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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of primary malignant mesenchymoma of bone is reported. It's a very rare kind of tumor of which only four cases were previously reported in the literature. It's a malignant neoplasm where histological aspects of both liposarcoma and osteosarcoma coexist. Prognosis appears to be similar to that of osteosarcoma.
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PMID:Primary malignant mesenchymoma of bone (case report). 28 27

A review of bone tumors in animals, based on cases reported in the literature and on personal examination of cases from several universities in the U.S.A. and Europe, has shown that: 1. The following bone tumors occur in decreasing order of frequency in animals: osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteochondroma, hemangiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and liposarcoma; 2. The dog has by far the highest frequency of bone tumors; and osteosarcomas account for approximately 80 percent of bone tumors in dog, followed by chondrosarcomas and hemangiosarcomas; 3. Bone tumors occur less frequently in the cat than in the dog, and are of essentially the same types and incidence as in the dog; 4. Sheep has a unique propensity for chondrosarcoma and primary bone tumors are rare in other species; 5. Giant cell tumors, reticulum cell sarcomas, and Ewing's sarcomas are exceptional findings in animals.
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PMID:Comparative pathology of bone tumors in animals, with particular emphasis on the dog. 79 21

After inoculating newborn W/Fu rats with adenovirus type 9, 27 of 27 females developed mammary fibroadenomas with a latency period of 14-25 weeks. No tumors were observed after inoculation with adenovirus type 5 or in males with the type 9 inoculation. After persistence of the tumors for 3-14 months, malignant transformation of the stroma resulted in different types of sarcoma in three rats: fibrosarcoma, round-cell liposarcoma, osteosarcoma and malignant mesenchymoma. In another animal the stroma of a fibroadenoma was highly cellular, suggesting a transition into fibrosarcoma. Malignant transformation of the epithelial component was not observed. Tumor cells contained adenovirus type 9-specific T-antigen, and rats with transplanted tumors were immunized to T-antigen. Mammary fibroadenomas without signs of malignant transformation developed in eight of nine female rats inoculated with adenovirus type 9 at an adult age. Neonatal thymectomy and total body x-irradiation neither significantly shortened the induction time of adenovirus 9-induced fibroadenomas nor increased the frequency of malignant transformation in females. One lipoma and one highly differentiated liposarcoma, however, appeared in two male rats. The results provide an example of the progression of a virus-induced benign tumor into a malignant neoplasm.
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PMID:Studies on adenovirus type 9-induced mammary fibroadenomas in rats and their malignant transformation. 87 51

Survival data on a population-based series of bone, soft tissue and visceral sarcomas diagnosed in the North West of England between 1982-84 and subjected to histopathological peer review are presented. Five-year crude survival for all cases was 34%. Survival in males and females did not differ significantly (P = 0.6, 5-year survival 32% vs 36%) but was markedly worse for patients diagnosed over the median age of 60 years, even when allowance was made for underlying mortality (P = 0.03, 34% vs 44%). Five-year survival rates for the major site groups were: bone 44%; soft tissues of head, neck and trunk 36%; soft tissues of extremities 35%; female genital tract 35%; retroperitoneum 15%; gastro-intestinal tract 13%. Analysis by the major histological types revealed the following survival rates: leiomyosarcoma--female genital tract 25%, gastro-intestinal tract 14%, non-visceral soft tissue 21%; malignant fibrous histiocytoma of soft tissue 29%; liposarcoma 52%; osteosarcoma of bone 46%; and chondrosarcoma of bone 50%.
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PMID:Sarcomas in north west England: III. Survival. 141 7

We have analyzed the characteristics of 67Ga scintigram and MRI in 11 malignant bone tumors and 11 malignant soft tissue tumors. Osteosarcoma showed a high accumulation in 67Ga scintigram and low signal intensity in T1 weighted image. T2 weighted image were not characteristic. Chondrosarcoma showed medium 67Ga accumulation and low signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. Ewing sarcoma showed low accumulation in 67Ga scan and medium intensity in MRI. Malignant soft tissue tumors showed rather low 67Ga accumulation compared with malignant bone tumors. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma showed medium accumulation of 67Ga, low signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. Liposarcoma showed low 67Ga accumulation and medium signal in T1 weighted image and high signal in T2 weighted image. To summarize these characteristics, three dimensional display is demonstrated.
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PMID:[67Ga scintigram and MRI in malignant bone tumors and malignant soft tissue tumors]. 143 78

This study investigates the potential of in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to characterize musculoskeletal tumors and to determine preoperative levels of histological necrosis, which is an important clinical indicator of patient response. Pretherapy MRS was performed on 28 patients with large musculoskeletal tumors: 13 with osteosarcoma, 3 with chondrosarcoma, 5 with malignant fibrous histiocytoma, 1 with desmoid tumor, 1 with Ewing's, 2 with hemangioendothelioma, 1 with myxoid liposarcoma, 1 with synovial cell sarcoma, and 1 with rhabdomyosarcoma. Fifteen patients had follow-up MRS examinations after commencement of chemotherapy (mean of five/patient), eight of whom have now had surgery. Elevated levels of PMEs (P < 0.01), P(i) (P < 0.01), and PDEs (P < 0.02) as well as elevated tumor pH (P < 0.05) were observed in all patients. The synovial cell sarcoma was characterized by high levels of PMEs (> 20%) and low pH (pH 6.76). This contrasted with the spectra obtained from the malignant fibrous histiocytomas which had high levels of PDEs (17 +/- 5%). Reductions in PDE levels postchemotherapy were associated with a high degree of necrosis (> 90%) at surgery, while an increase in PDE levels was associated with a low level of histological necrosis. Likewise, reductions in the ratios PDE/NTP and PDE/PCr and an increase in P(i)/PDE were also associated with a high level of necrosis.
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PMID:Tissue characterization and assessment of preoperative chemotherapeutic response in musculoskeletal tumors by in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy. 146 Nov 10

A multicenter retrospective series of 70 breast sarcomas (malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes (25), osteosarcoma (12), liposarcoma (10), stromal sarcoma (8), angiosarcoma (7), mixed types sarcoma (4), malignant histiocytoma (3), leiomyosarcoma (1)) was reviewed. The average follow-up was 5.9 years. Diagnostic tests (palpation, mammography, sonography and cytology) were poorly sensitive, and a large proportion of cases, appearing as regular, sharp bordered, rounded masses were diagnosed as benign fibroadenomas. Surgery (limited (29), mastectomy (41)) was the treatment of choice. Axillary nodes were rarely involved (2 of 31) at pathologic staging. No significant predictors of local recurrences (12 cases) were observed although recurrences were more frequent in larger lesions (0-20 mm = 1.1%, 21-50 mm = 1.7%, > 50 mm = 6.1% women-year) and in cases treated with limited surgery (limited surgery 4.6%, mastectomy 2.0% women-year). Distant metastases (16 cases) were less frequent in malignant cystosarcoma phyllodes or liposarcoma patients, but no other significant predictors of distant metastases were evidenced. Five-year disease-free or overall survival was 50% or 66%, respectively. The study confirms that breast sarcomas are rare, difficult to diagnose, but can be cured by surgical treatment in a considerable proportion of cases.
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PMID:Sarcomas of the breast: a multicenter series of 70 cases. 149 28

Amplification and rearrangement of cellular proto-oncogenes are two of the several possible genetic alterations implicated in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Although morphologically similar tumors may be heterogeneous at the level of the genome, some tumor types have shown relatively frequent and consistent abnormalities of specific oncogenes. In order to determine the frequency of oncogene amplification and rearrangement in several types of human sarcomas and to determine if histologically similar tumors have common genetic alterations, we analyzed 26 primary sarcomas by Southern hybridization. The oncogene probes utilized were N- and H-ras, sis, EGF-R (erb-B-1), neu (erb-B-2), fos, N- and c-myc, mos, and yes. The tumors studied included: five rhabdomyosarcomas (one alveolar, four embryonal), six malignant fibrous histiocytomas, six leiomyosarcomas, four liposarcomas, two Ewing's sarcomas, one osteosarcoma, and two fibrosarcomas. Oncogene abnormalities were identified in three tumors. One rhabdomyosarcoma showed 12-fold amplification and concurrent rearrangement of sis. This particular tumor also revealed rearrangement of H-ras and 15-fold amplification of c-myc. A second rhabdomyosarcoma revealed rearrangement of neu. A liposarcoma had a sis rearrangement. These findings suggest that many sarcomas show no common structural oncogene abnormalities. The presence of differing oncogene alterations within the rhabdomyosarcoma group indicates genetic heterogeneity among histologically similar sarcomas. The finding of a sis rearrangement in both a liposarcoma and a rhabdomyosarcoma, however, may suggest common oncogenesis among different tumor types.
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PMID:Genomic alterations in sarcomas: a histologic correlative study with use of oncogene panels. 149 46

In this study, two specimens of a parosteal osteosarcoma, a rare primary bone neoplasm comprising only 3-6% of all osteosarcomas, were cytogenetically analyzed utilizing standard techniques. In contrast to the complex karyotypes previously reported in osteosarcoma, this particular histologic subtype was characterized by a single chromosomal aberration, a ring chromosome. Ring chromosomes have been described as characteristic for two other low-grade malignant mesenchymal neoplasms, well-differentiated liposarcoma and dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. We propose that the observation of a ring chromosome in osteosarcoma also correlates with a low-grade malignant potential.
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PMID:Ring chromosome in parosteal osteosarcoma. Clinical and diagnostic significance. 152 Dec 34

Carcinosarcomas of the bladder are rare. We describe three such tumours, including an apparently unique case in which the components comprised liposarcoma and poorly-differentiated transitional cell elements. A second example included chondrosarcomatous elements. These two tumours showed architectural and immunocytochemical features which suggested that they had originated as carcinomas but had subsequently differentiated along both epithelial and mesenchymal pathways. The third tumour contained both carcinoma and osteosarcoma and may represent a collision tumour.
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PMID:Bladder carcinosarcomas: three cases with diverse histogenesis. 168 90


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