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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A multifactorial analysis was performed on all 153 unequivocal cases of genuine osteosarcoma recorded in the Swedish Cancer Registry for the years 1958 through 1968. Cases of so-called parosteal osteosarcoma, soft-tissue osteosarcoma and osteosarcoma secondary to Paget's disease of bone were not included. The osteosarcomas were subclassified as follows: osteoblastic (69 per cent), chondroblastic (19 per cent) and fibroblastic (12 per cent). The overall 5-year survival rate was 22 per cent; 55 per cent for those who had undergone amputation above the joint proximal to the involved skeletal part, 22 per cent for those amputated on the involved skeletal part, 11 per cent for those treated with local extirpation of the tumor, and 1 per cent in cases in which the lesion was not radically removed. Tumors of the femur, humerus and scapula were as malignant as axial tumors. The former carried a 5-year survival rate of 13 per cent, regardless of whether the patients had been treated with exarticulation or amputation on the involved skeletal part. Patients with axial tumors showed a 5-year survival rate of 15 per cent. These survival data suggest that proximal amputation alone might suffice for lesions situated distally to the knee and elbow joints, while tumors in the humerus and femur should be treated with amputation combined with multicytostatic treatment or immunotherapy and axial tumors with local resection and multicytostatic or immunologic treatment.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma. A multifactorial clinical and histopathological study with special regard to therapy and survival. 28 71

Naturally occurring skeletal osteosarcomas in a series of 144 untreated dogs were found especially to involve the ends of the long bones of the forelimbs and affected predominantly older male dogs of giant and large breeds. Most tumors were large and partially necrotic and had extended into soft tissues. Of 12 host and tumor characteristics tested in the first part of the study, tumor diameter and volume were significantly associated with the presence of pulmonary metastases at autopsy. The second part of the study revealed that extension of the tumor into the soft tissues and localization of the tumor in the hind legs were associated with a poor prognosis, whereas the fibrosarcomatous type of tumor was associated, as in man, with a favorable prognosis. An association between the 12 characteristics tested was found in 11 of 78 combinations at the 5% level and in 5 combinations at the 1% level. Affected giant dogs were generally younger than affected small and medium-sized dogs. Especially in giant dogs, the osteosarcomas involved the long bones and were of relatively large diameters. The sarcomas in female dogs were larger in volume than those in males. Pure osteoblastic osteosarcomas were generally smaller than combined (chondroblastic and fibroblastic) osteosarcomas. Peritumorous lymphocytes and plasma cells were present in 50% of the dogs, especially in small and young dogs. When compared with a reference population, great Danes, rottweilers, German shepherds, and boxers were found to be overrepresented in the osteosarcoma group.
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PMID:Some prognostic and epidemiologic factors in canine osteosarcoma. 28 83

An apparently normal, healthy 3-year-old boy developed redness of the left eye. An ophthalmologist discovered an intraocular tumor which he believed arose from the choroid. The child's 17-year-old mother developed osteosarcoma of the right femur during pregnancy and died a short while after his birth. Because of the rarity of malignant melanoma of the choroid in this age group, an exhaustive study was made resulting in firm evidence that this was probably a melanoma. The eye was enucleated. Pathologic study demonstrated a malignant melanoma with unusually pleomorphic cells.
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PMID:Malignant melanoma of choroid developing in the eye of a three-year-old boy. 28 30

Twenty-four patients who had osseous lesions with histological features of both Ewing's sarcoma and osteosarcoma were studied. Because of their appearance, these lesions have been labeled small-cell osteosarcomas. They appear to represent a definite histological entity and the prognosis may be worse for these lesions than for conventional osteosarcomas. It is most important not to misdiagnose this tumor as Ewing's sarcoma because it appears not to be radiosensitive. Radical surgery and modern adjuvant chemotherapy seem to offer the best chance of cure.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma with small cells simulating Ewing's tumor. 28 9

Rabbit antibodies to nucleoli isolated from HeLa cells produced bright nucleolar fluorescence in HeLa cells by the indirect immunofluorescence technique. After absorption with fetal bovine serum and placental nuclei, the IgG still produced bright nucleolar fluorescence in 12 human tumor cells including HeLa, HEp-2, cultures of prostate and mammary carcinomas, the Goldenberg GW-39 colon tumor, and biopsy specimens of prostatic, adrenal cortical, thyroid, and squamous cell carcinomas, a hairy cell leukemia of the spleen, a hepatic metastasis of an adenocarcinoma of the colon, and an osteogenic sarcoma. Bright nucleolar fluorescence was not produced in nine nontumor human cells including biopsy specimens of bone marrow, kidney, placenta, thyroid, liver, and prostate, peripheral blood buffy coat, and cultures of normal skin fibroblasts. Nucleolar fluorescence with the absorbed IgG was prevented in HeLa cells by pretreatment of the cells with acid, base, and proteases but not by pretreatment with nucleases; absorption of this IgG with extracts of HeLa nucleoli prevented the nucleolor fluorescence in HeLa and other human tumor cells.
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PMID:Nucleolar antigen found in several human tumors but not in the nontumor tissues studied. 28 13

A comparative electrone microscopic investigation of osteogenic sarcomas and giant-cell bone tumors has revealed the ultrastructural differences between a mononuclear component of the giant-cell tumor and the most frequently observed type of osteogenic sarcoma cells (a well-developed ergastoplasma in cells of osteogenic sarcoma and moderately developed one- in the giant-cell tumor of bones, different rate of development of the mitochondrial apparatus, the character of nuclei) that indicates different genesis of these two tumor types. In giant-cell bone tumors a definite ultrastructural similarily between some mono- and multinuclear cells (a large number of mitochondrial, similar character of nuclei) may speak in favour of the common source of their development and explains the high activity of oxidoreduction enzymes in them revealed histochemically.
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PMID:[Ultrastructure of a giant cell tumor of the bones and of osteogenic sarcoma]. 28 63

Sera from 8 patients with osteosarcoma and 64 normal individuals were examined by C1q and Raji cell radioimmunoassays for the presence of circulating immune complexes. Of the 8 patients with osteosarcoma, 6 had elevated levels of immune complexes in their sera. The elevated levels of immune complexes were demonstrated by both the C1q radioimmunoassay and the Raji cell radioimmunoassay. The amount of immune complexes was quantitated by Raji cell radioimmunoassay; the mean plus or minus the standard error of the amount of aggregated human IgG equivalent per milliliter of serum was 80.12+/-72.64 micrograms for patients with osteosarcoma and 23.07+/-6.2 micrograms for normal individuals. The blocking effect of sera from patients with osteosarcoma on lymphocyte cytotoxicity against cultured osteosarcoma cells (TE-85) was examined. The result indicated that sera with elevated amounts of immune complexes also had increased levels of blocking activity. Sera were fractionated to separate immune complexes from gamma-globulins. No free tumor-specific antibody could be detected in fractionated gamma-globulin fractions from 2 patients with osteosarcoma. The sera of these patients had high amounts of immune complexes and high blocking activities.
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes in human osteosarcoma. 28 87

The authors report the data on the disease clinical course being dependent on the peculiarities of tumor differentiation. The work is based on the findings of treatment and dynamic follow-up of 156 patients with osteogenic sarcoma of extremity bones. Distant gammatherapy, as the principal method of treatment, was employed in all patients. A cytological test was used to determine the morphological character of the tumor. It was shown that clinico-cytological correlations sometimes help to reveal significant differences in development of the disease. In groups of patients with signs of primary tumor anaplasia male individuals showing acute pains, prompt tumor growth and marked general intoxication phenomena were predominating. In radiotherapy of this group of patients a positive response, which may allow a continuous dynamic observation, is more rarely gained.
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PMID:[Clinical cytological characteristics of osteogenic sarcoma]. 28 23

Necropsy of a six year old female German Shepherd revealed the presence of a large oval mass in the thoracic cavity originating from the thickened proximal portion of the right fourth rib. Osteolytic osteosarcoma was diagnosed on the basis of gross appearance, presence of many pleomorphic spindle cells, containing pink stained intracytoplasmic granules in cytological preparations of impression smears of the tumor and histopathology. The tumor was considered highly malignant and was characterized by an abundant osteoblastic and connective tissue stroma with extreme cellular pleomorphism including giant cells, atypical mitoses and occasional trabeculae of tumor bone and osteoid. Metastases were found in the lung and spleen. Electron microscopy was carried out to support the diagnosis.
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PMID:Case report: osteolytic osteosarcoma in a German Shepherd bitch. 28 48

A recent case of primary osteosarcoma of the kidney prompted a review of the literature for this rare malignancy. Six cases have been recorded, and this case represents the seventh. The clinical and pathologic features of this lethal tumor are discussed. The presentation of flank pain, gross hematuria, a palpable mass, and a localized parenchymal calcification on x-ray film should alert the clinician to the possibility of renal osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Primary renal osteosarcoma. 28 84


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