of cures when surgical adjuvant chemotherapy is employed may be partly explained by relatively more circulation, and thus drug delivery to each tumor cell, more favorable cellular kinetics, and a healthier and more immunocompetent host who is better able to withstand drug effects on normal tissues, and to participate in tumor destruction. Cures of certain patients with neoplastic diseases using surgical adjuvant chemotherapy has increased the incentive to learn more about new and old drugs and their effective use alone and in combination. Chemotherapy, in appropriate combinations with surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, may well be more efficacious in many clinical situations than the traditional use of single-modality treatment. The data presented in this paper relate solid evidence that the possibility of cure in a variety of neoplastic diseases is real.
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PMID:Surgical adjuvant chemotherapy. 19 34

The cases are reported of three patients with rare tumors of the mammary gland: one osteogenic sarcoma, one benign mixed tumor and one reticulum-cell sarcoma of the breast. The pathological and clinical aspects of these tumors are discussed with reference to the literature.
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PMID:Three cases of rare tumors of the mammary gland. 20 Jan 85

The incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced in hamsters of the three inbred strains LSH/SsLak, LHC/Lak, and MHA/SsLak, inocuated iv at 3 weeks of age with 10(7.5) median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of simian virus 40 (SV40). were determined and compared with those of the outbred stock LVG/Lak. Although the incidence and latency were approximately the same in hamsters of the three inbred strains, hamsters of the outbred stock exhibited almost complete resistance to tumor induction under identical experimental conditions. The morphologic types of neoplasms, i.e., lymphocytic leukemia, reticulum cell sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and anaplastic sarcoma, induced in inbred hamsters were similar to those induced in outbred hamsters inoculated iv with 10(8.5) TCID50 SV40. The lymphocytic leukemias that developed in the 2 LSH/SsLak inbred hamsters were established as tumor transplants in vivo and as permanent cell lines in vitro.
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PMID:Incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced by simian virus 40 inoculated intravenously into hamsters of three inbred strains and one outbred stock. 20 20

The series consisted of 132 patients, 61 with primary bone sarcomas and 71 with primary soft tissue sarcomas. The patients were all evaluated by lymphography. The investigation included both patients who had not yet been treated and patients with suspected or confirmed metastases. All tumour diagnoses were confirmed microscopically. The findings as regards dissemination were based on clinical examinations, laboratory tests, roentgen examinations and lymphographies. In some cases, lymph node biopsies and surgical observations were also used. A total of 151 lymphographies were performed and 281 follow-up films taken. Preoperative lymphography was performed using the technique introduced by Kinmonth. For postoperative lymphography on the stumps of amputated extremities, two simple but useful methods were developed, which are presented here. Changes in the lymphographic appearance of lymph node metastases, the occurrence of new metastases, and the results of treatment were assessed by survey films and repeat lymphography. The generally accepted criteria for metastasis were used as a basis for the analysis of the lymphographic findings. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. Incidence of lymphatic dissemination. Different sarcomas varied greatly in their clinical course, including the frequency of dissemination. The lymphatic involvement in the metastatic cases was as follows: Bone sarcomas: 16 out of 28 (Table 10); of these, 13 were to regional lymph nodes, 8 to distant nodes and 5 to both (Table 14). Soft tissue sarcomas: 24 out of 40 (Table 11). All 24 had metastases in regional nodes, and 8 in distant nodes as well (Table 15). The highest frequencies of lymphatic spread in the different metastasized tumours were found to be: Bone sarcomas: reticulosarcoma 100%, Ewing's sarcoma 50%, osteosarcoma 47%. Soft tissue sarcomas: rhabdomyosarcoma 100%, synovial sarcoma 80%, neurogenic sarcoma 78%, leiomyosarcoma 67%. 2. Time-relation between lymphatic and haematogenic dissemination; The tendency to metastasize first via the lymphatics or via the blood vessels varied. Half of the cases of Ewing's sarcoma and reticulosarcoma had evidence of lymphatic spread before blood-borne metastases were detected. In the osteosarcoma cases, however, lymphatic dissemination was always preceded by haematogenic spread (Table 12). In synovial sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and neurogenic sarcoma, the first dissemination was more frequently lymphatic than haematogenic (Table 13). 3. Possible existence of special lymphographic features of sarcoma metastases. Only reticulosarcoma displayed special characteristics. The lymph node metastases of reticulosarcoma of bone had lymphographic appearances similar to those found in reticulosarcoma of soft tissue or lymph node origin (Fig. 12). The lymph node metastases of other primary bone and soft tissue sarcomas had no specific lymphographic features and were indistinguishable from carcinomatous metastases (Figs 7, 9, 13, 15, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23). 4...
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PMID:Lymphatic dissemination of bone and soft tissue sarcomas: a lymphographic investigation. 20 99

Hamster and rat cell lines have been established that have been transformed by FBJ murine sarcoma virus (FBJ-MuSV) but that do not produce virus. The hamster cell line originated from an osteosarcoma that appeared in a hamster inoculated at birth with an extract of a CFNo1 mouse FBJ-osteosarcoma. The rat cell line was obtained by transferring the FBJ-MuSV genome to normal rat kidney cells in the absence of the FBJ type C virus (FBJ-MuLV), which, usually in high concentration, accompanies the FBJ-MuSV. Both transformed hamster and rat cell lines contain the FBJ-MuSV genome, which can be rescued by ecotropic and xenotropic murine type C viruses. This rescued genome produces characteristic FBJ-MuSV foci in tissue culture and, in appropriate animal hosts, induces osteosarcomas typical of those induced by FBJ-MuSV. FBJ-MuSV was isolated originally from a parosteal osteosarcoma that occurred naturally in a mouse. Since there was no previous history of passage of the agent through any other animal species, these non-virus-producing hamster and rat cells transformed by FBJ-MuSV should be very helpful in molecular studies examining the origin of spontaneous sarcoma genomes in mice.
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PMID:FBJ osteosarcoma virus in tissue culture. III. Isolation and characterization of non-virus-producing FBJ-transformed cells. 20 18

A family is described in which four children developed cancer affecting different organs:lymphoma, meningeal sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and adenocarcinoma of the cecum. Since there was only one other case of cancer in previous generations of this family, an hypothesis is put forth to explain this unusual aggregation on the basis of recombination of common genes. It is postulated that each parent carried a different combination of genes which, though not associated with increased cancer predisposition in the combinations in which they were present in the parents, due to independent assortment resulted in a combination producing cancer susceptibility in half of the offspring. Such genetic loci could include factors similar to an oncogene which is normally held in control by genes at another locus; thus the dominant oncogene without the dominant controlling genes would make for cancer susceptibility, while the controlling genes without the oncogene would be associated with cancer resistance since two mutations would then be required for malignant development. To explain the occurrence of lymphoma in one of the children in this family, a third set of genes is included in this model--genes affecting immunocompetence, in which the normal allele is dominant. This three locus model has the advantage of being able to explain not only the occasional cancer family, but also the distribution of cancer susceptibility and resistance in the general population.
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PMID:Genetic mechanisms in cancer predisposition: report of a cancer family. 21 26

The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, at a concentration of 0.08 microgram per milliliter, induced flat morphology within 24 to 48 hours and low saturation density in human osteosarcoma cells transformed by Kirsten murine sarcoma virus (Ki-MSV) or N-methyl-N' nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Removal of the protein synthesis inhibitor caused both transformed cells to revert to the transformed phenotype. The demonstration of cell-surface antigens, cross-reacted with antiserums induced by extracts of both types of transformed human cells, was dependent on the presence or absence of cycloheximide in the culture medium. The results show that protein synthesis is required to maintain the transformed state in virally or chemically transformed human cells.
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PMID:Cycloheximide-dependent reversion of human cells transformed by MSV and chemical carcinogen. 22 42

The virus-specific nucleotide sequences in the RNA and DNA of a Kirsten mouse sarcoma virus (Ki-MSV)-transformed non-producer human osteosarcoma cell clone and two subclones of these cells that reverted to a normal phenotype have been analysed by hybridization of sarcoma virus-specific complementary DNA (cDNA) to cellular RNA or DNA. Whereas the transformed clone had acquired de novo Ki-MSV sequences in the RNA and DNA of the cells, both the revertant cell lines seemed to have lost most or all of this information from the cellular nucleic acids. The DNA from the revertant cells lacked the sequences represented either in the Ki-MSV-specific cDNA or in the total cDNA of the leukaemia-sarcoma virus complex. Thus, the reversion of the virus-transformed human cells to normal morphology is associated with the loss of most or all of the proviral sequences from the cellular DNA.
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PMID:Reversion of Kirsten sarcoma virus transformed human cells: elimination of the sarcoma virus nucleotide sequences. 22 28

A mixed malignant tumour of the lung intermediate in type between pulmonary blastoma and carcinosarcoma is described. The epithelial component consisted of squamous carcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, and clefts lined by bland epithelial cells. The supporting stroma was composed of pleomorphic sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and indeterminate mesenchymal tissue. The tumour was removed surgically, but the patient died postoperatively with rapidly developing multiple bony and soft tissue metastases. Subcutaneous metastases showed the appearnce of poorly differentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Published reports of mixed malignant lung tumours are reviewed.
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PMID:Mixed malignant tumour of the lung. 22 82


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