Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twelve human cell cultures derived from tumors, normal tissues, and derivative cultures transformed by either a RNA tumor virus or chemical carcinogen were examined for their response to cytochalasin B (CB) and the expression of this marker was correlated with growth in soft agar and saturation density in monolayer culture. Cell lines derived from carcinoma of the bladder (T24 and RT4), kidney (Caki-1), prostate (DU 145), and breast (MCF-7) multinucleated when growth in CB-supplemented medium, whereas cell cultures derived from benign bladder epithelium (HCV-29), and normal kidney (Flow 4000) and skin (GM10) remained binucleate under comparable conditions. Human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells transformed by murine sarcoma virus (MSV) or a chemical carcinogen extensively multinucleated in response to CB treatment, relative to a morphological revertant of MSV-transformed HOS and parental HOS cells. CB-induced multinucleation was consistently correlated with the ability of cells to form colonies in soft agar but inconsistently correlated with growth to high saturation densities. These results demonstrate a differential response to CB by normal and transformed human cells and that CB-induced multinucleation provides a convenient and useful in vitro marker for neoplastic transformation.
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PMID:Cytochalasin B-induced multinucleation of human tumor and normal cell cultures. 739 90

Bladder Cancer Associated Protein (BLCAP, formerly Bc10), was identified by our laboratory as being down-regulated in bladder cancer with progression. BLCAP is ubiquitously expressed in different tissues, and several studies have found differential expression of BLCAP in various cancer types, such as cervical and renal cancer, as well as human tongue carcinoma and osteosarcoma. Here we report the first study of the expression patterns of BLCAP in breast tissue. We analyzed by immunohistochemistry tissue sections of normal and malignant specimens collected from 123 clinical high-risk breast cancer patients within the Danish Center for Translational Breast Cancer Research (DCTB) prospective study dataset. The staining pattern, the distribution of the immunostaining, and its intensity were studied in detail. We observed weak immunoreactivity for BLCAP in mammary epithelial cells, almost exclusively localizing to the cytoplasm and found that levels of expression of BLCAP were generally higher in malignant cells as compared to normal cells. Quantitative IHC analysis of BLCAP expression in breast tissues confirmed this differential BLCAP expression in tumor cells, and we could establish, in a 62-patient sample matched cohort, that immunostaining intensity for BLCAP was increased in tumors relative to normal tissue, in more than 45% of the cases examined, indicating that BLCAP may be of value as a marker for breast cancer. We also analyzed BLCAP expression and prognostic value using a set of tissue microarrays comprising an independent cohort of 2,197 breast cancer patients for which we had follow-up clinical information.
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PMID:Immunoexpression analysis and prognostic value of BLCAP in breast cancer. 2304 7

The association of sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) with small cell carcinoma (SCC) has not been systematically studied. We identified 39 consult cases between 2001 and 2016 with available slides for review in 28 cases. There were 19 men and 9 women (mean age: 78 years [51-89]). In 26 (92.8%) cases, the sarcomatoid component had nonspecific malignant spindle cells, 4 (14%) chondrosarcoma, 2 (7%) myxoid sarcomatous, 1 (3.5%) osteosarcoma, and 1 (3.5%) rhabdomyosarcoma. The predominant component was SCC in 11 (39%) cases, urothelial carcinoma in 6 (21%), sarcomatoid in 3 (10%), and equal sarcomatoid and SCC in 8 (29%). There were 3 morphological groups: group 1 (18/28 [64%]) showed a gradual transition from SCC to other components; group 2 (5/28 [18%]) had an abrupt transition from SCC to other components; and in group 3 (5/28 [18%]), the SCC was separate from other components. In group 1, 12 (66%) cases of SCC showed a gradual transition to sarcomatoid areas; 3 (17%) to urothelial carcinoma; and 3 (17%) to multiple components including squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and sarcomatoid. Mortality did not differ based on pathological groups. The 36-month actuarial risk of death was 64.3%. The multitude of different components in these tumors is further evidence of the remarkable ability of carcinoma of the bladder to show divergent differentiation with, in some cases, gradual transition between SCC and other elements including sarcomatoid. Greater recognition of this entity with chemotherapy targeted to the various histological elements may have important therapeutic implications.
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PMID:Sarcomatoid carcinoma associated with small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: a series of 28 cases. 2882 1

A 68-year-old Japanese man was referred to Tsukuba University Hospital for bladder cancer treatment. He had undergone a transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT) at a local hospital, but the pathological specimen did not contain muscle layer. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3 cm non-papillary bladder tumor with muscle invasion, but there was no apparent calcification. The patient underwent re-TURBT at our hospital for diagnosis and staging. A non-papillary pedunculated tumor was identified in the bladder dome, and it contained a small papillary part. The non-papillary part was stony hard and difficult to cut with electrocautery, whereas the small papillary part was easily cut. Histologically, the non-papillary part was composed of sarcomatous elements including osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and spindle cell sarcoma. The papillary part was composed of high-grade urothelial carcinoma and spindle cell sarcoma. Muscularis propria was not present in the specimen. Since the staging study with CT was negative for metastases, we performed a total cystectomy with an ileal conduit under the clinical diagnosis of muscle-invasive sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma. The pathological findings were identical to those of the re-TURBT specimens, and our diagnosis was pTxN0 sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with two courses of gemcitabine and cisplatin. There was neither recurrence nor metastases during the 20-month follow-up. Reports of sarcomatoid urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with an osteosarcoma element are rare, and only eight other cases hane been reported in the Japanese literature.
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PMID:[Sarcomatoid Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder Including an Osteosarcoma Element]. 2923 2