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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inoculation of Moloney sarcoma virus into the marrow cavity of the tibia of newborn Wistar-Lewis rats resulted in the appearance of an initially localized osteosarcoma in 97.7% of these animals. At least 77.9% of the rats developed lung metastases and died, usually within 6 weeks of inoculation. The remaining 22.1% showed regression of disease after initial growth of the tumor. Tumor cells were maintained in tissue culture and used as target cells for a visual and isotopic (3H-thymidine or 125IUdR) microcytotoxicity assay. Cell-mediated immunity could be measured by these methods throughout the course of the illness in animals with progressive disease as well as in those whose tumors eventually regressed. The presence of serum factors capable of modifying the level of CMI was documented. This Moloney-sarcoma-virus-induced rat osteosarcoma and human osteosarcoma thus appear to have several basic pathologic and immunologic similarities. The model may be useful for studying the effects of a variety of treatment protocols upon the clinical course and immune response to osteosarcoma.
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PMID:A laboratory model for the study of the immunobiology of osteosarcoma. 17 15

A case of an osteosclerotic myeloma of the mandible is described. Bone formation took the form of prominent sunray spiculation and radiologically mimicked an osteosarcoma. No other well-documented solitary lesion of this type could be found in the English literature. In addition, this tumour contained an abundance of intracytoplasmic Russell bodies and also produced a paraprotein. The paraprotein peak disappeared after resection.
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PMID:Localised myeloma with osteogenesis and Russell body formation. 17 28

One hundred sixteen children with malignant tumors were treated by surgery and additional chemotherapy from 1969 to 1974. The chemotherapy was standardized as far as possible for the commonest tumors of childhood (neuroblastoma, Wilm's tumor rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma). The results are presented in detail.
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PMID:[Carcinochemotherapy in pediatric surgery (author's transl)]. 17 46

Benign osteoblastoma is a rare tumor, more frequent in males, usually occurring in patients under the age of 30 years, and is seen most frequently in the spine, femur, tibia, and mandible. Its varied roentgenographic appearance may suggest a large osteoid osteoma or an aneurysmal bone cyst, but about one-fourth of cases present a picture consistent with a malignant neoplasm. The roentgen changes in the spine are frequently subtle and require care for identification. Differentiation from osteogenic sarcoma is sometimes difficult even with histological material, because some low grade osteogenic sarcomas contain areas resembling osteoblastoma. Conservative surgery is the treatment of choice for osteoblastoma.
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PMID:The spectrum of osteoblastoma. 17 1

Tubuloreticular structures of the geometric type were observed in dog osteosarcoma cells (D17a) before and after cocultivation with human placenta cells and before and after passage of the cocultivated cells through NIH nude mice. After passage through NIH nude mice, the reestablished cultures regularly produced conventional murine type-C particles and displayed budding virus-like particles (VLP) within the tubuloreticular structures. VLP, tentatively considered an aberrant form of type-C particles, were presumably of murine origin since they were not observed in the osteosarcoma cells before passage through NIH nude mice.
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PMID:Virus-like particles in geometric tubuloreticular structures. 17 13

FBJ virus was injected i.p. into 145 neonatal NIH Swiss [N:NIH(s)] mice. Eighty mice developed a total of 110 neoplasms by 5 months of age. The mean latent period of the tumors was 71 days (26 to 145) postinjection. The frequency of occurrence of neoplasms at different sites was: diaphragm, 45%; ribs, 14%; vertebrae, 14%; femora, 9%; pelvic bones, 5%; tibiae, 4%; sternebrae, 3%; and inguinal area, 7%. The neoplasms were characterized histologically by elongated or rounded cells associated with an abundant connective tissue stroma. Occasional areas of bone formation and apparent osteoid metaplasia were seen. Bone tumors appeared to arise from periosteal cells, to grow by expansion, and to invade locally, but they failed to metastasize. Neoplasms of the diaphragm originated in the central aponeurosis and appeared histologically similar to bone neoplasms. Histochemical studies demonstrated abundant alkaline phosphatase in tumor cells, and ultrastructural observations revealed subcellular characteristics of osteoblasts and chondroblasts. Tumors were readily transplantable and had histopathological characteristics similar to those of the primary viral-induced tumors. The results of this study indicate that the FBJ virus induces in NIH Swiss mice a unique type of chondroosseous neoplasm derived from periosteal cells which has a resemblance to human juxtacortical (parosteal) osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Histogenesis and Morphology of periosteal sarcomas induced by FBJ virus in NIH Swiss mice. 18 21

The transformed cells that arise from among the hamster epithelial and mesenchymal cells exposed to SV40 in vitro are, as a rule, fibroblastoid and pleomorphic rather than epithelioid. Moreover, the neoplasms that these transformed cells induce in the allogeneic host are spindle cell sarcomas and pleomorphic sarcomas rather than carcinomas. Since this phenomenon may result from cellular dedifferentiation in culture, to the extent that the anaplastic morphology and lack of specialized function can no longer suggest the cell or origin, we investigated the fate of the differentiated state of cells of three types of SV40-induced hamster tumors before and after serial passage in vitro. The tumors evaluated were three reticulum cell sarcomas, three osteogenic sarcomas, and two lymphosarcomas of B-cell origin. Our data demonstrate that reticulum cell sarcoma cells lose their morphological differentiation soon after the original tumors are dissociated into cell suspensions but preserve their phagocytic activity throughout their in vitro passage. Osteogenic sarcoma cells lose their differentiated phenotype and their capacity to form osteoid during but not before their serial passage in culture. Lymphosarcoma cells preserve their lymphoid morphology and their ability to produce immunoglobulin even after many in vitro passages. These results indicate that, in many types of SV40-induced tumors, neoplastic cell dedifferentiation, following serial passage in culture, is responsible to a great extent for the emergence of new cell phenotypes lacking in morphological and functional features characteristic of the cells originally transformed by SV40.
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PMID:Loss or persistence of the differentiated state of simian virus 40-induced hamster tumor cells before and after serial passage in culture. 18 42

Bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-polyphosphate or 99mTc-pyrophosphate was carried out in 54 children suspected of bone disease. Signs of skeletal metastases were recognized in 13 children by scintigraphy whereas X-ray examination showed lesions in only 10 of these. In 5 children with primary osteosarcoma, three cases of fibrous dysplasia, and 4 cases of osteomyelitis, the lesions were clearly demonstrated by scintigraphy. Abnormal accumulation of radioactivity in soft tissue lesions was observed in primary adrenal neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's granuloma, and metastatic Burkitt's lymphoma. Several cases are reported, and the value of bone scintigraphy in children is discussed.
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PMID:Bone scintigraphy in children. 18 23

Cytologic and cytochemical examination of eighteen cases of round-cell sarcoma of bone allowed classification of these tumors into four cytologic groups. Additional cytochemical examinations based on the PAS and D-PAS reactions, and the demonstration of the activity of peroxidase, naphtol-ASD-Chloracetate esterase, alpha-naphthylacetate esterase, naphthol-AS-acetate esterase with and without sodium fluoride inhibition, acid and alkaline phosphatases yielded no evidence of uniform behavior among the individual groups or within any single group. The studies showed that a positive glycogen reaction cannot be used as a basic criterion for the classification of such tumors as Ewing's sarcoma and for regarding them as a uniform tumor group. It is possible that a pool of tumors is involved, including tumors of monocytic and probably of lymphocytic origin, reticulum-cell sarcoma, tumors of myelocytic and erythroplastic origin, stem-cell tumors, and endothelial-cell tumors. Histologic examination alone is not sufficient for the classification of round-cell sarcomas of bone, and it should be supplemented by cytologic and cytochemical or histochemical methods. Osteosarcomas (23 cases) and chondrosarcomas (8 cases) display cells which are characteristic for these tumors and which could be correlated with their benign counterparts, osteoblasts and chondroid cells. The histologically recognizable degree of malignancy of chondrosarcoma can be evaluated better with the cytologic than with the histologic technic. Indications of the possibilities of differential diagnosis based on the cytologic pictures of benign and malignant osteoplastic and chondroplastic tumors, giant-cell tumors and chordoma are discussed.
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PMID:Cytologic and cytochemical behavior of primary malignant bone tumors. 18 69

Biological studies on FBJ osteosarcoma virus in tissue cultures have led to the isolation of murine sarcoma virus. Characteristic type C-MuLV particles were observed in bone tumors induced by the SD-MSV-M-virus in vitro and in vivo. The SD-MSV-M virus also induced bone tumors in rats of all strains tested, and it has a similar tumor-inducing property in hamsters. Immunoelectronmicroscopic studies showed that envelope antigens of MSV-SD virus in rat bone tumors can be distinguished from those found in hamster bone tumor cells. In tissue cultures of MSV-SD rat bone tumors, two separate cell lines have been established: one of them releases both MSV and MuLV and the other produces MuL virus only. The MuLV in this cell line acts as helper. The different interactions appear to support the concept of control mechanisms for the partial expression of genes which are responsible for neoplastic properties, virus replication, and synthesis of gs-antigens. Biochemical studies on structural rearrangement and subunit composition of RNA released from MSV-SD virus, have shown that there are two forms of the native genome RNA differing in their sedimentation coeffiiecients and in subunit composition. In human osteosarcoma tissue culture, type-C viruslike particles are found. In cocultures derived from human osteosarcoma with cells taken from the bone marrow or peripheral blood of patients with different types of leukemia, certain morphological changes are observed which resemble those induced in animal cells by RNA tumor viruses. In osteosarcomas where no cytoplasmic antigen could be proved by an immunofluorescence test, the antigen could be produced by cocultivation with antigen-positive leukemic bone marrow cells. Whole human embryo cells treated with fluid from leukemia bone marrow cultures showed the presence of the cytoplasmic antigen when tested with positive sera, but they showed no morphologic changes. In high molecular weight RNA species, sedimentation coefficients ranging from 62S to 68S are demonstrated by molecular hybridization techniques. In cross-hybridization experiments, annealing values were observed only with complementary DNA products synthesized from sarcoma viruses. Three particularly high molecular weight RNA species released from human sarcoma cell cultures showed no cross-hybridization with either the DNA product of Rauscher leukemia virus or that of Gross leukemia virus.
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PMID:Morphological, biological, immunological and biochemical studies on bone tumors of animals and man. 18 70


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