Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We reviewed the records of 31 children under the age of 21 years with parenchymal brain metastases diagnosed by CT scan (13 patients) or necropsy (18). Brain metastases were found in 18 of 139 (13%) children with solid tumors in whom complete postmortem examinations were done. Osteogenic sarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma were the most frequent primary tumors causing brain metastases in patients younger than 15 years, and testicular germ cell tumor, from age 15 to 21 years. Evidence of intratumoral hemorrhage was found in 50% of autopsy cases. Pulmonary metastases were present in 28 of 31 (90%). The median interval from recognition of pulmonary metastases to the development of brain metastases was 10 months. No patient had evidence of brain metastases at diagnosis of the systemic cancer. In only one patient was the brain the only site of relapse. Following detection of brain metastases, the median survival was seven months in six patients who underwent surgery and whole-brain radiation therapy and four months in 15 given radiotherapy (3000 rads) alone. Patients with relatively radioresistant brain metastases may benefit from surgical excision or higher doses of radiation, or both.
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PMID:Brain metastases in children. 662 15

A 45-year-old woman had a mass in the left side of the tongue. Histologic examination of the tumor revealed it to be an extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma. Pulmonary metastases were seen on admission. The patient had a rapid downhill course and died. Extraskeletal osteogenic sarcomas are well-recognized albeit rare neoplasms. In a search of the literature we were unable to find a single case arising in the tongue. The electron microscopic findings are also presented.
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PMID:Osteogenic sarcoma of the tongue. 694 80

Seven cases of unilateral, spontaneous pneumothorax were found in a retrospective study of 63 patients with osteogenic sarcoma who were admitted to The Norwegian Radium Hospital (NRH) in the period 1970--1977. The relative risk of pneumothorax developing doubled, from 7--14%, after the introduction of chemotherapy for this disease at NRH. This difference was not statistically significant. Pneumothorax developed in two of 18 patients (11%) with lung metastases who never received chemotherapy. Pneumothorax occurred in four of 19 patients (21%) treated with chemotherapy for manifest lung metastases, and in one of eight patients (13%) who received adjuvant chemotherapy, but in whom lung metastases developed later. Pneumothorax did not develop in 79 patients treated with chemotherapy for disseminated testicular cancer, despite the fact that 82% of these patients had manifest lung metastases.
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PMID:The risk of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with osteogenic sarcoma and testicular cancer. 695 Aug 3

Three current studies of treatment of osteosarcoma are reviewed and the results of a small completed study of adjuvant chemotherapy are given. The Medical Research Council has 152 patients in a continuing trial comparing two differing adjuvant chemotherapy schedules. The European Organisation of Research on the Treatment of Cancer, together with the International Society of Paediatric Oncology, are undertaking a three-arm trial of chemotherapy, lung irradiation, and chemotherapy plus lung irradiation, as adjuvant treatments in osteosarcoma, in which 85 patients have been entered as of September 1979. The Bristol Bone Tumour Registry treated 11 patients with a regimen consisting of intermediate-dose methotrexate and doxorubicin given for 1 year postoperatively, and have 64% of patients alive and disease free at a followup period of 42 to 62 months. A further study, based in Bristol, of chemotherapy and surgical excision of lung metastases has 8 of 14 patients free of disease, 3 to 25 months from thoracotomy.
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PMID:U.K. and European trials of chemotherapy in osteosarcoma. 703 28

A large variety of neoplasms can produce calcified lung metastases. Three unusual examples are presented and the relevant literature is reviewed. Each case involves a neoplasm not previously reported to produce calcified lung metastases: malignant mesenchymoma, fibrosarcoma of the breast, and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. The sarcomas are reported in the literature to develop calcified lung metastases are osteogenic sarcoma, chondrosarcoma, synovial sarcoma, and giant cell tumour. Among carcinomas, the papillary and mucinous adenocarcinomas are the histological types most likely to develop calcified lung metastases. The metastases of a number of other tumours have calcified after antineoplastic therapy. Calcification in metastases arises through a variety of mechanisms: bone formation in tumour osteoid, calcification and ossification of tumour cartilage, dystrophic calcification and ossification of tumour cartilage, dystrophic calcification and mucoid calcification. Since calcified lung metastases can strongly resemble granulomas or hamartomas, a reasonable suspicion of malignancy is necessary when evaluating calcified pulmonary nodules.
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PMID:Calcification in pulmonary metastases. 705 56

Treatment of metastatic disease is basically systemic, consisting of chemotherapy or biologicals. In some situations, particularly for lung metastases, surgery may have a very important role. It has contributed to a very significantly improved survival of patients with osteogenic sarcoma and testicular cancer. Complete resection of all the lung metastases is the most important prognostic factor for long-term survival.
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PMID:The interdisciplinary treatment of pulmonary metastases. 761 46

Fifteen patients with primary classical osteosarcoma tumours are presented, all of whom have been operated on with local en bloc resection of the tumour mass in combination with adjuvant treatment with human leucocyte interferon. All patients have at present been followed up for more than fifteen years and half of them have shown no tumour recurrence. One patient committed suicide and eight died of generalized tumour disease. Two patients developed lung metastases five and eight years after primary surgery. This form of treatment, allowing limb preservation, is presented as an alternative to conventional ablative surgery providing that it is reserved for centres with specialized surgical teams.
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PMID:Local tumour resection in interferon treated osteosarcoma patients. 764 12

In search of a predictable experimental model for the study of therapeutic modalities for osteosarcoma, a group of rats had injections of phosphorus-32 (P-32) colloid subperiostally and were followed for the occurrence of malignant bone tumors until death or for 18 months. Of 50 rats, 26 died of unrelated causes and only 24 were included in the study. Two cases of osteosarcomas, one occurring in month 16 and the other at month 18 were induced; one case demonstrated multiple lung metastases. Clear evidence of the sarcoma inducing effect of P-32 has been obtained in this study. However, a high yield experimental osteosarcoma model was not produced.
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PMID:Experimental induction of osteosarcoma by subperiosteal radioactive phosphorus injections in rats. 776 18

The feasibility of using the murine monoclonal antibody, TP-1, for clinical immunoscintigraphy was examined in a pilot study involving 5 patients with bone sarcomas. 131I-labelled F(ab')2 antibody fragments were injected in doses of 0.8-1.0 mg (90-130 MBq), and the accumulation of radioactivity was examined by scintigraphy, and assessed by direct measurements on biopsied tumour and normal tissue. One osteosarcoma patient had a primary tumour in the femur, whereas the other 4 had single lung metastases detected by other diagnostic methods. Immunoscintigraphy of the femoral primary was optimally visualised after 22 h. In 2 patients, the method failed to detect lung metastasis, in 1 of the cases possibly related to less than optimal methodological conditions. In 2 other patients, increased accumulation of radioactivity indicated one and three lung tumours, in addition to the single metastasis observed by X-ray and CT scanning, tumours that were later confirmed and removed surgically. The concentration of radioactivity in tumour and normal tissues 44-72 h after antibody injection could be measured in 4 patients. The tumour to blood ratios were in the range of 1.2-4.2, compared to 0.1-0.8 for various normal tissues. The results indicate that immunoscintigraphy with TP-1 antibody fragments have a potential for early detection of lung metastases in patients with bone sarcoma.
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PMID:Immunoscintigraphy of bone sarcomas--results in 5 patients. 783 7

Successful treatment of many patients with osteosarcoma requires more effective chemotherapy. Since new agents are needed, we have developed an immunotoxin using TP-3, an IgG2b mAb which recognizes human and canine osteosarcomas and budding capillaries of tumors. The plant hemitoxin, pokeweed antiviral protein (PAP), was conjugated to TP-3 to produce an immunotoxin highly active against osteosarcoma. After 48 h no viable human OHS osteosarcoma cells were present in cultures containing TP-3-PAP as demonstrated by the absence of [3H]thymidine uptake into DNA. Furthermore, clonogenic assays indicated > 3.9 log kill of OHS at 18 h. The IC50 of TP-3-PAP against OHS was 3.5 +/- 1.0 (SD) x 10(-12) M. TP-3 mAb without PAP had no effect on OHS proliferation; PAP alone had no effect on OHS growth unless concentrations > 1000 pM were used. When TP-3-PAP (1.25 micrograms-10.0 micrograms) was given i.p. q.d. on days 3-5 after tumor inoculation, a dose-dependent reduction of the number of lung metastases was observed (P < 0.001). These results indicate that the TP-3-PAP immunotoxin may be useful in the treatment of osteosarcoma and some soft tissue sarcomas.
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PMID:In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of an anti-osteosarcoma immunotoxin containing pokeweed antiviral protein. 788 30


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