Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three of nine children of possibly consanguineous American Indian parents developed typical osteosarcoma in a 2-year period. Etiologic investigations detected limb anomalies and elevated mean corpuscular volumes (98--109 micrometer3) in the surviving tumor patient, several of her sibs, and her father. Limb anomalies included simple clinodactyly with brachymesophalangy, absence of one digital ray of the foot, and bilateral radioulnar synostosis. The red cell macrocytosis was not accompanied by anemia or explained by the usual causes. No unusual environmental exposures were found and screening for possible oncogenic viruses by culture, electron microscopy, and serology was negative. All family members had elevated antibody titers to Epstein-Barr viral antigens. The proband and her father had excessive chromosomal breaks in the bone marrow. This unusual familial pattern of osseous malignancy and malformation and defective erythropoiesis, tentatively called OSLAM syndrome, may represent impaired regulation of bone development.
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PMID:Multiple childhood osteosarcomas in an American Indian family with erythroid macrocytosis and skeletal anomalies. 20 63

The incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced in hamsters of the three inbred strains LSH/SsLak, LHC/Lak, and MHA/SsLak, inocuated iv at 3 weeks of age with 10(7.5) median tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) of simian virus 40 (SV40). were determined and compared with those of the outbred stock LVG/Lak. Although the incidence and latency were approximately the same in hamsters of the three inbred strains, hamsters of the outbred stock exhibited almost complete resistance to tumor induction under identical experimental conditions. The morphologic types of neoplasms, i.e., lymphocytic leukemia, reticulum cell sarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, and anaplastic sarcoma, induced in inbred hamsters were similar to those induced in outbred hamsters inoculated iv with 10(8.5) TCID50 SV40. The lymphocytic leukemias that developed in the 2 LSH/SsLak inbred hamsters were established as tumor transplants in vivo and as permanent cell lines in vitro.
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PMID:Incidence, latency, and morphologic types of neoplasms induced by simian virus 40 inoculated intravenously into hamsters of three inbred strains and one outbred stock. 20 20

Osteosarcoma of bone is a recognizable entity if the histopathologist designates tumors as such when their malignatn cells produce osteoid substance even if only in small foci. Such definition distinguishes this lesion from other sarcomas that arise in bone, especially chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma. There is a general tendency to consider that osteosarcomas represent a stereotyped form of disease for which new modalities of treatment can be applied and assessed. The question of whether a given osseous lesion is actually malignant and not a benign neoplasm or even a reactive non-neoplastic condition simulating a malignant tumor may be difficult for the histopathologist. Pathologists without considerable experience in the diagnosis of bone tumors find this question especially vexing. The establishment of a valid diagnosis of osteosarcoma introduces the additional problem that the 11 varieties considered in this paper may pose significant recognizable variations in the clinical capability of the disease. It is apparent that the physician must recognize the known clinicopathologic and prognostic factors of these subtypes in his assessment of the overall problem.
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PMID:Osteosarcoma of bone and its important recognizable varieties. 20 2

BK virus (BKV), a human papovavirus, was inoculated iv into 3-week-old Syrian golden hamsters. Between 2 1/2 and 9 months after inoculation, 82% of the animals developed tumors. The induced neoplasms were ependymoma, carcinoma of the pancreatic islets, osteosarcoma, adenocarcinoma, angiosarcoma, angioma, lymphoma, and seminoma. Hypersecretion of insulin, glucagon, C-peptide, and calcitonin was detected in tumors of pancreatic islets. BKV etiology of tumors was supported by the following evidence: 1) No tumors with BKV-specific markers appeared in animals given injections of buffer, animals inoculated with BKV neutralized by anti-BKV-specific serum, or uninoculated controls; 2) BKV tumor (T) antigen was detected by immunofluorescence and complement fixation tests in tumors of animals inoculated with infectious BKV and in transplanted tumors; 3) antibodies to BKV T-antigen were detected in sera of animals bearing primary or transplanted tumors; 4) BKV could be activated by Sendai virus-mediated fusion of neoplastic cells with susceptible Vero cells; and 5) no endogenous hamster oncornaviruses were found in tumors.
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PMID:Ependymomas, malignant tumors of pancreatic islets, and osteosarcomas induced in hamsters by BK virus, a human papovavirus. 21 Dec 43

Studies were made to determine if examination with multiple radiopharmaceuticals would improve the sensitivity and specificity of colloid liver spleen scans. Increased uptake of Ga-67 citrate and In-111 bleomycin was found in most Tc-99m sulfur colloid scan defects caused by hepatocellular hepatoma or lymphoma. Increased uptake of these agents was found in some defects caused by malignant melanoma, breast carcinoma and carcinoma of the lung, and was rarely seen in defects caused by cholangiocarcinoma or gastrointestinal neoplasms. Gallium was useful in the followup of patients with hepatoma. Procedures designed to evaluate the gall bladder fossa, renal impression, or blood pool activity of an apparent tumor were found to be helpful and simple to perform. Iodine-131 as NaI was useful in studying functioning liver metastases from thyroid carcinoma as were bone scanning agents in evaluating hepatic metastases from osteogenic sarcoma. Multiple radiopharmaceutical evaluation of the physiologic and biochemical characteristics of liver lesions supplements current radiologic examinations and increases diagnostic specificity.
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PMID:A study of filling defects in the liver and spleen with multiple radionuclides. 21 17

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft part is rather common but malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone is rarely encountered clinically. Authors present five cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma with skeletal involvement and discuss their clinical course, x-ray findings and histological features. This tumor has marked tendency for local recurrence and metastasis. Other bone tumors such as giant cell tumor, aneurysmal bone cyst, non ossifying fibroma, osteosarcoma, fibrosarcoma of bone and metastatic cancer can be excluded by several characteristic findings observed in x-rays as well as histopathological features. All information on the patient should be carefully analysed, because it is difficult to decide whether bone involvement is primary or secondary. Four out of five cases definitely originated within the bone.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma with skeletal involvement. 21 2

Nineteen human tumors, mostly of sarcomatous nature, were cultured in vitro. Three cell lines were isolated and further characterized: MG-57 derived from a giant cell tumor, MG-63 derived from an osteosarcoma and MG-72 derived from a xanthohistiocytoma. The cell lines varied in morphology and growth pattern. An abnormal karyotype with marker chromosomes was present in Mg-63 and MG-72. None of the cell lines spontaneously produced detectable C-type virus particles. Stimulation with IUDR and dexamethasone also failed to induce detectable particle release.
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PMID:In vitro cultivation of human tumor tissues. II. Morphological and virological characterization of three cell lines. 21 53

Thirty-five cases of primary malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone are reported. Twenty of these cases were collected from a retrospective analysis of other malignant bone tumors. The age range was from 11 to 69 years; the average age was 34 years. The tumor occurred most commonly in the distal femur and proximal tibia. The distinguishing histologic feature was a storiform arrangement of spindle cells. The differential diagnosis included fibrosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma, malignant giant cell tumor, malignant lymphoma, and metastatic carcinoma. Follow-up of at least three years was available in 21 cases. Of these, nine patients were alive and free of metastases three and one-half to 12 years after treatment. Two were alive with solitary metastases at three years, and 10 patients died between three months and three years after treatment. In four cases the lesions were multicentric at the time of diagnosis and in four cases were associated with bone infarction. This tumor must be recognized as an important complication of bone infarction and should be suspected when a patient with a known history of bone infarction develops a change in symptoms. Because the prognosis of this tumor is significantly better than that in those tumors with which it had been previously grouped, and in view of its association with bone infarction, it deserves to be maintained as a distinct clinicopathologic entity. Amputation is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone: a study of 35 cases. 21 83

Cancer chemotherapy was purely palliative until the early sixties. Tumor cures have been since obtained, first in malignant trophoblastoma and Burkitt's lymphoma, and more recently in Hodgkin's disease, diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, acute lymphocytic leukemia in children, Wilms's tumor and osteosarcoma. Preliminary data are suggestive of tumor cures in testicular teratomas and, possibly, in small cell carcinoma of the lung. Five patients with trophoblastoma, Hodgkin's disease, melanoma, chronic myelocytic leukemia and anaplastic carcinoma of the lung are briefly presented, all without evidence of tumor relapse 3 years or more after chemotherapy. Theoretical bases for improvement of the curative effect of cancer chemotherapy are discussed, including the development of new agents, and new pharmacological problems concerning drug interactions, complexes of drugs with macromolecules or immunoglobulins and liposomes are considered.
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PMID:[Curability of malignant neoplasms: value and limitations of chemotherapy]. 21 68

There is sufficient impetus from the clinical nature of osteogenic sarcoma to stimulate basic studies of the effects of hormones on tumor growth and differentiation. This can probably best be done first by the use of in vitro studies to determine precisely the effects of certain hormones on tumor cell growth and biochemical function. Such investigations would hopefully indicate the direction of in vivo work. The differentiated transplantable tumor described in this paper is clearly hormone-responsive, and offers a means of investigating the effects of other hormones, including growth hormone, androgens, estrogens and glucocorticoids, on specialized function of the osteogenic sarcoma cells, and on the growth of the tumor.
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PMID:Metabolic properties of hormonally responsive osteogenic sarcoma cells. 22 74


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