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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-seven aneurysmal bone cysts which were associated with or secondary to other lesions of bone are reported. The most common associations were with solitary or unicameral bone cyst, and with osteoclastoma. Other associated lesions included osteosarcoma, nonosteogenic fibroma, osteoblastoma, hemangioendothelioma, and hemangioma of bone. Five aneurysmal bone cysts were secondary to fracture or other bone trauma.
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PMID:Aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to other osseous lesions. Report of 57 cases. 105 53

After a review of the potential of current methods of investigation and of the slightly modified WHO bone tumor classification, the following neoplastic lesions, the diagnosis and treatment of which still present some unsolved problems, are described in detail: giant cell tumor (osteoclastoma); osteosarcoma, with special reference to malignant osteoblastoma; periosteal osteosarcoma and its disputed relation with or supposed identity to juxtacortical chondrosarcoma; Ewing's sarcoma; and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
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PMID:Current trends in the diagnosis and treatment of malignant bone tumors. 631 71

Out of 21 900 cases filed at the Latin-American Registry of Bone Pathology between April 1940 and July 1981, there were 987 with Paget's disease (4.51 per cent); 62 of these (6.28 per cent) were complicated by sarcoma and two were associated with giant-cell tumours of bone (osteoclastoma) without signs of malignancy. There was a slight predominance of men and the ages ranged from 45 to 87 years, with an average of 66 years. The most frequent sites were the femur (23 cases), the humerus (nine), the pelvis (10), and the tibia (nine). The low incidence of vertebral involvement (five cases) is noteworthy and is in sharp contrast to uncomplicated Paget's disease. The most common tumour type was osteosarcoma (39 cases), followed by fibrosarcoma (15 cases); other varieties (chondrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma and reticulum-cell sarcoma) were much rarer. Most of the sarcomata occurred when the Paget's disease was polyostotic. Tumours often developed simultaneously, or at short time intervals, in the same or different bones; these bones had, in all cases, been affected by Paget's disease. The histological features of the osteosarcomata were characteristic, with large numbers of osteoclast giant cells, alternating with atypical osteoblasts, thus exaggerating the anarchic remodelling process of Paget's disease. The neighbouring areas of the pagetic bone showed an increased number of osteoclasts. These facts suggest a possible pathogenetic relationship between sarcoma and Paget's disease; the possibility of both processes having a viral aetiology is discussed.
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PMID:Sarcoma complicating Paget's disease of bone. A clinicopathological study of 62 cases. 657 30

A microspectrophotometric study of DNA content was carried out on cells from three types of bone tumor--osteoclastoma, chondroblastoma, and osteosarcoma--in all of which the formation of multinucleated giant cells occurs. Giant cells of osteoclastic type were present in all the tumors, with contents of DNA which were constant, uniform and diploid in character for each nucleus individually considered. Since there were no nuclei with reduced or increased content of DNA, mitotic proliferation or gemmation can be excluded. Instead, the evidence suggests the formation of giant cells through a mechanism of cellular fusion. In contrast, the stromal cells of the osteoclastomas and the chondroblastomas gave evidence of DNA synthesis, thus proving their proliferative capacity in both tumors. The osteosarcomas showed a very irregular distribution of DNA, and generally the nuclear content of DNA exceeded the diploid DNA content.
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PMID:Microspectrophotometric quantitation of DNA in bone tumors with giant cells (osteoclastoma, osteosarcoma and chondroblastoma). 693 15

Any pathological damage occurring in a bone will produce either an osteolytic or osteosclerotic lesion which can be seen in the macroscopic specimen as well as in the roentgenogram. Various bone lesions may lead to local destructions of the bone. An osteoma or osteoplastic osteosarcoma produces an osteosclerotic lesion showing a dense mass in the roentgenogram; a chondroblastoma or an osteoclastoma, on the other had, induces an osteolytic focal lesion. This paper presents examples of different osteolytic lesions of the humerus. An osteolytic lesion seen in the roentgenogram may be either produced by an underlying non-ossifying fibroma of the bone, by fibrous dysplasia, osteomyelitis or Ewing's sarcoma. Differential diagnostic considerations based on the radiological picture include eosinophilic bone granuloma, juvenile or aneurysmal bone cyst, multiple myeloma or bone metastases. Serious differential diagnostic problems may be involved in case of osteolytic lesions occurring in the humerus. Cases of this type involving complications have been reported and include the presence of an teleangiectatic osteosarcoma as well as that of a hemangiosarcoma of the bone.
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PMID:[Intraosseous osteolytic lesions. Diagnostic, differential diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)]. 694 21

Light- and electron-microscopic investigations were performed in a case of cystic soap-bubble-like expansion of the shaft region of the second metatarsal bone. Morphologically, strongly cellular tissue with a closely packed net of osteoid trabeculae containing osteoblasts and a whorl-shaped spindle cell stroma with fibroblasts, fibrocytes, and irregularly scattered multinucleated giant cells of the osteoclast type were observed. After clinical and morphological exclusion of osteosarcoma, enchondroma, non-ossifying fibroma, osteoblastoma, osteoclastoma, and bone cysts the final diagnosis was giant-cell reaction of small tubular bone with unusual marked osteoid formation. As recurrences are possible, block resection appears more appropriate than curettage.
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PMID:Giant-cell reaction in the small tubular bones. A light- and electron-microscopic study. 694 96

Extracellular ATP acting through purinoceptors may be an important factor in the modulation of bone turnover. In this study we cloned and sequenced the P2U purinoceptor from osteoclastoma, confirming the recently published human sequence. Furthermore, by the reverse transcriptase-linked polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blotting we demonstrated expression of P2U receptor mRNA in bone, primary cultures of human bone-derived cells, and two osteosarcoma cell lines, Saos2 and Te85. P2U receptor transcripts were identified in alkaline phosphatase-positive human bone-derived cells isolated by flow cytometry providing strong evidence for the expression of the P2U purinoceptor in mature osteoblasts. P2U receptor transcripts were also detected in a purified giant cell population isolated from osteoclastoma, indicating that this receptor is also expressed by osteoclasts. These data suggest that purinergic agonists may play a role in the regulation of bone metabolism.
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PMID:Identification and cloning of human P2U purinoceptor present in osteoclastoma, bone, and osteoblasts. 748 91

Giant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a rare primary osteolytic tumor of bone that is characterized by massive tissue destruction at the epiphysis of long bones. There is no evidence that tumor cells themselves are capable of bone destruction; instead, it appears that the tumor cells of GCT act by promoting osteoclastogenesis and, as a consequence, osteoclastic bone resorption. However, the mechanism by which this is achieved is not understood. Here we attempted to determine whether osteoprotegerin ligand (OPGL), the factor that is necessary and essential for osteoclastogenesis, is involved in tumor cell-recruited osteoclast-like giant cell formation in GCT. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we sought to determine mRNA expression of OPGL, its receptor RANK, and its decoy receptor OPG in three major cell types of GCT. We demonstrated that OPG mRNA was expressed in all three cell types of GCT, OPGL transcripts were mainly detected in spindle-shaped stromal-like tumor cells, whereas RANK was expressed only in macrophage-like mononuclear cells and multinuclear osteoclast-like giant cells. By semiquantitative RT-PCR, we also showed that the level of OPGL mRNA in GCT is much higher than that in normal bone and osteogenic osteosarcoma. In contrast, a similar level of OPG transcripts was detected in these three kinds of tissues, and RANK mRNA was detectable only in GCT tissues. We have further examined the regulation of gene expression of OPGL and OPG in tumor cells in response to osteotropic hormones. Administration of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and dexamethasone resulted in maximum up-regulation of OPGL level and down-regulation of OPG level in cultured GCT stromal-like tumor cells and the mouse bone marrow-derived ST-2 stromal cell line. Furthermore, we have shown that tumor cells of GCT induce differentiation of RANK-expressing myeloid RAW(264.7) cells into osteoclast-like cells in the presence of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and dexamethasone. Our findings suggest that OPGL is involved in the tumor cell-induced osteoclast-like cell formation in GCT. The ratio of OPGL/OPG by tumor cells may contribute to the degree of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption.
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PMID:Gene expression of osteoprotegerin ligand, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of NF-kappaB in giant cell tumor of bone: possible involvement in tumor cell-induced osteoclast-like cell formation. 1070 90

We cloned the human tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) gene from human osteosarcoma cells (Saos-2), and produced recombinant human TRAP (rhTRAP) using a baculovirus vector expression system. RhTRAP from Sf9 culture medium was purified by cation exchange chromatography, gel filtration and affinity chromatography. The molecular mass and amino acid composition of the rhTRAP were consistent with the deduced amino acid composition from the TRAP gene. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of rhTRAP was identical to that of TRAP purified from osteoclastoma and hairy cell leukemia spleen. The monoclonal antibodies generated against rhTRAP also reacted to human placental TRAP (pTRAP). The optimum pH of rhTRAP and pTRAP were pH 5.0-5.5 and pH 6.0-6.5, respectively. The enzymatic activities of rhTRAP and pTRAP were activated by reducing agents such as 2-mercaptoethanol, dithiothreitol and ascorbic acid. The activities of rhTRAP and pTRAP were enhanced by Fe2+ ions, but were inhibited by Fe3+ ions. The present results indicate that rhTRAP has similar properties to the native human TRAP, and suggest that the enhancement of TRAP activity by reducing agents might be expressed via the reduction of Fe ions at the metal center.
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PMID:Characterizations of recombinant human tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from osteosarcoma: comparison study between recombinant and placental proteins. 1183 17

Amputation is commonly performed in an attempt to both treat and diagnose conditions affecting the digits of cats. The records of multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories were searched to identify submissions of amputated digits from cats. Eighty-five separate submissions were reviewed for diagnosis, age, sex, limb of origin, and digits affected; and the original submitting clinics were surveyed to determine clinical outcome. The Kaplan-Meier product-limit method was used to determine the disease-free interval and survival time. Neoplastic disease was identified in 63 of 85 submissions, with exclusively inflammatory lesions composing the other 22 cases. In 60 (95.2%) of the neoplastic cases, a malignant tumor was identified. Squamous cell carcinoma was the most commonly identified malignant tumor (n = 15; 23.8%) and was associated with a median survival time of 73 days. Other diagnoses included fibrosarcoma (n = 14; 22.2%); adenocarcinoma, likely metastases of a primary pulmonary neoplasm (n = 13; 20.6%); osteosarcoma (n = 5; 7.9%); mast cell tumor (n = 4; 6.3%); hemangiosarcoma (n = 5; 7.9%); malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n = 2; 3.2%); giant cell tumor of bone (n = 2; 3.2%); and hemangioma (n = 2; 3.2%). Giant cell tumor of bone has not been previously described in the digits of cats. Various neoplasms can occur in the digits of cats, and submission of the amputated digit for histopathologic diagnosis is essential to determine the histogenesis and predict the clinical outcome.
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PMID:Diagnoses and clinical outcomes associated with surgically amputated feline digits submitted to multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories. 1749 Oct 78


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