Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An aged Boxer dog had 9 distinct primary tumors: chemodectoma, osteosarcoma, bronchiolo-alveolar adenocarcinoma, interstitial cell tumor, seminoma, basal cell tumor, fibropapilloma, adrenal cortical adenoma, and pancreatic adenoma. From this report, as well as from other studies, it is clear that Boxers have special susceptibilities to a variety of tumors. Analysis of clinical data on canine tumors indicated that the risk of Boxers for multiple tumors is only slightly higher than all tumors, indicating little or no specific predisposition for multiple tumors. In Boxers, however, certain tumor types occurred more frequently as multiple primary tumors than would be expected by chance.
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PMID:Nine simultaneous primary tumors in a Boxer dog. 19 4

BK virus (BKV), a human papovavirus, was inoculated iv into 3-week-old Syrian golden hamsters. Between 2 1/2 and 9 months after inoculation, 82% of the animals developed tumors. The induced neoplasms were ependymoma, carcinoma of the pancreatic islets, osteosarcoma, adenocarcinoma, angiosarcoma, angioma, lymphoma, and seminoma. Hypersecretion of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, and calcitonin was detected in tumors of pancreatic islets. BKV etiology of tumors was supported by the following evidence: 1) No tumors with BKV-specific markers appeared in animals given injections of buffer, animals inoculated with BKV neutralized by anti-BKV-specific serum, or uninoculated controls; 2) BKV tumor (T) antigen was detected by immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests in tumors of animals inoculated with infectious BKV and in transplanted tumors; 3) antibodies to BKV T-antigen were detected in sera of animals bearing primary or transplanted tumors; 4) BKV could be activated by Sendai virus-mediated fusion of neoplastic cells with susceptible Vero cells; and 5) no endogenous hamster oncornaviruses were found in tumors.
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PMID:Ependymomas, malignant tumors of pancreatic islets, and osteosarcomas induced in hamsters by BK virus, a human papovavirus. 21 Dec 43

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (cis-platinum) was evaluated in three separate studies at Roswell Park Memorial Institute in children and adolescents with cancer. In the first study, 16 patients with a variety of solid tumors were treated. Objective responses were seen in patients with neuroblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, seminoma, and medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. In the second study, five of eight patients with far-advanced osteogenic sarcoma showed objective responses to cis-platinum. In the third study, cis-platinum and Adriamycin were employed as primary adjuvant chemotherapy along with surgery in osteogenic sarcoma. Nine of ten patients have remained disease-free from 8 to 31 months (mean, 19 months). cis-Platinum is an active agent in pediatric tumors.
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PMID:cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in childhood cancer. 29 83

cis-Dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) (DDP) was studied in 16 children with far-advanced malignancies. Three dosage schedules were tried: regimen A, 20 mg/m2/day x 5 days for 3-4 weeks (11 patients); regimen B, 50 mg/m2 once a week (four patients); and regimen C, 60 mg/m2/day x 2 days every 3-4 weeks (one patient). Four of 16 patients (25%) showed partial response, including one with osteogenic sarcoma, one with neuroblastoma, one with seminoma, and one with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Two patients showed clinical improvement. The major toxic manifestations included nausea and vomiting (16 of 16), renal toxicity (three of 16), transient pancytopenia (six of 12), and hearing loss (two of 16). It is apparent that DDP has activity in pediatric tumors; however, a more precise response rate must be delineated in a larger series of patients.
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PMID:Clinical response and toxicity with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) in children. 89 Jun 92

The production and detailed immunostaining properties of a new rat monoclonal antibody (ICR.2) to epithelial membrane antigen are reported. The antibody was selected for its ability to compete with the polyclonal antiserum (M7), used in the original immunohistological studies, in order that it might serve as a direct replacement in diagnosing epithelial tumours. Most of the staining reactions on normal tissues were identical to those previously reported with M7 but there were some important differences. They included: positivity of renal and adrenal capsular fibroblasts, perineurium, some myoepithelial and smooth muscle cells, occasional osteoblasts and squamous and thyroid follicular epithelium in the normal state. The intercellular canaliculi of sweat glands and secretory canaliculi of gastric oxyntic cells were clearly demonstrated. These staining reactions could be obtained with M7 when a sensitive detection system was used although the results were usually weak and inconsistent. Nearly all adenosquamous and transitional carcinomas were positive. The remaining tumours fell into three major groups: (1) those which were consistently or nearly consistently negative--melanoma, seminoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar soft part sarcoma, adrenal cortical carcinoma, granulocytic sarcoma, paraganglioma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Hodgkin's disease and embryonal carcinoma: (2) those which were either negative or positive with distinctive patterns of staining--basal cell carcinoma, embryonal tumours: and (3) non-epithelial tumours that were consistently positive--epithelioid sarcoma, synovial sarcoma, osteosarcoma, chordoma and myeloma--or positive in a significant minority of cases--leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, clear cell sarcoma of tendon sheath, various neuroectodermal tumours.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Detailed investigation of the diagnostic value in tumour histopathology of ICR.2, a new monoclonal antibody to epithelial membrane antigen. 169 88

This report presented an osteosarcoma arising from the same field after radiation and chemotherapy without surgery for primary mediastinal seminoma. A 45-year-old man had received from June 1979 to August 1981 irradiation and chemotherapy for the anterior-mediastinal seminoma. Since then he was been without evidence of disease for five years. In March 1987, he had suffered from an advanced tumor extending from the neck and the mediastinum to the right anterior chest wall. Further irradiation combined with thermotherapy were performed but without improvement. He was thereafter seen and admitted July 23 1987 to our hospital with complaint of back pain. Needle biopsy specimen revealed chondrosarcoma. Despite chemotherapy with CDDP, he died four months later after admission. Pathological finding of his autopsy revealed a widely invading osteosarcoma extending to extra- and intrathorax and the neck without evidence of germ cell component. To explain the pathogenesis of the secondarily developing osteosarcoma, two hypotheses are offered; 1. Malignancy of mesenchymal component in germ cell tumor. 2. Radiation-induced osteosarcoma. The latter hypothesis appears to be the most probable pathogenesis from his autopsy. These findings suggest that a long survival patient with malignant germ cell tumor after therapy should be never considered as being free from a potential risk of secondarily developing malignancy.
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PMID:[Osteosarcoma developing after radiation and chemotherapy for primary mediastinal seminoma]. 205 Nov 6

The clinical and pathologic features of two primary pure testicular sarcomas are reported. One tumor was an osteosarcoma and was found in a 30-year-old man; the other was a fibrosarcoma from an 86-year-old man. The patients were treated with orchiectomy and high ligation of the spermatic cord and received no postoperative therapy. Both of them were alive and well with no evidence of disease 6 months and 5 1/2 years, respectively, after orchiectomy. Most testicular sarcomas arise from a teratoma or, less commonly, originate from a spermatocytic seminoma, but our two cases and rare previously reported cases illustrate that pure sarcomas occur occasionally and may be associated with a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Primary testicular sarcoma: a report of two cases. 239 36

Two cases of radiation-induced sarcomas are presented. Osteosarcomas developed in the frontal bone after a latency period of 36 years following operation for brain tumor with post-operative irradiation (48 Gy) in one patient and in the region of the right sacro-iliac joint after ablation of testis for seminoma with post-operative irradiation (60 Gy) in another patient. In the literature, the risk of developing an irradiation-induced sarcoma is considered to be low (0.05-0.2%). Both cases, however, underline the necessity of an exact indication for irradiation to avoid such complications.
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PMID:[Information concerning radiation-induced sarcomas. Report on 2 cases]. 316 84

In 1930 the determination of serum alkaline phosphatase in patients with bone or liver disease ushered in the era of clinical enzymology. The association of elevated (bone) alkaline phosphatase in serum of patients with osteogenic sarcoma was the first evidence that tumor cells themselves produced the enzyme. It became clear, however, in the 1960s that the serum alkaline phosphatase was not a single enzyme but consisted of a family of isozymes originating from liver, bone, intestine, and placenta. This was a consequence of the introduction of a combination of electrophoretic separations, heat inactivation, and organ-specific amino acid inhibitors. This combination of measurements made possible the demonstration of a serum alkaline phosphatase of lung cancer origin, as confirmed by the histochemical visualization in lung cancer of the Regan Isozyme (placental alkaline phosphatase-PLAP). At present, the measurement of PLAP has its greatest utility as a tumor marker in seminoma and ovarian cancer. A PLAP-like isozyme in normal testis and ovary is expressed in these and other neoplasias and appears to be related to rare alleles of placental alkaline phosphatase. Current studies have utilized a panel of monoclonal antibodies to detect useful epitopes that suggest that PLAP and PLAP-like isozymes are coded by different genes. The PLAP gene has now been cloned and sequenced by Millan and others. This fundamental new information is providing a base line that will make it possible to explain the overlapping specificities of intestinal and placental isozymes, the degree of uniqueness of the PLAP-like isozyme, the precise mechanism of uncompetitive inhibition by L-phenylalanine and the evolutionary history of the alkaline phosphatases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical and biological significance of an isozyme tumor marker--PLAP. 332 92

Six unusual cases of tumor involvement of the heart and pericardium, diagnosed antemortem by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), are described. The tumors consisted one each of sacral chordoma, mediastinal seminoma, leiomyosarcoma of the uterus, osteosarcoma, invasive thymoma, and lung cancer. The current study again recognizes the concept that any type of malignant tumor has a possibility of involving the heart. If cardiac involvement is suspected, 2DE examination should be performed in patients with any kind of malignant tumor. The information obtained not only provides guidance for therapeutic maneuvers, but also is beneficial for follow-up observation of the patients and assessment of the therapy.
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PMID:The value of two-dimensional echocardiography in detecting malignant tumors in the heart. 346 93


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