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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-one cases of a benign fibro-osseous pseudotumor occurring in the soft tissues of the digits are described. They affected mostly young adults. Twenty of the 21 cases involved the soft tissues of the fingers, especially the proximal portions of the index or middle finger, and one case involved the toe. Microscopically these tumor-like lesions closely resembled myositis ossificans, but unlike this process they involved chiefly the subcutaneous tissue and adjacent fibrous structures and were marked by an irregular multinodular growth pattern without the typical zoning of myositis ossificans. Because of the focal hypercellularity, cellular atypia and increased mitotic activity six of the cases were initially interpreted as being parosteal or extraskeletal osteosarcoma. Follow-up information indicates that this lesion behaves in a nonaggressive fashion and is curable by complete local excision.
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PMID:Fibro-osseous pseudotumor of the digits. 346 98

A case is presented of a 10-year-old girl who had a benign osseous tumor of the temporalis muscle. The tumor appeared to be a variant of the so-called pseudomalignant osseous tumor of the soft tissues and could readily be distinguished from both osteogenic sarcoma and myositis ossificans.
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PMID:Pseudomalignant osseous tumor of the temporalis muscle. 386 77

This clinicopathologic study concerns 21 patients with myositis ossificans, whose ages ranged from 7 to 81 years (average, 40.3 years). The lesions were located in the thigh (10 cases), upper arm (6 cases), and other sites (5 cases). In all patients the lesion was solitary, and in all but one, it was seen within the muscle. Histologically, the lesions exhibited a wide range of histologic features with different amounts of immature fibroblastic cells, osteoid, cartilage, and young or mature bone accompanied by fibrous connective tissue. They could be classified into three types according to the predominant or most striking histologic features. Type I (6 cases) was characterized by highly cellular areas with islands of osteoid, having occasionally been confused with extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma. Type II lesions (8 cases) consisted mainly of osteoid and young bone rimmed by osteoblasts, in the occasional presence of cellular areas. Type III lesions (7 cases) were made up almost wholly of mature bone and cartilage surrounded invariably by dense fibrous connective tissue. Prognosis was excellent in 17 patients for whom follow-up information was available. Difference between Type I myositis ossificans and extraskeletal osteogenic sarcoma was briefly described, following an additional review of three cases of the latter.
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PMID:Myositis ossificans. A clinicopathologic study of 21 cases. 386 84

The very sudden onset of a painful muscular tumefaction was suggestive of a para-ostal osteosarcoma or myosarcoma. Ultrasound imaging showed a heterogeneous echogenic mass with several extending shadow cones, raising the possibility of the benign nature of the lesion, but urgent operation showed the pseudomalignant circumscribed myositis nature of the affection.
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PMID:[Pseudomalignant, hyperacute circumscribed myositis. Contribution and limitations of echography. Review of the literature. Apropos of a case]. 388 31

Radiology in a patient with non-traumatic myositis ossificans produced standard images suggestive of juxta-cortical osteosarcoma, the peripheral form of a chondrosarcoma or a synovial sarcoma. Ultrasound failed to provide a conclusive diagnosis, and a scan was the only means of suggesting the benign nature of the lesion by demonstrating integrity of bony cortex and characteristic disposition of calcifications.
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PMID:[Non-traumatic myositis ossificans. Ultrasonic and x-ray computed tomographic aspects. Apropos of a case]. 390 Mar 74

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissues (MFH), a mesenchymal tumor of varied morphologic patterns and cell types, sometimes contains bone and cartilage. Such bony and cartilaginous elements in a pleomorphic MFH may pose a difficult diagnostic challenge. An MFH with bone and cartilage can be distinguished from extraosseous osteogenic sarcoma and chondrosarcoma on the basis of qualitative and quantitative features of the osseous and chondroid elements. Five cases of soft tissue MFH containing bone and cartilage reported here showed: 1) that the bony and cartilaginous elements are mostly metaplastic and tend to be in the pseudo-capsule or fibrous septa of the tumor; and 2) that the bony elements may show a zoning pattern with peripheral maturation similar to myositis ossificans. In a single case, there was a small amount of "tumor osteoid." However, this was focal and lacked the diffuse and finely divided or ribbon-like pattern generally associated with osteogenic sarcoma. The probability that MFH with bone and cartilage is less aggressive than soft tissue osteogenic sarcoma or chondrosarcoma underscores the importance of accurate histologic diagnosis of these tumors.
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PMID:The significance of bone and cartilage formation in malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissue. 627 50

A unique case of an osteosarcoma arising within a hamartoma of the thymic gland located in the left pleural cavity of an 11-year-old girl is described. The presence of abundant mature lamellar bone within this thymic hamartoma provides an explanation for the osseous histogenesis of the sarcoma. The development of an osteosarcoma from extraskeletal osseous tissue is a rare occurrence and has been documented in association with myositis ossificans and most recently in a case of dermatomyositis with metaplastic ossification.
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PMID:Extraskeletal osteosarcoma arising in an ectopic hamartomatous thymus. Report of a case and review of the literature. 633 88

The value of new morphologic methods in the diagnosis of bone tumors is demonstrated in a number of cases. In round cell malignancies (Ewing's sarcoma, malignant lymphoma, neuroblastoma, and anaplastic plasmacytoma) diagnostic accuracy can be improved by electron microscopic and immunohistochemical techniques. New methods are also of value in differentiating the metastatic carcinoma from malignant bone primaries. Electron microscopy may show epithelial cell features (ie, gland structures, desmosomes, and tonofilaments), while immunohistologic investigation of the cytoskeleton may facilitate differentiation of epithelial cells (positive for prekeratin) from mesenchymal cells (positive for vimentin). In the differential diagnosis of typical bone tumors, however, such as osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, the value of enzyme histochemical, electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical methods appears somewhat restricted: alkaline phosphatase activity may be increased in both chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma; collagen type II, the cartilage-specific collagen, is found not only in chondrosarcoma but in osteosarcoma as well. Moreover, osteosarcomas may contain a considerable number of macrophages and histiocytes, and so this feature is worthless in distinguishing osteosarcoma from malignant fibrous histiocytoma. A new approach for appraising the malignancy of bone tumors may be through flow cytometric investigation of nuclear DNA content. Osteosarcomas reveal DNA aneuploidies in more than 80% of cases, with a large proportion of cells in the S phase. These features may prove valuable for discerning osteosarcoma from myositis ossificans. In contrast to typical giant cell tumor of bone, a rare case of malignant giant cell tumor showed aneuploid cell lines indicating the malignant nature of the tumor.
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PMID:New cytomorphologic methods in the diagnosis of bone tumors: possibilities and limitations. 660 Jan 11

The computed tomographic (CT) scans and medical records of 35 patients with proven benign soft-tissue masses of the extremities were reviewed to assess the contribution of CT in the evaluation of such masses. CT demonstrated the mass in all 35 cases and was able to provide a specific diagnosis in 28 (80%); 25 prospectively, three retrospectively. Correct diagnoses made using CT included hematomas (five), synovial cysts (seven), myositis ossificans (six), fatty tumors (four), aneurysms (three), pseudoaneurysms (two), schwannoma (one), and abscess (one). The CT appearance of a hematoma depends on its age. Synovial cysts are near-water-density masses, often associated with a small joint effusion. Myositis ossificans can be differentiated from parosteal osteosarcoma by virtue of its characteristic zonal ossification. Lipomas are recognized on noncontrast scans by the characteristic low attenuation of fat, while aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms are best diagnosed on postcontrast scans. In seven cases (20%) a specific diagnosis could not be made on the basis of the CT scan. However, in these cases CT delineated the extent of the mass and demonstrated its relation to surrounding structures; this anatomic information was helpful in planning surgical excision or percutaneous biopsy. The authors conclude that CT is a valuable noninvasive imaging method for the evaluation of soft-tissue masses of the extremities.
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PMID:CT of benign soft-tissue masses of the extremities. 660 49

A 3-month-old white female presented with a bone-forming lesion of the soft tissue of the left cheek. Skeletal survey revealed numerous associated radiographic abnormalities, predominantly involving the phalanges. Mineral metabolism and endocrine function were within normal limits. Multiple operations were performed over a 17-year period for palliation of sequelae arising from inability to open the mouth due to ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint by the progressively ossifying lesion. Histologically, the pathologic material had features resembling those of periosteal grafts, with all stages of membranous bone formation and a tendency for more mature lesions later in the course. .The clinico-pathologic features are those of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP). The differential diagnosis of this rare condition from other bone-forming lesions of the soft tissue such as myositis ossificans, extra-skeletal osteosarcoma and osseous metaplasia is discussed.
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PMID:Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: a distinctive bone-forming lesion of the soft tissue. 694 42


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