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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Metastases of osteosarcoma in the mouth are rare, and only few cases have been described. We present a case of telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the femur in a 15-year-old girl, who developed metastases in the humerus, lungs and retromolar area 4 years after initial diagnosis and treatment. The girl died 2 months after the diagnosis of metastases despite treatment with chemotherapy. This report emphasizes that telangiectatic osteosarcoma has a very poor prognosis, particularly when multiple metastases develop.
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PMID:Oral metastasis of telangiectatic osteosarcoma. 1265 38

We report a case of a 23-year-old man with primary pelvic telangiectatic osteosarcoma metastatic to both orbits. The patient had proptosis with optic neuropathies and intermittent third nerve palsies. His disease was unresponsive to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, and extensive craniofacial involvement precluded surgical resection. The patient died of his disease. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma, a rare variant of osteosarcoma that is distinguished by blood-filled cystic spaces, may metastasize to the orbit and skull base. Because telangiectatic osteosarcoma may radiographically resemble other benign and malignant lesions, biopsy is essential for accurate diagnosis that will ultimately dictate clinical therapy. However, patients with this disease have a poor prognosis.
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PMID:Primary pelvic telangiectatic osteosarcoma metastatic to both orbits. 1475 17

Survival of osteosarcoma has greatly improved in the past few decades. Knee prosthesis is a well-recognized limb salvage procedure for osteosarcoma of the distal end of the femur. One drawback is that prostheses have a limited life and prosthetic failure with the inherent high rate of reoperations remains a serious long-term problem for former osteosarcoma patients. The segmental cement extraction system (SEG-CES) is a technique to remove cement in arthroplasty revision, based on a cement-bone interface with a lower strength compared to the old cement-new cement interface. We report the case of a 32-year-old former osteosarcoma patient in whom the SEG-CES was applied to remove a long-stemmed total knee cemented prosthesis. The prosthesis was placed 17 years before for a recurrent telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the left femur. Thirteen years after the prosthesis implantation, the patient complained of knee instability, pain, and complete failure of the extensor apparatus. The extraction of the prosthesis was performed using cylindrical batters of diameter corresponding to the diameter of the axle, two hammer extractors clamping the prosthesis components between two jaws. Extraction of the periprosthetic cement in the femoral and tibial components was done using the SEG-CES technique. The successful prosthesis removal performed in this patient allowed us to perform an external fixation with bone lengthening and reconstruction by the Ilizarov method.
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PMID:Segmental cement extraction system (SEG-CES) and the Ilizarov method in limb salvage procedure after total knee cemented prosthesis removal in a former osteosarcoma patient. 1566 Feb 73

Although osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone, it has only been reported to arise from the patella in a handful of cases. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma accounts for <5% of all osteosarcomas, and it is distinguished histologically by spaces, often blood filled, separated by septa containing highly malignant cells and radiographically by a predominately lytic and/or expansile component. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma can be radiologically confused with aneurysmal bone cyst or giant cell tumor. A 22-year-old otherwise healthy man presented with increasing pain, swelling, and limited flexion of the right knee after failing physical therapy for anterior knee pain. Standard anteroposterior and lateral radiographs demonstrated a diffuse destructive process involving the majority of the patella (including loss of the inferior patellar cortex) and a lytic lesion of the proximal tibia. Apparent osteoid matrix was visible in the soft tissue extension along the inferior pole of the patella. A computed tomography scan of the chest showed 2 pulmonary nodules consistent with metastatic disease. Evaluation of core needle biopsy showed osteosarcoma with telangiectatic features. Given that the majority of the tumor involved the patella/extensor mechanism, it was clear that the tumor originated in the patella. This case presents the first published report of a telangiectatic osteosarcoma arising from the patella.
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PMID:Telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the patella. 1929 11

Most data on osteosarcoma is derived from pediatric studies. Although the majority of adult patients with osteosarcoma are young adults, who might be treated in a similar fashion, experience derived from a slightly older population is helpful in directing therapy. We treated a series of 123 patients with osteosarcoma of the extremities with adriamycin and cisplatin as induction therapy. Adriamycin was infused intravenously at 90 mg/m2 over 96 h. Cisplatin was infused intra-arterially at 120-160 mg/m2 over 2-24 h. Sequential addition of methotrexate and methotrexate plus ifosfamide in subsequent cohorts improved the continuous relapse-free survival of poor responders such that overall survival improvement was noted in the group where therapy was modified by adding both agents to those with <90% tumor necrosis. Patients with chondroblastic osteosarcoma with poor necrosis had a trend towards improved continuous relapse-free survival compared with other patients with conventional osteosarcoma. Histologic variants of osteosarcoma except telangiectatic osteosarcoma had a worse prognosis than those with conventional osteosarcoma. The variants, especially dedifferentiated parosteal osteosarcoma and dedifferentiated well-differentiated intraosseous osteosarcoma are more common in adults than children, accounting for some of the inferior prognosis in adults. Older patients obviously cannot tolerate the doses of therapy given to children and young adults, again decreasing the chances of successful treatment. Patients with secondary osteosarcoma are often much older as are many with osteosarcomas of the pelvis and jaw. These tumors tend to be less responsive. An attempt to intensify therapy in poor-prognosis patients with a three-drug regimen of adriamycin, cisplatin, and ifosfamide with peripheral stem cell support was unsuccessful at prolonging relapse-free survival, and we no longer use that approach.
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PMID:Pediatric and adult osteosarcoma: comparisons and contrasts in presentation and therapy. 2021 1

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS), an uncommon variant of osteosarcoma, involving skull bones is extremely rare. We present clinico-pathological, imageological and treatment outcome of a primary TOS of occipital bone in a 30-year-old woman and review the previously reported skull bone TOS. We suggest that TOS should be included in the differential diagnosis of destructive lytic lesions involving the skull bones. As radical surgical procedures are not applicable to skull bones, the outcome is poor even with adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:Primary telangiectatic osteosarcoma of occipital bone: a case report and review of literature. 2133 78

The aim of this article was to investigate the correlation between expression of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) in osteosarcoma and the curative effect of alkylating agent (Cis-diaminodichloroplatinum, CDDP). 42 male patients and 34 female patients with a median age of 17 years (9 to 43 years) were eligible for this study. According to histopathological types, there were 3 cases of telangiectatic osteogenic sarcoma, 22 cases of osteoblastic, 11 cases of chondroblastic and 16 cases of fibroblastic sarcoma. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of MGMT protein. The correlations between MGMT expression and the curative effect of CDDP on osteosarcoma have been investigated. It was shown by immunohistochemical staining that among 76 osteosarcoma biopsy specimens, 52 (68%) cases were positive, 27 (35%) cases were weak positive, 18 (24%), cases were moderate positive, and 7 (9%) cases were strong positive. There were no significant differences in MGMT expression among different pathological types of tumors (p>0.5). After CDDP chemotherapy, among pathologic specimens in which MGMT expression was positive, necrosis rates were as follows: grade I, 5 cases (38%); grade II, 7 cases (25%); grade III, 15 cases (21%); grade IV, 2 cases (23%). Osteosarcoma necrosis rate was low when the expression of MGMT protein was positive, whereas necrosis rate was high when there was a low level of MGMT expression (p<0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the level of MGMT expression in osteosarcoma tissue and osteosarcoma necrosis rate after cisplatin chemotherapy.
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PMID:The significance of MGMT protein detection in evaluation of osteosarcoma necrosis rate after cisplatin chemotherapy. 2161 52

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma (TOS) is one of the 8 subtypes of osteosarcoma that infrequently affects the spine. The radiopathological features of TOS overlap with those of more benign entities, most commonly the aneurysmal bone cyst), and therefore is a significant diagnostic challenge. It is a rare but well-described entity in the thoracolumbar and sacral spine, and to the authors' knowledge has not been previously reported in the cervical spine. The authors report the case of a 15-year-old boy who presented with a 6-month history of neck pain and torticollis. He underwent preoperative glue embolization followed by a staged subtotal C-5 spondylectomy and posterior fusion for a C-5 vertebral body lytic expansile lesion. Histopathological examination showed the lesion to be TOS. The surgery was followed by adjuvant radiation and chemotherapy with a favorable outcome at the 1-year follow-up. This report reiterates that TOS is an important differential diagnosis for aneurysmal bone cyst and giant-cell tumor of the spine, as its biological behavior and clinical outcome differ from those of these more benign lesions, which it mimics.
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PMID:Primary telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the cervical spine. 2222 87

Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma is an unusual variant of osteosarcoma, forming 3% to 10% of all osteosarcomas. Radiographically, these tumors appear as purely lytic destructive lesions located in the metaphyses of long bones. The location and x-ray appearance of telangiectatic osteosarcomas are reminiscent of an aneurysmal bone cyst and can test the acumen of a diagnostic radiologist. Distinguishing between the two entities microscopically can also be quite challenging. Telangiectatic osteosarcoma shows dilated blood-filled spaces lined or traversed by septa containing atypical stromal cells, with or without production of a lacelike osteoid matrix. This review highlights the diagnostic features of telangiectatic osteosarcoma and discusses differential diagnostic considerations, treatment options, and prognostic implications.
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PMID:Telangiectatic osteosarcoma. 2254 Mar 7

Malignant transformation of a fibrous dysplasia into an osteosarcoma is very rare. We report the case of an 84-year-old man with telangiectatic osteosarcoma of the upper femur arising in a previous fibrous dysplasia also known as liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor. The tumor was expressing the epithelial membrane antigen. This is the first described case of a malignant transformation into an osteosarcoma arising in a liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor. We discuss the main differential diagnosis with a review.
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PMID:[Telangiectatic osteosarcoma secondary to a liposclerosing myxofibrous tumor: a case report]. 2301 Mar 99


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