Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scrofula has been called "The Dangerous Masquerader" because of its propensity to mimic other diseases. Scrofula has been mistaken for metastatic carcinoma, regional neoplasms, thyroglossal duct cysts, fungal disease, toxoplasmosis, lymphoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, bacterial adenitis, and collagen vascular disease. Because of the enormous number of infectious and neoplastic diseases acquired by the HIV positive population, the diagnosis of scrofula may be further delayed in some patients. In these patients the early diagnosis of scrofula might allow the early identification of HIV infection and the early institution of anti-retroviral therapy. The recommended duration of anti-tuberculosis therapy is also different in HIV positive patients. Therefore, to ensure the patient of the most beneficial therapy, the physician must always consider scrofula in the differential diagnosis of a neck mass, and particularly because of the increases incidence of intrapulmonary tuberculosis in AIDS patients, he must consider the possibility of HIV infection.
 ...
PMID:The re-emergence of scrofula with HIV infection: a review of epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment. 181 95

A 44-year-old woman was hospitalized for nonproductive cough. Chest roentogenogram revealed a calcified nodular mass at the right hilum. The patient was treated as tuberculosis of the hilar lymph node, however, her symptoms exacerbated within a year. A tumor obstructing the right main stem bronchus was demonstrated on bronchofiberscopic examination. Thoracotomy was carried out and tumor was diagnosed as primary osteogenic sarcoma of the pulmonary artery by pathological examination of the resected specimen. There was no clinical finding of osteogenic sarcoma throughout the bones.
 ...
PMID:Primary osteogenic sarcoma of pulmonary artery. 221 44

Ionizing radiations have been shown to be carcinogenic to man as well as experimental animals. Malignancies following therapeutic radiation occur rarely. Over the past 10 years the authors recorded 10 cases of tumours in irradiated tissues. 3 occurred in patients irradiated for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, 3 were irradiated for tuberculosis adenitis, 2 for carcinoma of the cervix, 1 for carcinoma of the breast and 1 for basal cell carcinoma. The latent period for tumour induction following the irradiation varied from 5 years to 31 years. All these cases showed no evidence of recurrence or metastases of the original primary lesion; and the histology of the second primary differed from the first. Evidence of radiation damage was seen in all cases except for 2 patients who were treated for tuberculosis adenitis. The doses received varied from 900r to about, 9000r. Among the tumours produced, there were 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral & postcricoid region, 2 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid, 2 cases of adenocarcinoma of the rectum, 1 case of adenocarcinoma of the ethmoid, 1 case of osteosarcoma of the mandible and 1 case of extraskeletal osteosarcoma. The clinical features of these cases are discussed and other cases reported in the literature are reviewed.
 ...
PMID:Radiation induced cancer: a report of 10 cases. 627 26

We have demonstrated that monocytes from osteosarcoma patients can be rendered tumor cytotoxic by both in vitro incubation with liposomal MTP-PE and i.v. administration of this agent. Chemotherapy did not interfere with this activation process. We have further demonstrated in phase I and phase II trials that liposomal MTP-PE can be given safely i.v. to both adults and children with minimal side effects. The findings of peripheral fibrosis with neovascularization and infiltration of the tumor with chronic inflammatory cells after liposomal MTP-PE therapy are unlike any observed following chemotherapy or surgery. Subsequent to chemotherapy, osteosarcoma lung metastases usually exhibit a zone of central necrosis, with viable tumor cells growing at the periphery of the lesion. However, in our patients following liposomal MTP-PE viable tumor cells were observed in the center of the lesion, with necrosis and fibrosis at the periphery. These changes were thus interpreted as a specific response to liposomal MTP-PE. The peripheral fibrosis observed in these tumors is reminiscent of the appearance of pulmonary tuberculosis lesions. Initially, the lesion is walled off and slow necrosis proceeds from the outside so that the lesion is replaced by fibrous tissue. Eradication of tuberculosis by chronic inflammation is a slow process. Viable bacilli can persist for months. Thus, our choice of a 3-month treatment course may have been insufficient. We have now extended our protocol to allow 6 months of therapy. Osteosarcoma appears to be an ideal disease in which to employ liposomal MTP-PE as an additional adjuvant to present chemotherapy regimens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Liposome-encapsulated muramyl tripeptide: a new biologic response modifier for the treatment of osteosarcoma. 809 24

We describe 12 patients with simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax (SBSP). They represent 4 percent of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax seen at our hospital from 1971 to 1990. Five of the 12 had no underlying lung disease. In the seven remaining patients, SBSP was secondary to histiocytosis X, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, osteogenic sarcoma with pleural and pulmonary metastases, Hodgkin's disease, mesothelioma, cystic fibrosis, or miliary tuberculosis. Nineteen of the 56 patients with SBSP (34 percent) described in the literature (this series included) had pulmonary disease related to disorders of cells of mesenchymal origin. Emphysema and bullous lung disease were not associated with SBSP. Long-term prognosis was a function of pulmonary status. Four of the patients described herein died during the period reviewed. All suffered from severe underlying disease. In no case was SBSP the main cause of death. With timely treatment, the short-term prognosis is benign even for patients with underlying lung disease. Surgical pleurectomy should be attempted early, especially in SBSP secondary to underlying lung disease.
 ...
PMID:Simultaneous bilateral spontaneous pneumothorax. 816 40

Hong Kong has a relatively high incidence of tuberculosis in comparison with other developed cities, possibly due to the influx of mainland Chinese immigrants and Vietnamese boat people. However, primary, solitary cystic tuberculous infection of the bone is rare and few cases have been reported. Radiological appearances of this disease can mimic several bone conditions, including bone cyst, osteoblastoma and even osteosarcoma. We report on a case of a healthy fifteen-year-old who presented with swelling to the left elbow; biopsy confirmed this as cystic tuberculosis of the bone.
 ...
PMID:Cystic tuberculosis of the bone mimicking osteogenic sarcoma. 903 53

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) continues to be a public health problem in Turkey, where exposure to environmental asbestos and fibrous zeolite (erionite) is the main cause of the disease. However, less than 5% of exposed individuals develop the disease, and numerous cases of MPM are documented each year in which the patient has no known exposure to either of these minerals. Thus, additional unknown factors act independently or as co-carcinogens in the development of MPM. Simian Virus 40 (SV40) may act as a co-carcinogen with asbestos in the pathogenesis of occupationally induced MPM. To determine if SV40 plays a role in the development of MPM in Turkey, we used PCR analysis to investigate if SV40 DNA sequences were present in 29 mesothelioma specimens from patients previously exposed to asbestos or erionite. PCR analysis revealed that all 29 tissue specimens from our patients did not contain SV40 DNA. 15 specimens from patients suffering from tuberculosis pleuresy were also SV40 negative. One mesothelioma and one osteosarcoma from Italy tested positive for SV40. Our results indicate that inorganic fibers, asbestos, and erionite remain the only known causal factors of mesothelioma in Turkey. The absence of SV40 in Turkish specimens and its presence in Italian specimens may be related to the fact that SV40-contaminated vaccines were not administered in Turkey.
 ...
PMID:Simian virus 40 is not a cofactor in the pathogenesis of environmentally induced malignant pleural mesothelioma in Turkey. 1081 Mar 69

Hematogenous osteomyelitis (HOM) in adults is a very rare event in industrialised countries. However, in tropical regions the morbidity of HOM is more important, primarily due to the impact of sickle cell disease, thalassemia, HIV-infection and tuberculosis. HOM is most commonly caused by pyogenic bacteria and mycobacteria, but infections by fungi, viruses and parasites must also be considered. In spite of modern diagnostic procedures such as nuclear and magnetic resonance imaging, the histopathologic and microbiologic examination of bone remains the gold standard for diagnosing OM. Other diagnoses should also be considered. Nonbacterial osteomyelitic lesions (plasmacellular OM, sclerosing OM, SAPHO syndrome) as well as acute leukemia, malignant bone tumors (i.e., Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma) are conditions with similar presentations. Acute HOM is best managed by appropriate antibiotic therapy. In case of failure and in chronic HOM, surgical debridement is mandatory.
 ...
PMID:[Hematogenous osteomyelitis in adults]. 1500 52

The authors present a case of rare laryngeal neoplasm--osteosarcoma, which generated many diagnostic and treatment difficulties. Its main cause was nonspecific symptoms and laryngoscopic view, positive tuberculous history and positive tuberculosis tests. The first histopathological examination was "angioleiomyoma exulcerans, chronic inflammation and granulation." No cancer nor tuberculosis was found". After the physiologic consultations and with positive tuberculin test the tuberculocidal treatment was applied, but it bought no success. The larynx was split then, intraoperative histopathological examination gave the result: "Cellulae carcinomatosae". The total laryngectomy was performed. Postoperative immunohistochemical examination was "Osteosarcoma of larynx". The patient was not evaluated for radio- or chemotherapy. Admitted to the hospital after 5 months with neck tumor and reactional lymph nodes by the right side of the neck. Crile's operation was performed. During the postoperative course some metastatic lymph nodes on the left side of the neck and in lungs were detected. Patient noted to chemotherapy.
 ...
PMID:[Osteosarcoma of the larynx]. 1609 4

Micro-computed tomography (muCT) is of great interest for palaeopathological examination because it is less invasive than histology. This study evaluates the diagnostic value of muCT for postcranial macerated bones. We investigated five specimens (osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, trauma, osteosarcoma and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy) of a pathology reference series by muCT and polarised light microscopy. The 3D muCT images allow an easy orientation within the specimen. Surface structures, thickness, continuity of the cortex and number, thickness and orientation of the trabeculae can be evaluated. The high number of muCT slices helps to choose the most interesting areas for further investigations. Grey value images display the degree of mineralisation. Yet, the differentiation between woven and lamellar bone is only possible using polarised light microscopy. muCT is a tool of high value for the examination of postcranial bone disorders. It cannot replace histological examinations completely because it cannot assess the bone quality (woven or lamellar). For the choice of the optimal location where slices for the microscopic investigation are later cut in heterogeneous samples, muCT is very useful. Therefore, we suggest performing the muCT examination first, followed by histology if necessary.
 ...
PMID:Diagnostic value of micro-CT in comparison with histology in the qualitative assessment of historical human postcranial bone pathologies. 1745 11


1 2 3 Next >>