Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of these studies was to determine whether the high macrophage content (greater than 50 per cent) of the 90Sr-induced osteogenic sarcoma J (Os-J) of recent origin correlated with its immunogenicity or low metastatic potential. Cloning experiments demonstrated that the Os-J tumor is heterogeneous with regard to the production of experimental pulmonary metastases. Immunization-challenge studies in syngeneic mice and comparisons of tumor growth in normal or nude mice established that the slow growing Os-J tumor is poorly immunogenic. In vitro studies demonstrated that the Os-J tumor is highly susceptible to macrophages-mediated lysis. This may explain the slow growth of the tumor in normal recipients with an intact mononuclear phagocyte system, as compared with the more rapid emergence of tumors in macrophage-suppressed mice. However, spontaneous metastases of the Os-J tumor were not observed either in normal or macrophage-suppressed mice. Although a high macrophage infiltration of neoplasms could slow tumor growth, this was not associated with the immunogenicity of the neoplasm and did not appear to limit the spontaneous metastasis of this essentially benign neoplasm.
 ...
PMID:Relationship of macrophage content, immunogenicity, and metastatic potential of a murine osteosarcoma of recent origin. 386 89

The distribution of 14C-APD and 99mTc-APD (APD = 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid) in untreated rats and in rats bearing intratibially transplanted osteosarcomas was investigated autoradiographically and scintigraphically. Also investigated was the effect of high doses of APD on survival time and tumor growth of osteosarcoma-bearing rats. Intravenous administration of APD resulted in high rates of APD accumulation in bones, tumor tissue and pulmonary metastases as well as in dose-related accumulation in the liver. No significant increase in the median survival time of tumor-bearing animals was achieved at the two dosage schemes tested, i.e. 2 X 23.5 mg/kg and 10 X 11.75 mg/kg APD. The growth of primary tumors was slightly increased by administration of APD. The chemosensitivity of the transplantable osteosarcoma model was demonstrated by comparison with dacarbazine-treated control animals.
 ...
PMID:Distribution of 3-amino-1-hydroxypropane-1,1-diphosphonic acid in rats and effects on rat osteosarcoma. 386 53

An organ-specific alkaline phosphatase inhibitor, L-homoarginine, at 44.5 mM concentration inhibited [3H]thymidine uptake by C3H/He mouse osteosarcoma (OS) cells, while L-arginine, L-phenylalanine, and glycine had little effect on the uptake. This inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine persisted even after the cells were washed free of the amino acid with fresh media. L-Homoarginine did not affect [3H]thymidine uptake by mouse myeloma MOPC 104E cells. In long-term culture, 22.3 mM L-homoarginine inhibited proliferation of OS cells. L-Arginine at the same concentration inhibited the proliferation to a lesser extent. On the other hand, L-phenylalanine and glycine did not affect in vitro proliferation of OS cells. When the same number of viable OS cells was inoculated s.c. after culturing the 24 hr with 44.5 mM L-homoarginine or L-arginine, the tumor growth in mice given injections of L-homoarginine (but not L-arginine)-treated cells was delayed markedly. Electron microscopic studies indicated that the inhibiting effect on OS cell proliferation was associated with a marked increase in lysosomal granules and a decrease in virus-like structures. Similarly, biochemical assay for acid phosphatase of cell homogenates demonstrated a 2-fold increase of activity in L-homoarginine-treated cells when compared to controls and L-arginine-treated cells. Thus, L-homoarginine inhibits proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of mouse OS cells and appears to increase acid phosphatase activity in synthesis of lysosomal granules.
 ...
PMID:Inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine on murine osteosarcoma cell proliferation. 617 11

An organ-specific alkaline phosphatase (AIP) inhibitor, L-homoarginine at 44.5 mM concentration inhibited 3H-thymidine uptake by mouse C3H/He osteosarcoma (OS) cells, while L-arginine, L-phenylalanine and L-glycine had little effect on the uptake. This inhibitory effect by L-homoarginine persisted even after the cells were washed free of the amino acid with fresh media. L-homoarginine did not affect 3H-thymidine uptake by mouse myeloma MOPC 104E cells. In the long-term culture, 22.3 mM L-homoarginine inhibited proliferation of OS cells. L-Arginine at the same concentration inhibited the proliferation to a lesser extent. On the other hand, L-phenylalanine and L-glycine did not affect in vitro proliferation of OS cells. When similar numbers of viable OS cells were inoculated s. c. after culturing with 44.5 mM L-homoarginine or L-arginine for 24 hr, the tumor growth in mice injected with L-homoarginine (but not L-arginine) treated cells was delayed markedly. Electron microscopic studies indicated that the inhibitory effect on OS cell proliferation was associated with a marked increase in lysosomal granules and a decrease in virus-like structures. Similarly, a biochemical assay of acid phosphatase (AcP) of the cell homogenates demonstrated two-fold increase of the activity in L-homoarginine treated cells when compared to the controls and L-arginine treated cells. Thus, L-homoarginine inhibits proliferation and AIP activity of mouse OS cells and appears to promote cell differentiation as evidenced by the increased synthesis of cytoplasmic granules and acid phosphatase activity.
 ...
PMID:[Inhibitory effect of L-homoarginine on murine osteosarcoma cell proliferation]. 619 5

Wistar rats treated with cyclophosphamide, total lymphoid irradiation (TLI), and/or cyclosporin A (CSA) develop a state of immune suppression permitting the growth of tumor xenografts. Experiments were carried out on this newly developed model to investigate the growth patterns of a mouse osteosarcoma and a human colon adenocarcinoma. The combination of cyclophosphamide and CSA permitted a limited period of growth of the mouse osteosarcoma with a tumor take rate of 66%. No takes were observed with the human adenocarcinoma. The combination of cyclophosphamide and TLI resulted in a period of immunosuppression followed by recovery of the immune status. During the period of immunosuppression, tumor xenografts showed a 100% take rate. The most efficient immunosuppression was achieved by a combination of cyclophosphamide, TLI and CSA administered on alternate days. Wistar rats subjected to this treatment showed prolonged tolerance to mouse osteosarcoma and human adenocarcinoma xenografts. There was no alteration in the tumor doubling time or histological morphology of the xenografts in the adapted host as compared with those in the donor tumors. The tumor growth curve showed a pattern of initial growth, a period of stagnation, followed by a steady but slower growth phase. The significance of the results and the advantages of the rat model described in this paper for human tumor xenotransplantation are discussed.
 ...
PMID:Growth pattern of tumor xenografts in Wistar rats after treatment with cyclophosphamide, total lymphoid irradiation and/or cyclosporin A. 657 7

We studied the effect of human leukocyte interferon (HuIFN-alpha) on a human osteosarcoma (OS-OH) transplanted and passed serially in athymic mice. The growth of OS-OH was strikingly inhibited by HuIFN-alpha (50,000 IU/mouse), regardless of whether the interferon treatment was initiated 24 hr after tumor inoculation or 2 weeks later, when tumors had grown to an appreciable size (4-6 mm). The antitumor effect of HuIFN-alpha was found to be dose-dependent and a daily administration of HuIFN-alpha (50,000 IU/mouse) all but completely arrested the tumor growth.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor effect of human leukocyte interferon on human osteosarcoma transplanted into nude mice. 658 Jan 70

Alkaline phosphatase (AP) has been demonstrated by combined electron microscopy and histochemistry in a transplantable rat osteogenic sarcoma, using a modified Gomori technique (Salomon, 1974). During the early stages of growth of subcutaneously implanted tumors, AP was detected in intracellular membrane systems resembling Golgi and on membranes of cells and matrix vesicles. During growth of the tumor, there was extensive development of intercellular collagen, and AP was demonstrated in bodies associated with collagen. In some cases the AP-containing bodies resembled matrix vesicles, but there was considerable size heterogeneity of the AP-containing bodies, suggesting that there may be heterogeneity of matrix vesicles. The amount of detectable AP seemed to increase in all areas of the tumor which were viable, during tumor growth, but no AP could be detected in cell debris of necrotic areas of the tumor (area C) nor associated with collagen in that area. Area D, particularly during later stages of tumor growth, showed the greatest development of calcium deposits, with calcium spicules apparently associated with AP-containing bodies on both cell membranes and collagen. AP-containing bodies also appeared in large numbers in venules during later stages of tumor growth, associated with an amorphous material. This may account for the increase in serum AP activity which occurs during later stages of growth of transplanted tumors. The sites of AP activity in this osteogenic sarcoma were similar to those described in normal tissue, but generally seemed to be more abundant.
 ...
PMID:An ultrastructural study of alkaline phosphatase in a transplantable rat osteogenic sarcoma. 658 6

The growth of three human tumor xenografts, namely an Ewing sarcoma, a colon carcinoma and an osteosarcoma, was compared in nude and conditioned mice. Conditioning protocols included (1) immune deprivation (thymectomy, lethal irradiation and cytosine arabinoside pretreatment); (2) immunosuppression with procarbazine, cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte serum; and (3) continuous administration of cyclosporin A. Similar tumor growth was seen in nude mice, immune-deprived mice and mice treated with the medium and high-dose immunosuppressive protocol. Cyclosporin A allowed only very modest tumor growth. In the main comparative experiment with the Ewing sarcoma and the colon carcinoma, overall survival was lowest with nude mice (17%), higher with immune-deprived mice (61%) and best with immunosuppressed mice (81 and 87%). For the screening of anticancer agents the immunosuppressive protocol consisting of synergistic procarbazine, cyclophosphamide and antithymocyte serum may be added to the already available models. It allows adequate tumor growth with good animal survival and does not require operative procedures and irradiation.
 ...
PMID:Comparative growth of human tumors in pharmacologically immunosuppressed, immune-deprived, cyclosporin A-treated and nude mice. 674 12

Intratibial inoculation of a Moloney strain of Murine Sarcoma Virus (MSV-M) in neonatal Wistar-Lewis rats produced osteosarcoma in 96% of animals and resulted in a median survival of 20 days. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of doxorubicin (adriamycin) (1-2 mg/kg/d, on day 10-12) resulted in reduced tumor growth and prolonged median survival to 95+ and 64 days, respectively. Higher dose doxorubicin (3-4 mg/kg/d, on day 10-12) caused early lethal toxicity. Autopsy data revealed a characteristic sarcomatous tumor producing osteoid. Gross pulmonary nodules appeared in 30% of both treated and untreated animals. Microscopic evaluation of lung tissue revealed anaplastic tumors without osteoid in as many as 90% of rats. Hepatosplenomegaly was usually present but microscopic sections of the spleen did not reveal tumor. Long bone metastases were increased in frequency in those animals receiving doxorubicin. Cell mediated immunity (CMI) to osteosarcoma cells by peripheral blood lymphocytes of tumor-bearing animals was detectable between days 21-48. This was bimodal with an early peak at day 21 (CMI = 56%) and a late peak at day 39 (CMI = 48%). CMI in rats given 1 mg/kg/d x 3d of doxorubicin was similar, with peak cytotoxicity (CMI = 61%) on day 26. Two mg/kg/d x 3d of doxorubicin did not significantly suppress either the early response (CMI = 50% on day 22) or the second peak (CMI = 38% and 50% on day 40 and 46, respectively). Thus, doxorubicin was effective in decreasing the growth of an MSV-M induced osteosarcoma and prolonging survival in the rat while usually failing to suppress CMI against rat osteosarcoma cells.
 ...
PMID:Antitumor effects of doxorubicin against a virally-induced rat osteosarcoma with minimal immunosuppression. 693 62

The human osteosarcoma cell line, MG63, responds both to GM-CSF and to G-CSF in vitro. To assess the significance of these observations to tumor growth in vivo, MG63 cells were engineered by retroviral infection to produce human GM-CSF or G-CSF. These retrovirally infected cells become autostimulatory as measured by increased [3H]-thymidine incorporation (3- to 7-fold) and anchorage-independent colony formation (7- to 10-fold) as compared with uninfected MG63 cells or cells infected with control (neor) retrovirus. The increased proliferation induced by exogenous GM-CSF or G-CSF on uninfected MG63 cells in both assays could be completely inhibited by anti-GM-CSF or anti-G-CSF antibodies, while the same antibodies only partially abrogated proliferation by the growth-factor-producing cells. None of 34 nude or SCID mice developed tumors when injected s.c. with uninfected or neor-virus-infected cells. In contrast, all 30 mice injected with GM-CSF- or G-CSF-producing MG63 cells developed tumors which were G418-resistant and factor-producing. Tumor cell DNA showed a polyclonal retroviral integration pattern indistinguishable from that in the DNA of cells injected into mice. Tumors that formed following injection of a mixture of G418-resistant, GM-CSF-producing cells and cells infected with virus containing only the hygror gene contained hygromycin-resistant cells in the same proportion as was present in the original cell mixture. These data indicate that GM-CSF and G-CSF can support the growth of an osteosarcoma cell line both in vitro and in vivo whether the factor is supplied by autocrine production or from exogenous sources.
 ...
PMID:The effect of GM-CSF and G-CSF on the growth of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro and in vivo. 750 89


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>