Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thirteen clones were established from a Dunn osteosarcoma by means of limiting dilution. The heterogeneity of four parameters (in vivo and in vitro growth rates, alkaline phosphatase activity and metastatic capacity) was clearly demonstrated. Statistical analysis does not reveal a high correlation between the four parameters. The highly metastatic clones 5 and 10 lost tumorigenicity at the primary site. The presence of these clones suggests that the microenvironment of the host is able to control tumor growth and that metastasis should be considered as a differentiated phenotype in tumor progression.
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PMID:Establishment of highly metastatic clones without tumorigenicity derived from Dunn osteosarcoma. 320 8

Tumors in 23 patients were studied by means of in vivo phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy. In five patients, the response to chemotherapy and radiation therapy was monitored in a long-term follow-up study. In one patient, the P-31 MR spectra were recorded during the infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs. In comparison with healthy muscle tissue of patients, the tumors showed elevated inorganic phosphate, phosphomonoester, and phosphodiester peaks and reduced creatine phosphate peaks, whereas the nucleoside 5'-triphosphate levels remained nearly unchanged. Tumor treatment resulted in changes in the ratio of the signal intensity value of creatine phosphate to that of inorganic phosphate and in the sum of these values. In an osteosarcoma, an initial response followed by renewed tumor growth was clearly indicated by changes in these parameters. In the short-term follow-up examination, slight spectral changes were observed during the infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs. Changes in the concentrations of phosphorus metabolites during therapy can therefore be monitored in human tumors by means of P-31 MR spectroscopy.
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PMID:Monitoring human tumor response to therapy by means of P-31 MR spectroscopy. 333 31

We have made experiments on transplantation of human osteosarcoma into nude mice, and investigated the correlation between experiment results and prognosis of donor patients. Tumor take was observed in 36 of 60 cases (60%) in the initial transplantation, 23 cases (38.3%) in the second passage and 16 cases in the serial transfer of three passages or more. Clinical prognosis was classified into three categories and analyzed. As to the correlation between positive or negative tumor take in the 2nd passage and presence or absence of metastasis, there was a significant relationship was found between tumor take and metastasis. Then, in mice with serially transplantable tumor, the correlation between experiment results and postmetastatic prognosis was investigated. In cases with low tumor growth index, persistence of zone formation and low alkaline phosphatase level, postmetastatic prognosis was good with statistical significance. Consequently, these experiments are highly useful for prediction of clinical prognosis.
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PMID:Transplantation of human osteosarcoma into nude mouse--correlation between experiment results and prognosis of patients. 345 85

The energy metabolism of Dunn osteosarcoma subcutaneously implanted in C3H/He mice was studied in vivo by a 31P-NMR spectrometer with surface-coils. The spectra of Dunn osteosarcoma showed peaks of sugar phosphate, inorganic phosphate, phosphocreatine, phosphomonoester, and ATPs. In the early stage of the tumor growth phosphocreatine and ATP showed large signal intensities and the tissue pH was 7.23 +/- 0.08. Following the tumor growth phosphocreatine and ATP decreased and the tissue pH fell to 6.82 +/- 0.08. Immediately after a small dose of MTX (2 mg/kg) was administered, an increase of inorganic phosphate and a decrease of phosphocreatine were temporarily observed when MTX concentrations of the tumor tissues were maximum. High energy metabolites were apparently consumed with the active transport of MTX. After twelve hours of a high dose of MTX (500 mg/kg) was administered, disappearance of phosphocreatine and ATP with an increase of inorganic phosphate was observed previous to the histological change. In vivo 31P-NMR spectroscopy may be useful in the evaluation of chemotherapy.
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PMID:[In vivo 31P-NMR studies on energy metabolism and the effect of methotrexate in murine implanted osteosarcoma]. 346 60

A transplantable murine osteogenic sarcoma was characterized to determine its suitability as a model for human cancer and to evaluate specific end points to study therapeutic intervention. Palpable tumors developed at implantation sites following latent periods of 8 to 21 days and grew to 3 g masses within 60 days. The tumor model was predictable in its manner of tumor growth, tumor production of alkaline phosphatase, formation of pulmonary metastases, and the survival of the host. It was found to be sensitive to treatment with cyclophosphamide and vincristine and to a lesser extent to adriamycin and 4'-epi-adriamycin. It did not show a response to treatment with cis-platinum, actinomycin D, or m-AMSA. Survival of the host is limited by the progression of metastatic disease and local control does not appreciably extend the median survival time. Thus, population survival should be used as a measure of the effectiveness of treatment of pulmonary metastases. Circulating alkaline phosphatase levels may best be used in assessing the response to treatment of the primary osteogenic sarcoma.
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PMID:Further characterization of a transplantable murine osteogenic sarcoma. 347 Jan 7

In a retrospective radiologic and histologic study of 286 osteosarcomas in files of a metropolitan hospital, four patients (three men and one woman) with osteosarcomas confined to the epiphysis were identified. In this series, there were also 16 metaphyseal osteosarcomas that extended to the epiphysis with penetration through the cartilaginous growth plate, a structure that ordinarily resists tumor growth. All tumors occurred in the femoral condyle. Characteristically, all four patients had histories of knee joint pain, and three reported antecedent trauma. Radiologically, the tumors showed predominantly lytic features. Histologically, three of the tumors were osteoblastic in type, and one was mostly chondroblastic. Purely epiphyseal osteosarcoma has overlapping radiologic features with clear cell chondrosarcoma, epiphyseal chondroblastoma, and epiphyseal enchondroma. The epiphyseal osteosarcomas of the distal femur reported here were characterized by a history of symptoms localized to the knee joint itself as a consequence of their epiphyseal location and joint involvement. This is in contrast to the usual metaphyseal osteosarcomas, which present with lower thigh pain and swelling. Because osteosarcomas may present as lytic tumors confined to the epiphysis, they should be included in the differential diagnosis of such lesions.
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PMID:Epiphyseal osteosarcoma: distinguishing features from clear cell chondrosarcoma, chondroblastoma, and epiphyseal enchondroma. 347 6

Case histories of 5 tumor patients treated with natural leukocyte interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) are presented. One patient with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis responded well to interferon treatment, but the disease recurred when therapy was withdrawn. Upon reinstitution of treatment, the patient once again responded well. Another patient with myelomatosis also responded well to interferon therapy and in this case, too, the tumor recurred when interferon treatment was withdrawn. Reinstitution of interferon therapy was, however, unsuccessful. One patient with generalized giant cell tumor of bone responded with regression after more than 5 years of interferon treatment. Another patient with pulmonary osteosarcoma metastases, having received irradiation and interferon combination therapy followed by sole interferon treatment, responded well with a lasting stationary radiogram after 6 years of interferon treatment. One patient with malignant glioma, showing signs of tumor growth during the first few months of interferon therapy, eventually responded, and became disease-free after 6 years. The latter 3 patients are continuously receiving interferon therapy although more than 5 years have elapsed since their interferon therapy was initiated. It is suggested that interferon therapy for malignant tumors be given for life (or to progression of disease) in responding patients. Such a concept entails biological implications for interferon therapy in general and for antitumor action of interferons in particular. Other possible clinical schedules should only be constructed within the framework of controlled clinical trials.
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PMID:Does successful interferon treatment of tumor patients require life-long treatment? 347 1

The aim of this study was to investigate whether the newly synthesized bisphosphonic acid-linked N-Lost derivative BAD retains bone-seeking and cytostatic properties. The paper describes experiments on mutagenicity in vitro and on toxicity in vivo. BAD is characterized by very low mutagenic activity toward histidine auxotrophic Salmonella typhimurium strains. Cytotoxic effects were tested in rat osteosarcoma and in Walker carcinosarcoma 256B. The LD50 of i.v. injected BAD was 146 mg/kg. Acute toxicity is probably caused by calcium complexing of the bisphosphonate part of the molecule. Labeling experiments showed moderate accumulation in bone and osteosarcoma, as well as in lung metastases. BAD effected high tumor growth inhibition in osteosarcoma and Walker carcinosarcoma-bearing rats and marked prolongation of survival; histologic and radiographic examination revealed rapid calcification of osteosarcoma and lung metastases. BAD-pretreatment produced protective effects against osteolysis induced by intratibially implanted Walker carcinosarcoma ascites cells. The cytostatic efficacy of equitoxic doses of BAD in rat osteosarcoma is comparable to that of dacarbazine and in Walker carcinosarcoma to that of melphalan.
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PMID:Synthesis, antitumor activity, distribution and toxicity of 4-[4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl]-1-hydroxybutane-1 1-bisphosphonic acid (BAD), a new lost derivative with increased accumulation in rat osteosarcoma. 352 74

The anticancer alkaloid vindesine (VDS) was conjugated to four mouse monoclonal antibodies recognizing human tumor-associated antigens. The antibodies were 96.5 (antimelanoma, IgG2a); 791T/36 (antiosteogenic sarcoma, IgG2b); 11.285.14, and 14.95.55 (anticarcinoembryonic antigen, IgG1 and IgG2a respectively). Conjugates VDS-96.5 and VDS-791T/36 were tested in vitro and shown to be specifically cytotoxic for target cells expressing the appropriate antigen. The in vivo effects of the antibodies and conjugates were tested against human tumor xenografts in athymic or immunodeprived mice using multiple treatments. Conjugate VDS-96.5 retarded the initial growth of a melanoma xenograft, whereas free antibody was without effect. Similarly, VDS-791T/36 but not free antibody retarded the growth of osteogenic sarcoma 791T. The most marked antitumor effects observed were those obtained with VDS conjugates of the anti-CEA antibodies against a colorectal tumor xenograft. Antibody 14.95.55 suppressed tumor growth both alone and as a VDS conjugate, whereas 11.285.14 produced only a slight effect alone but an almost complete and lasting suppression of tumor growth as a VDS conjugate. Free VDS had little effect at nontoxic levels. Acute studies showed that VDS-11.285.14 conjugate was considerably less toxic than free VDS in Balb/c mice.
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PMID:Antitumor properties of vindesine-monoclonal antibody conjugates. 384 70

The effects of physical restraint and poly I:C treatment on the growth of MOPC 104E myeloma and murine osteosarcoma and survival of animals bearing such tumors were investigated. Our studies show that in the Balb/c mice with MOPC 104E myeloma the effects of restraint stress were detrimental and lead to early death of the mice. When the restraint was combined with poly I:C, during the early course of the disease, restraint stress neutralized the beneficial effects of the poly I:C treatment. These studies show that under certain circumstances, restraint stress can negate the effects of therapy. On the other hand, restraint stress produced an opposite effect in C3H/He mice with murine osteosarcoma tumor treated in the same fashion. In mice with osteosarcoma, restraint stress delayed tumor growth and increased the median survival time. When restraint stress was combined with poly I:C treatment, the mean tumor size was smaller and median survival was substantially increased over the control group. Because poly I:C therapy delayed tumor growth and increased survival in both models, efforts to strengthen this response were tested by conditioning. Our studies show the response to poly I:C as measured by elevation of the NK activity could be conditioned with camphor smell. Conditioning of the host to raise immune activity to alter the outcome of disease is a new area yet to be explored and has important clinical significance. These studies, we believe, are important because they explore the connection between mind and body and resistance to disease.
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PMID:Neural and environmental influences on neoplasia and conditioning of NK activity. 385 49


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