Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Studies of the presenting height of children with malignancies have produced conflicting results, from an excess of taller patients to an excess of shorter patients. The problems of measurement bias, inadequate comparison populations, small numbers of patients, subgroup analyses, and overreliance on simple significance tests are all possible reasons for the variation in results. To clarify this issue, we studied heights at diagnosis of 3657 children and adolescents aged under 18 years. Their malignancies included acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, acute non-lymphoblastic leukaemia, osteosarcoma, retinoblastoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms' tumour, rhabdomyosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma. Compared with published standards for the heights of children in control populations, no significant deviation from population norms was found for patients in any of the 10 disease categories after proper adjustment for multiple significance testing.
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PMID:Height at diagnosis of malignancies. 360 84

A multicentre registry of children who had been successfully removed from therapy for some common childhood cancers (Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, neuroblastoma, nephroblastoma, acute lymphatic leukaemia and other leukaemias) was established in Italy in 1981. The present study describes mortality and occurrence of second primary malignancies (SPMs) among 1467 children who were alive when the registry was established. Follow-up ended on December 31, 1983 for mortality and 1 year later for the occurrence of SPMs. Sixty-seven deaths were recorded, 11 of which were due to causes other than progression of the original disease. Eleven incident SPMs were identified (i.e. 3 acute myeloid leukaemias, 3 thyroid carcinomas, 1 bilateral breast carcinoma, 1 liver malignant mesenchymoma, 1 astrocytoma, 1 chondrosarcoma and 1 osteosarcoma) corresponding to an incidence rate of 2.1/1000 patient-years at risk. Anecdotal reports were collected regarding 2 further SPMs (a thyroid carcinoma and a myeloid leukaemia) as well as several benign tumours, including 2 mammary fibroadenomas.
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PMID:Late deaths and second primary malignancies among long-term survivors of childhood cancer: an Italian multicentre study. 365 74

Current therapy for children with cancer includes a variety of invasive procedures many of which require repeated venous access over a considerable period of time. Such procedures are poorly tolerated by children and by their veins. Recently it has become possible to undertake the majority of such procedures by means of permanent indwelling silastic catheters improving the quality of life of the children and their parents and increasing the scope of therapeutic intervention. In the period July '83 - August '84 we have used 46 of these catheters in 45 children with malignant disease, 12 with acute myeloid leukaemia, 12 with neuroblastoma, 7 with B cell leukaemia-lymphoma, 6 with rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 with Ewing's Sarcoma, 2 with Wilms' tumor and 1 case each of Hodgkin's disease, teratocarcinoma, osteosarcoma and juvenile chronic myeloid leukaemia. The children's ages ranged from 2 months to 14 years; 22 were male and 23 female. The catheters were inserted under general anaesthesia (duration 20-40 minutes) usually without difficulty, except for a single patient in whom no suitable vein could be found. No complications connected with the placement of the catheter were observed. Subsequent management of the catheter was initially complicated and time-consuming, but was subsequently simplified so that acceptance by parents, children and nursing staff was eventually excellent. The duration of use of 46 catheters ranges from 7 to 350+ days; 24 catheters are presently in use at 30-350+ days from insertion. Eight children died as a result of disease progression and two of sepsis with the catheter in place.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Advantages of a permanent venous access in children treated for cancer. Preliminary results]. 383 38

Two prepubertal sisters of American Indian origin developed osteosarcoma at 8 and 12 years of age. This familial occurrence, tumor onset prior to puberty, unusual tumor location in one who also had short stature, and ethnic background all suggest an inborn predisposition to bone cancer rather than a chance occurrence. Rearrangements involving chromosomes #13 and #14 were found in both the surviving proband and mother. Comparison of the arm ratio and prometaphase G-banding patterns of the rearranged chromosomes suggests either deletion of band 14q11.2 or pericentric inversion (with breakpoints at 13q12 and 14q11.2) in the proband's rearranged chromosome, but not in her mother's. Her mother, who had no malignancy, had a typical Robertsonian translocation [t(13;14)(p11;q11)]. Three previously reported children with chromosomal abnormalities developed osteosarcoma at unusually young ages, younger even than in reported sibships with osteosarcoma. The most frequently detected cytogenetic abnormalities in sarcoma tumor cells involve chromosomes #13 and #14. In addition, some cases of bilateral retinoblastoma and familial unilateral retinoblastoma, which are known to be at increased risk for osteosarcoma, are associated with tiny deletions on chromosome #13. Thus, there may be a causal relationship between constitutional loss or rearrangement of genetic material at these breakpoints on chromosomes #13 or #14 and development of osteosarcoma in this family that is similar to that seen in patients with small constitutional chromosomal deletions who develop Wilms' tumor and retinoblastoma.
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PMID:Familial osteosarcoma associated with 13;14 chromosomal rearrangement. 385 64

Twenty children with recurrent or unresponsive tumours (10 Wilms', 3 rhabdomyosarcoma, 4 Ewings's, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 hepatoblastoma, 1 hepatoma) and one untreated patient with renal carcinoma were given ifosfamide as a 24-h infusion (5 mg/m2), with mesna as uroprotective. The number of courses ranged from 1 to 13 (median 3), and the interval between them was 2-3 weeks. Sixteen of these patients had previously received cyclophosphamide. Complete clinical responses were seen in 3 cases (2 Wilms' and 1 Ewing's) and lasted 5, 7, and 9 months. Partial responses were seen in 3 instances, mixed response or stable disease in 4, and progressive disease in 11. Treatment was well tolerated in most patients, with no cystitis or severe myelosuppression, but 2 children developed transient neurological symptoms and 1 became hypertensive. Nausea and vomiting were controlled by high-dose dexamethasone in most children. Plasma ifosfamide levels were estimated by means of gas-liquid chromatography in 10 patients. Peak concentrations ranged from 38 to 125 micrograms/ml (median 80). The elimination half-life, at 2.5-5.2 h (median 3.2) was shorter than previously reported in adults. Future studies should test the possibility that ifosfamide-containing combination chemotherapy may be more effective than the regimens, usually including cyclophosphamide, that are currently used as front-line treatment of embryonal and Ewing's sarcoma.
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PMID:A phase II study of ifosfamide in children with recurrent solid tumours. 405 69

We have studied the incidence pattern of childhood cancers in Korea. Although the incidence of many tumors in Korea is similar to that in other countries, the incidence of acute myelogenous leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and hepatoma is greater in Korean children. Yonsei Cancer Center commenced a study of multi-modality treatment of childhood cancers in July 1974. The most striking improvement of survival rate was seen in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia (50% at 5 years), Wilms' tumor (65% at 5 years), neuroblastoma (45% at 2 years), osteogenic sarcoma (55% at 2 years) and malignant histiocytosis (20% at 5 years). This study is an attempt to create a basic framework providing the best possible treatment of childhood cancer in Korea. The data obtained in Korea are briefly compared with those in Japan and the United States.
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PMID:The present status of childhood cancer therapy in Korea. 609 45

Since 1970, we have carried out cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy in cooperation with Japanese scientists, particularly Prof. H. Umezawa, who has generously supplied bleomycin, peplomycin, acalcinomycin A (ACM), THP-adriamycin (THP), neothramycin and bestatin. Malignant tumors curable by pharmacotherapy are polycythemia vera (CR 100%), acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) (CR 80%), Burkitt tumor (CR 80 or 50%), Hodgkin disease (CR 80%), chorioepithelioma (CR 80%), testicular cancer (CR 80%), ovary cancer of children (CR 80%), Wilms renal cancer (CR 60%), rhabdomyosarcoma (CR 75%), osteosarcoma (CR 60%), Ewing tumor (CR 60%), brain tumor of children (CR greater than 50%), testicular embryonal cancer of children (CR greater than 50%), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (CR 50%), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) (CR 50%), ovary cancer of adults (CR 40%), small cell lung cancer (CR 20%) and breast cancer. Our experimental and/or clinical experience with ACM, THP, methoxy-9-ellipticine lactate, navelbine, 4-demethyl-epipodophyllotoxin-beta-d-ethyledene glucoside, bestatin and interferon is presented. ACM is effective against AML, ALL, NHL, Burkitt tumor, breast cancer. We have comparatively investigated cardiac and dermal toxicity of 12 kinds of anthracycline antibiotics and mitoxantrone, using golden hamsters. Of the drugs examined, ACM, THP, AD-32 and AD-143 cause much less cardiomyopathy and alopecia than the other agents. The results have been confirmed by electron microscopic studies. Bestatin is an immunorestorator, which recovers immunological functions decreased in aged animals. We hope that cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy will progress in future and contribute to cure of neoplasms. Japanese scientists have been making a great contribution in the field of cancer pharmacotherapy, and we are eager to cooperate with Japanese scientists in cancer treatment studies.
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PMID:[Japanese-French cooperation in tumor pharmacotherapy: 1970-1990]. 619 71

A retrospective analysis of 56 patients less than 19 years old with pulmonary metastases from previously diagnosed sarcomas was performed. Thirty patients had primary osteogenic sarcoma. Eighteen of them underwent a total of 37 thoracotomies. Overall survival was 20%. Twelve patients were noted to have metastatic Wilms' tumor, and 5 of them underwent 7 thoracotomies. This group had a 25% overall survival. Six patients had pulmonary metastases from Ewing's sarcoma. Four of these required pulmonary resection. The overall survival in these patients was 50%. The remaining 8 patients had pulmonary resection for various soft tissue malignancies, with an overll survival of 50%. The results of this review indicate a role for aggressive pulmonary resection in patients in whom the primary tumor is controlled and there is no other evidence of metastatic disease. The frequency of bilaterality and multicentric implants in patients with osteogenic sarcoma and Wilms' tumor suggest the efficacy of a median sternotomy approach in these patients.
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PMID:Pulmonary metastases in childhood sarcoma. 624 44

The review summarizes the most recent results obtained with present combined adjuvant strategy for the treatment of resectable cancer. Recent important randomized clinical trials, either unicentric or polycentric, are discussed. As far as pediatric tumors are concerned post-surgical adjuvant chemotherapy was proved to play a useful role in prolonging the disease-free survival in Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma. Results obtained in the treatment of medulloblastoma and osteogenic sarcoma need further investigations. In adult neoplasms the most important results with combined modality approach are presently being obtained in breast cancer and probably in melanoma. No consistent improvement by adjuvant chemotherapy has been observed in colorectal cancer.
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PMID:Adjuvant therapies of postsurgical minimal residual disease. 625 19

A large proportion of children with Wilms' tumor will become long-term disease-free survivors. A small number of these children are at risk of developing second malignant neoplasms. There have been no previous reports of osteogenic sarcoma of the chest wall following treatment of Wilms' tumor. Our patient was age seven years when he received surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy for Wilms' tumor, eight years when he received radiation and chemotherapy for pulmonary metastases of Wilms' tumor, and 13 years when he developed osteogenic sarcoma of the chest wall.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma after treatment for Wilms' tumor. 628 28


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