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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We recorded the changes in pulmonary function that occurred after removal of the sternum and manubrium and repair by pectoralis major muscle transposition in six patients. Of these patients, three had osteomyelitis of the manubrium and sternum, two had osteosarcoma of the sternum, and one had osteomyelitis and radionecrosis of the manubrium and sternum. Body plethysmography and the rebreathing, hypercapnic ventilatory response test with inductive plethysmographic recordings of chest-wall motion were performed preoperatively and postoperatively. Preoperatively, four of the six patients had evidence of mild to moderate chest-wall restriction. Pulmonary function was normal in the other two patients. Postoperatively, total lung capacity was unchanged but the vital capacity decreased 11.5% in the overall group. Static compliance, retractive force, and the steady-state diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide decreased modestly but significantly postoperatively. The expiratory flow rates and maximal voluntary ventilation remained unchanged. Preoperatively, the slope of the hypercapnic ventilatory response was less than that predicted. Postoperatively, the slope did not change. In three patients, however, increased dependence on the abdomen for breathing suggested a dynamic restriction of rib-cage motion. On the basis of our findings, we conclude that surgical removal of the sternum and manubrium in conjunction with muscle flap repair is a well-tolerated procedure. Any postoperative changes in pulmonary function are minor.
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PMID:Effect of resection of the sternum and manubrium in conjunction with muscle transposition on pulmonary function. 402 51

The case reported concerns a 12 year-old girl, native of the Cameroons, hospitalized in France for the treatment of the most severe disseminated type of African histoplasmosis (Histoplasma duboisii). In addition to a severe infectious syndrome, the child presented with 3 associated typical involvements: diffuse lymphadenopathy, skin lesions consisting of nodules of the face and trunk and suppurative osteo-articular lesions with an impressive radiological appearance: extensive bone lysis and metaphyseal fractures, without any sign of bone reconstruction, even after several months of treatment. This is rare a disease, but one that should be recognized, especially in its onset localized form, in a patient presenting with infectious osteoarthritis with a torpid evolution leading to the diagnosis of tuberculous or pyogenic infection, or even of osteosarcoma. The disseminated lesions may be difficult to distinguish from the multifocal bone lesions of sickle-cell disease osteomyelitis.
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PMID:[African histoplasmosis. A case]. 648 46

Structural changes in the pubic bone often are difficult to interpret. The radiologic appearance is very different. The differentiation between inflammatory and malignant processes is hardly to distinguish. We are reporting ten patients with osseous changes in the os pubic (4 Ewing's sarcoma, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 Morbus Hodgkin, 1 osteochondronecrosis, 2 osteochondritis, 1 subchronic osteomyelitis). Two patients with Ewing's sarcoma who were initially treated for osteomyelitis are described in detail. Differential diagnosis and previous literature are reviewed.
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PMID:[Roentgen diagnosis of structural changes in the pubic area in children and adolescents. Personal case reports, differential diagnosis and literature review]. 657 21

Of 290 Ugandan children and adolescents with proven Burkitt's lymphoma 11 had lesions in the long bones or the pelvis. These started in the medulla as small osteolytic foci which coalesced and penetrated the cortex causing subperiosteal new bone formation in layers or spicules, and giving rise to large soft-tissue masses. Common sites were the femoral and tibial diaphyses and the metaphyses around the knee. Five were in the epiphyses. Other sites were the pelvis, humerus and ulna. One patient had a lymphomatous synovial effusion of the knee. In the lower limbs the lesions were often bilateral and symmetrical. Five patients had pathological fractures. Radiologically the lesions mimicked Ewing's sarcoma, osteosarcoma, osteomyelitis, acute leukaemia, syphilis and yaws, but clinically they were relatively painless, an important differential diagnostic feature. In the five patients with sustained remissions after chemotherapy the lesions and fractures healed well and the growth plates were undamaged.
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PMID:Burkitt's lymphoma in the appendicular skeleton. 687 20

Any pathological damage occurring in a bone will produce either an osteolytic or osteosclerotic lesion which can be seen in the macroscopic specimen as well as in the roentgenogram. Various bone lesions may lead to local destructions of the bone. An osteoma or osteoplastic osteosarcoma produces an osteosclerotic lesion showing a dense mass in the roentgenogram; a chondroblastoma or an osteoclastoma, on the other had, induces an osteolytic focal lesion. This paper presents examples of different osteolytic lesions of the humerus. An osteolytic lesion seen in the roentgenogram may be either produced by an underlying non-ossifying fibroma of the bone, by fibrous dysplasia, osteomyelitis or Ewing's sarcoma. Differential diagnostic considerations based on the radiological picture include eosinophilic bone granuloma, juvenile or aneurysmal bone cyst, multiple myeloma or bone metastases. Serious differential diagnostic problems may be involved in case of osteolytic lesions occurring in the humerus. Cases of this type involving complications have been reported and include the presence of an teleangiectatic osteosarcoma as well as that of a hemangiosarcoma of the bone.
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PMID:[Intraosseous osteolytic lesions. Diagnostic, differential diagnosis and therapy (author's transl)]. 694 21

An account of primary malignant bone tumors in Africans is presented in this series. The study analyzes 170 Nigerians with bone neoplasms diagnosed over the 17-year period 1960-1976. It accounted for 1.28 percent of tumors registered in the Cancer Registry of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. There were 119 male and 51 female patients, with ages ranging from 4 to 75 years. The most common symptom was painful swelling. Trauma was associated with this condition. The pattern of behavior of these tumors conforms with other reports in the literature, but it showed some geographical variations. The most common tumor in the series was osteosarcoma, although there was no association of Paget's disease, which is very rare in Nigerians. Attention is also called to the presence of osteolytic conditions in the metaphysical region of a long bone, which may be due to osteomyelitis caused by Histoplasma duboisii and which has been confused with a malignant bone tumor in this environment.
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PMID:Primary malignant tumors of bone: incidence in Ibadan, Nigeria. 695 50

A case of patient with osteosarcoma of the tibia resected by the Gruca method who survived 37 years is presented. In spite of the neoplastic recurrence (resected anatomically), long-lasting osteomyelitis, pathological fracture and increasing stiffness of the knee joint the patient has managed to carry out his life plans. This proves the Gruca method to be valuable although being presently replaced by polyvalent chemotherapy.
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PMID:[37-year survival of a patient with osteosarcoma of the proximal tibia after biological resection according to Grucy]. 755 41

A case of chronic septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in a prosthetic knee joint due to Clostridium difficile is reported. A knee prosthesis was installed in a 16-year-old boy for surgical treatment of an osteosarcoma of the femur. Later, the patient suffered a traumatic closed fracture of his patella, and a sterile fluid was aspirated. One month later, the joint displayed inflammation. Culture of the articular fluid yielded a nontoxigenic Clostridium difficile strain. Despite several attempts using conservative medical treatment with penicillins and ornidazole, Clostridium difficile strains with the same antibiotic susceptibility pattern were repeatedly isolated from the joint over an eight-month period. The foreign material was then ablated, and finally, the patient's leg was amputated one year after Clostridium difficile was first isolated. The possible sources of contamination in our case and other reported cases of extraintestinal infection due to Clostridium difficile are discussed.
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PMID:Chronic septic arthritis and osteomyelitis in a prosthetic knee joint due to Clostridium difficile. 758 45

Infective skeletal lesions can mimic bony tumours. Bony lesions without periosteal reactions in adult patients with normal leucocyte counts will have a different differential diagnosis from that of children with bony lesions and a periosteal reaction. In the latter, osteomyelitis should be distinguished from Ewing's sarcoma and osteogenic sarcoma. Due to the difficult preoperative diagnosis a retrospective study was undertaken which included 14 patients with the histological diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis but normal leucocyte count and no periosteal reaction. Radiographs showed cavities in 82%, infiltration in 12% and sclerosis in 6% of cases. All patients who underwent skeletal scintigraphy studies showed increased uptake in the lesions. Magnetic resonance showed increased signal intensity in T2 images. Ordinary radiographs are still the most valuable primary investigation for skeletal lesions.
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PMID:[Chronic osteomyelitis - a diagnostic dilemma]. 777 67

Seventeen patients (age, 12-63 years; median, 22 years) treated with proximal tibial allografts were identified. Nine cases were intercalary and eight were osteoarticular allografts. Complications, number of operations, and oncologic and functional results were reviewed. The functional results of the allografts were compared with a prior cohort of patients who had endoprosthesis at the same institution by the same surgeons. There were 14 malignant tumors, two benign aggressive tumors, and one sclerosing osteomyelitis mimicking osteosarcoma. Twelve of 17 patients had complications, the most common being fracture, deformity, and infection. Six patients required more than one procedure, and three had amputations after allograft reconstruction. The ultimate function was excellent in three patients, good in seven, fair in six, and poor in one. There were 14 patients with endoprosthetic reconstruction. Wound problems followed by prosthetic loosening were the most common complications. Of the eight patients requiring a second procedure, three had an amputation. Three had excellent, seven good, and four fair functional results at the final evaluation. No patient in either group had a local recurrence. Allograft provides an alternative to endoprosthetic reconstruction; however, the high incidence of complications makes the outcome unpredictable. Allograft or prosthetic reconstruction provides better functional results than amputation without sacrificing oncologic results.
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PMID:Allograft reconstruction after proximal tibial resection for bone tumors. An analysis of function and outcome comparing allograft and prosthetic reconstructions. 819 21


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