Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is a reliable, safe, and cost-effective procedure with a well-established role in the diagnosis of various solid tissue neoplasms. The role of FNA in the diagnosis of primary bone tumors, including osteosarcoma (OGS), is controversial and has yet to be established. We reviewed our experience with the use of FNA as a diagnostic technique over the past 8 yr at our institution. Diagnosis was conclusive in 26 (65%) of 40 patients, 18 of whom went to neoadjuvant therapy and/or resection based solely on the FNA interpretation of either "high grade sarcoma" or "osteosarcoma." Of the remaining 14 (25%) patients, 12 had inconclusive diagnosis and two (5%) were false-negatives. An inconclusive diagnosis was most likely to be an inadequate or paucicellular aspirate, seen in six (15%) patients. An additional six patients had variants of osteosarcoma (four chondroid, one "giant cell rich," one parosteal) that made definitive diagnosis impossible. The two that were incorrectly classified were diagnosed as fracture callus and plasmacytoma. FNA is an accurate and cost-effective tool for the initial diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma with a sensitivity of 65% and accuracy of 95%. Inconclusive diagnoses are likely to be due to insufficient sample cellularity or the presence of OGS variant. In our experience, FNA is sufficient to provide the diagnosis of OGS prior to definitive treatment when interpreted in conjunction with imaging studies and clinical findings. In those cases where FNA fails to yield a diagnostic sample, a traditional biopsy can be performed.
 ...
PMID:Utility of fine-needle aspiration in the diagnosis of primary osteosarcoma. 1245 65

Sarcoma of the oral region is extremely rare and ultrastructural studies of the tumor are limited in number. We collected oral sarcomas, such as fibrosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, liposarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, angiosarcoma, alveolar soft-part sarcoma, solitary plasmacytoma, and osteosarcoma, and performed ultrastructural studies of these tumors. The value of these studies for an understanding of the biological behavior of the tumors was then investigated. In these studies, electron microscopic examinations of oral sarcoma were of assistance in our attempt to establish correct diagnosis and histogenesis. Data from the studies of oral sarcoma by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry should be accumulated.
 ...
PMID:Ultrastructure of oral sarcoma. 1265 55

Thirty-two cases of sarcomas involving the oral and maxillofacial region over a period of 25 years were reviewed. The age range was from 5 months to 77 years with a mean age of 42. The male to female ratio was 3:1. The sarcomas were located in the maxilla including the maxillary sinus (n= 13), mandible (n= 13), buccal mucosa (n= 3), temporomandibular fossa (n= 2), and submandibular region (n= 1). Histologically sarcomas were classified as osteosarcoma (n= 9), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (n= 7), rhabdomyosarcoma (n= 5), fibrosarcoma (n= 3), plasmacytoma (n= 2), leiomyosarcoma (n= 2), angiosarcoma (n= 2), liposarcoma (n= 1), and ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (n= 1). Surgical resection was performed in 29 cases. Local recurrence was found in 10 patients and metastasis in 11 patients. Metastases included five regional lymph node metastases and eight distant metastases. The survival of patients with local recurrence or metastasis was poor. Surgery is the most reliable treatment for sarcomas of the oral and maxillofacial region. Adequate excision with safety surgical margin as the initial therapy is important for better survival. The value of radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy is uncertain. The 5-year survival rate of primary cases was 61%.
 ...
PMID:Sarcomas of the oral and maxillofacial region: a review of 32 cases in 25 years. 1528 Dec 17

A synchronous evaluation was performed, using a quick in vivo [2-(14)C]thymidine labeling method, of the toxico- and pharmaco-dynamics of a given dose of yttrium-90 (90Y) at a given time after injection to nude BALB/c mice loaded with 10(7) HuO9 cells. Quantitative data were 14C-microautoradiographs of the liver lobule, intestinal crypts, epiphysial growth plate, secondary ossification center containing pluripotent stem cells, perifollicular zone containing unipotent stem cells in the spleen, and plasmacytoma cells in the osteogenic sarcoma in each mouse following a 10-min labeling with 14C at 0.5, 6, and 24 h after i.v. injection of 90Y. Results show that the cell proliferation rate of the stem cells in respective tissues was markedly suppressed, dependent on time after dosing and the dose of 90Y; 3.7, 37, 370, 3700, and 37,000 kBq per mouse (25 g). In addition to the above, the sensitivity of the proliferation rate was dependent on amitosis or mitosis and the AUC value of 90Y-concentration at specific locations of the cells in the mouse body. The most sensitive cells were the plasmacytoma cells, followed by the pluripotent and unipotent stem cells, the intestinal crypts, epiphysial growth plate, and liver cells.
 ...
PMID:Synchronous evaluation of toxico- and pharmaco-dynamics of yttrium-90 by a novel autoradiographic procedure. 1554 76

We conducted a review of the Leeds Regional Bone Tumour Registry for primary bone tumours of the spine since establishment in 1958 until year 2000. To analyse the incidence of primary tumours of the spine and to record the site of occurrence, sex distribution, survival and pathology of these tumours. Primary tumours of the spine are particularly rare, accounting for between 4 and 13% of published series of primary bone tumours. The Leeds Bone Tumour Registry was reviewed and a total of 2,750 cases of bone tumours and tumour-like cases were analysed. Consultants in orthopaedic surgery, neurosurgery, oncology and pathology in North and West Yorkshire and Humberside contribute to the Registry. Primary bone tumours of the osseous spine constitute only 126 of the 2,750 cases (4.6%). Chordoma was the most frequent tumour in the cervical and sacral regions, while the most common diagnosis overall was multiple myeloma and plasmacytoma. Osteosarcoma ranked third. The mean age of presentation was 42 years and pain was the most common presenting symptom, occurring in 95% of malignant and 76% of benign tumours. Neurological involvement occurred in 52% of malignant tumours and usually meant a poor prognosis. The establishment of Bone Tumour Registries is the only way that sufficient data on large numbers of these rare tumours can be accumulated to provide a valuable and otherwise unavailable source of information for research, education and clinical follow-up.
 ...
PMID:Primary bone tumours of the spine: a 42-year survey from the Leeds Regional Bone Tumour Registry. 1686 76

Although primary malignant tumors of the spine and sacrum are described in all orthopedic textbooks, it is still remarkable how little attention is paid to differential diagnosis of persisting lower back pain and how to detect in special the underlying tumor disease. Chordoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, plasmacytoma, lymphoma and Ewing's sarcoma, their radiological manifestation, age distribution and preferred location in the spine and sacrum are reviewed and discussed.
 ...
PMID:Differential diagnosis of primary malignant bone tumors in the spine and sacrum. The radiological and clinical spectrum: minireview. 1819 Feb 35

This second part of a comprehensive review of primary vertebral tumors focuses on locally aggressive and malignant tumors. As discussed in the earlier part of the review, both benign and malignant types of these tumors affect the adult and the pediatric population, and an understanding of their subtleties may increase their effective resection. In this review, we discuss the epidemiologic, histological, and imaging features of the most common locally aggressive primary vertebral tumors (chordoma and giant-cell tumor) and malignant tumors (chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, multiple myeloma or plasmacytoma, and osteosarcoma). The figures used for illustration are from operative patients of the senior authors (Z.L.G. and J.H.C.). Taken together, parts 1 and 2 of this article provide a thorough and illustrative review of primary vertebral tumors.
 ...
PMID:Primary vertebral tumors: a review of epidemiologic, histological and imaging findings, part II: locally aggressive and malignant tumors. 2176 18

Round cell tumors of bone are a divergent group of neoplasms that largely constitute Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, small cell osteosarcoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, mensenchymal chondrosarcoma, and hematopoietic malignancies including lymphoma and plasmacytoma/myeloma, along with metastatic round cell tumors including neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and small cell carcinoma. These lesions share many histomorphologic similarities and often demonstrate overlapping clinical and radiologic characteristics, but typically have a diverse clinical outcome, thus warranting differing therapeutic modalities/regimens. Recent advances in molecular and cytogenetic techniques have identified a number of additional novel entities, including round cell sarcomas harboring CIC-DUX4 and BCOR-CCNB3 fusions, respectively. These novel findings have not only enhanced our understanding of the pathogenesis of round cell tumors, but also allowed us to reclassify some entities with potential therapeutic and prognostic significance. This article provides an overview focusing on recent molecular genetic advances in primary, nonhematologic round cell tumors of bone.
...
PMID:Round cell tumors of bone: an update on recent molecular genetic advances. 2510 37

This article presents the use of bone cytology for diagnosis of bone tumors. It discusses critical factors and considerations of fine-needle aspiration and bone cytology and presents diagnostic options and differential diagnosis for benign and malignant bone lesions. Osteomyelitis, chrondroblastoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, chondromyxoid fibromas, enchondromas, giant cell tumor of bone, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and variants, Ewing sarcoma, chordoma, plasmacytoma, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, and metastatic bone disease are presented.
...
PMID:Bone Cytology: A Realistic Approach for Clinical Use. 2683 16

One of the most challenging diagnostic categories within tumors of the sinonasal tract is the small round blue cell tumors. Biopsies are usually small and limited, resulting in considerable diagnostic difficulty for practicing surgical pathologists. These tumors share several overlapping histologic and immunophenotypic findings while also showing considerable variation within and between cases. Specific tumor site of origin, imaging findings, and clinical findings must be combined with the histology and pertinent ancillary studies if the correct diagnosis is to be reached. Discrimination between neoplasms is critical as there are significant differences in therapy and overall outcome. It is important to have a well developed differential diagnosis for this category of tumors, where each of the diagnoses is considered, evaluated, and either confirmed or excluded from further consideration. In an undifferentiated tumor, showing a small round blue cell morphology, using the mnemonic 'MR SLEEP' helps to highlight tumors to consider: melanoma, mesenchymal chondrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (including NUT carcinoma), small cell osteosarcoma, lymphoma, esthesioneuroblastoma (olfactory neuroblastoma), Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, pituitary adenoma, and plasmacytoma. A panel of pertinent immunohistochemistry studies, histochemistries and/or molecular tests should aid in reaching a diagnosis, especially when taking the pattern and intensity of reactions into consideration.
 ...
PMID:Small round blue cell tumors of the sinonasal tract: a differential diagnosis approach. 2806 Mar 73


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 Next >>