Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Resection of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma has been reported by us to result in a five-year survival rate of 27 percent. A later report of surgical management of pulmonary metastases from all types of sarcomas showed a five-year survival rate of 26%. This report reviews the experience with 188 patients treated surgically for pulmonary metastasis from a variety of carcinomas, demonstrating that a similar rate of survival is obtainable by surgical excision of these metastases. A total of 188 patients underwent 242 thoractomies for metastatic pulmonary carcinomas. The most frequent sites of origin were the colon, melanoma, breast, and testicular carcinoma. Surgical treatment of these metastases is justified when the following criteria are adhered to: (1) primary site controlled or controllable; (2) no extrapulmonary metastatic sites demonstrable; (3) good surgical risk; and (4) no effective treatment available by nonsurgical means.
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PMID:Pulmonary resection in metastatic carcinoma. 62 May 76

Rhabdomyosarcoma usually presents as a soft tissue mass, which may invade adjacent bone. However, the patient presents occasionally with bony metastases. Recognition of these is important for staging and management. Fifty-eight cases have been reviewed; 14 of these had local bone invasion by the soft tissue tumour. All bones involvel were flat bones; 12 showed permeated bone destruction and two showed geographic destruction. Bone expansion was seen in half the involved bones. Twelve of the 58 cases showed secondary bone deposits, which were the presenting feature in five. Although 10 cases had permeated bone destruction, two were very well defined with a wide range of radiological appearances. The radiological differential diagnosis includes neuroblastoma, leukaemic infiltration, lymphoma, histiocytosis X, solitary and multifocal osteosarcoma and other deposits.
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PMID:The radiology of bone changes in rhabdomyosarcoma. 62 1

Serum copper levels (SCL) and serum zinc levels (SZL) were evaluated in 19 patients with sarcomas, 12 of which were osteosarcomas at various stages. Patients with primary or metastatic osteosarcoma had elevated SCL, whereas amputated osteosarcoma patients who were clinically tumor-free had nearly normal SCL. Patients with primary osteosarcoma had elevated SZL, those with metastases had depressed zinc levels, and amputated patients who were clinically tumor-free and nearly normal SZL. Thus, the ratio of SCL:SZL in metastatic osteosarcoma patients is higher than in patients with primary osteosarcoma. SCL and SZL are compared to clinical histories for selected patients. Patients with the more advanced disease and poorest prognoses had the most elevated SCL and highest SCL:SZL ratios. It appears that the determination of SCL and SZL in osteosarcoma patients may be of value in prognosis and therapy evaluation; furthermore, the ratio of SCL:SZL may be useful in discriminating between patients with primary and metastatic osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Copper and zinc levels in serum from human patients with sarcomas. 76 64

Forty-nine cases of primary tumors of the mandible have been reviewed. The anatomic location, pathologic features, sites of metastases, survival rates, and treatment methods were evaluated. Lesions studied included ameloblastoma, osteogenic sarcoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, epidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and giant cell sarcoma. An in-depth discussion of primary osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible is presented. Because of upper cervical lymph node metastases in two cases of osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible, an upper neck dissection should be considered in the primary treatment. Also presented in this study are the first reported cases or primary myxosarcoma of the mandible and giant cell sarcoma of the mandible. Recent methods of treatment of ablative resection of the mandible followed by immediate or delayed repair are discussed. A revised technic for mandibular replacement which has met with success in six of seven cases is presented.
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PMID:Primary tumors of the mandible. A study of 49 cases. 79 Sep 85

In conclusion, then, we would answer the seven questions raised earlier concerning transfer factor as follows: Certianly, as shown by clinical results, it does exist. It does have a definite immunologic effect in humans, boosting cell-mediated immunity, as shown by a rise in the level of active T cells. Its clinical effects have been demonstrated repeatedly, and it should become useful in still other clinical situations as further research provides more effective therapeutic modalities. Transfer factor from selected donors appears to provide prophylaxis against metastasis when administered to osteosarcoma patients with no clinically evident metastases at the time of surgical removal of the primary tumor; whether this treatment is superior to chemotherapeutic prophylaxis is conjectural and controversial. Its mechanism of action has not been demonstrated as yet, although many theories exist. The best evidence is that the effects are both specific and nonspecific. It appears to be produced by T lymphocytes. The exact nature of the substance we call "transfer factor" remains to be elucidated. Further research should provide more conclusive answers to these questions.
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PMID:Dialyzable transfer factor in the treatment of human osteosarcoma: an analytic review. 79 87

Metastasis of osteogenic sarcoma to the mandible is extremely rare. A case of mandibular metastasis of an osteogenic sarcoma of the left fibula is presented. The patient, a 17-year-old Japanese girl, was suffering from a metastatic gingival tumor, 3 by 5 cm. in size, with ulceration. Eventually, there were multiple metastases not only to the mandible but also to the thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, zygomatic bone, clavicle, sternum, humerus, rib, femur, tibia, lung, and meninges.
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PMID:Mandibular metastasis of osteogenic sarcoma. Report of a case. 80 65

A single intramedullary administration of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) into the mandible in 32 rabbits induced 21 cases of osteogenic sarcoma (65.6%), 5 chondrosarcoma (15.6%), 2 fibrosarcomas, and 3 cementoblastomas. None of the tumors appeared until the 3rd month after the treatment. From the 4th to 6th month, early stages of osteogenic tumors were seen. In the late stadium, from 7th to 12th month, tumors showed prominent proliferation and invasion to the oral cavity and surrounding areas. Metastasis to the lung and liver was found in 2 cases of osteogenic sarcoma.
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PMID:Experimental production of osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible in rabbits with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide. 80 98

Fifty-three patients with histologically confirmed osteogenic sarcoma of bone and no clinical evidence of pulmonary metastases were divided into two equivalent groups: one received elective pulmonary irradiation of 1500 rads administered to both lung fields, and the other acted as a control group. There were no significant differences in either survival probabilities or the interval between treatment and the development of pulmonary metastases. Therefore, elective whole lung irradiation so administered was not found to be of value as a prophylactic measure in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. There were no recognized untoward reactions to the pulmonary irradiation.
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PMID:Elective whole lung irradiation in the treatment of osteogenic sarcoma. 82 47

Radiotherapy of bone tumors can now be performed exclusively by megavolt therapy. Giant cell tumors hsould be resected. If the lesion is not completely resectable, surgery should be followed by the administration of a target dose of 3000 rads in 4-6 weeks. Inoperable giant cell tumors are irradiated to a tumor dose of 5000 rads, inoperable giant cell tumors of grade III receive a dose of 8000 rads as do osteosarcomas. Ewing's sarcoma and reticulum cell sarcoma can be totally destroyed by a tumor dose of 6000 rad with sufficient reliability. Combination with chemotherapy may offer a chance of improvement. Osteosarcoma should be resected. If surgery is too late (early distant metastases), a tumor dose of 8000 to 10000 rads would be able to destroy the tumor cells. Histologic control investigations have proved this.
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PMID:X-ray therapy of primary bone tumors. 82 97

Spontaneous pneumothorax is an uncommon complication of lung metastatic disease. In most of the cases reported until today, the primary disease was a sarcoma (osteogenic sarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma, hemangioendotheliosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma). An exceptional case of spontaneous pneumothorax in a patient suffering from carcinoma of the breast with lung metastases, is herein presented. The pneumothorax developed immediately after regression of lung metastases during administration of combined chemotherapy. Some etiological factors, as well as the rarity of this complication and its treatment, are also discussed.
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PMID:Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating lung metastases from carcinoma of the breast. 83 Mar 15


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