Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five patients with nonlymphomatous sarcoma metastatic to the brain are presented and the literature reviewed. In 50 patients, brain metastasis was verified pathologically and some case data were available, including the five reported here. In five patients, there was pathologic verification but no case data. Thirty-nine other patients were found without such verification. Reportedly, most types of sarcomas are able to metastasize to the brain, and are represented in these 94 patients. Fibrosarcoma and alveolar soft-part sarcoma tumors metastasize to the brain without regard to treatment technique. There may be a group of tumors, including malignant fibrous histiocytoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and perhaps leiomyosarcoma and osteosarcoma, in which the incidence of brain metastases has increased with improved sarcoma chemotherapy (CT). In this group particularly, but also in alveolar soft-part sarcoma and others, the presence of lung metastases may increase the probability of brain metastasis occurring subsequently.
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PMID:Sarcoma metastatic to the brain. 327 83

Six unusual cases of tumor involvement of the heart and pericardium, diagnosed antemortem by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE), are described. The tumors consisted one each of sacral chordoma, mediastinal seminoma, leiomyosarcoma of the uterus, osteosarcoma, invasive thymoma, and lung cancer. The current study again recognizes the concept that any type of malignant tumor has a possibility of involving the heart. If cardiac involvement is suspected, 2DE examination should be performed in patients with any kind of malignant tumor. The information obtained not only provides guidance for therapeutic maneuvers, but also is beneficial for follow-up observation of the patients and assessment of the therapy.
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PMID:The value of two-dimensional echocardiography in detecting malignant tumors in the heart. 346 93

A rare case of malignant mesenchymoma in a 58-year-old woman is described. The tumor grew rapidly for a month and was located in the mesosigmoid. The resected tumor measured 25 X 20 X 20 cm and weighed 5,000 g. It metastasized into the great omentum within four months after operation. Histologically, this tumor was composed of undifferentiated sarcomatous elements, but in some parts revealed patterns of differentiation, including leiomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and osteosarcoma. In areas of osteosarcoma, the bone tissue varied from immature to mature. The histology of the recurrent tumors was similar to that of the first tumor. We considered that undifferentiated sarcomatous elements contained pluripotential cells which could differentiate multiple, mature malignant mesenchymes.
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PMID:[Malignant mesenchymoma of the mesocolon]. 358 48

Sarcomas of childhood rank fifth in incidence of malignant tumors in children younger than 15 years. Among the soft tissue sarcomas, approximately 50% are rhabdomyosarcomas. The remainder represent a heterogeneous group of diverse sarcomas which are not unique to children and include fibrosarcoma, synoviosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, malignant schwannoma, angiosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, and others. The most common bone cancers in childhood are osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Although a multidisciplinary approach utilizing surgery, irradiation, and combination chemotherapy is routinely used in management of virtually all children with solid tumors, the value of adjuvant chemotherapy in select bone and rare soft tissue sarcomas is currently being tested. Multiagent chemotherapy including vincristine, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, and Adriamycin (doxorubicin) contribute to cure rates in 65% to 75% of children with localized rhabdomyosarcoma, Stages I to III, when combined with surgery and/or irradiation. Other drugs which hold promise include platinum, DTIC, methotrexate, and VP-16. The efficacy of similar drugs in the rarer pediatric soft tissue sarcomas other than rhabdomyosarcoma and its variants requires prospective randomized trials evaluating histologic grade, tumor size, and nodal status. It has been suggested that the high-grade sarcomas presenting with minimal tumor bulk are most sensitive to combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy, whereas the low-grade sarcomas are more resistant to such therapy. Tumor cell heterogeneity contributes to biologic diversity and response to treatment. Chemotherapy as adjuvant therapy to irradiation is currently recommended and utilized for Ewing's sarcoma with survival rates approaching 80%, and disease-free survival of approximately 75% for those with localized disease. Children with widespread and metastatic disease at presentation fare less well. Although multiple single agents exhibit response rates ranging from 40% to 60%, including cyclophosphamide, Adriamycin, dactinomycin, BCNU, mithramycin, and 5-fluorouracil, new and more effective agents are needed. Controversy regarding the value of multiagent chemotherapy in osteosarcoma has stimulated prospective randomized trials. Evaluation of local control rates as well as sites and occurrence of metastases are essential in assessing the contribution of aggressive combined modality therapy in the pediatric sarcomas. Emphasis on refinement of therapy in determining the risk/benefit ratio from adjuvant chemotherapy in pediatric sarcomas is mandatory. Enhancement of early local reactions is apparent when adjuvant chemotherapy is used with local radiotherapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:The value of adjuvant chemotherapy in the management of sarcomas in children. 388 37

Fifty-eight adults with unresectable metastatic sarcomas received monthly courses of bleomycin, cylcophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (BCAP) in combination. Following four courses of BCAP, alternating monthly courses of vincristine, cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin and vincristine, doxorubicin, and dacarbazine were begun. Treatment was continued until disease progression or the achievement of disease resectability, with elimination of doxorubicin after a total dose of 520 mg/m2 had been received. Ten patients electively stopped treatment prematurely. One other patient was removed from treatment because of significant pulmonary toxicity. Of the 58 patients 20 (34%) achieved partial regression of disease including 10 of 18 with leiomyosarcoma, 2 of 8 with malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 3 of 8 with osteosarcoma, 3 of 7 with fibrosarcoma, 1 of 2 with epithelioid sarcoma, and 1 of 1 with mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Median time to disease progression was 174 days and median survival was 341 days. The percentage of patients achieving disease regression on this study was nearly the same as the percentage achieving disease regression on study of CAP in advanced sarcomas.
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PMID:Failure of bleomycin to improve the therapeutic effects of a combination of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (CAP) in advanced sarcomas. 620 46

Three cases of heterologous sarcomas of the uterus are presented. Two were mixed tumors; one was a lipoleiomyosarcoma; and one was an osteogenic sarcoma with leiomyosarcoma. The third was a rhabdomyosarcoma. These tumors are believed to behave more aggressively than mixed mesodermal tumors. Six months after initial diagnosis, the lipolieomyosarcoma had metastasized to a vertebra. Following radiation therapy, the metastases recurred at the same site. The rhabdomyosarcoma of the uterus produced lung metastases 4 months following surgery, and the patient died 14 months after initial diagnosis despite extensive chemotherapy. The patient with osteogenic sarcoma of the uterus with leiomyosarcoma had been treated with Adriamycin and is alive and well 1 year following initial diagnosis. The histogenesis of these tumors is reviewed.
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PMID:Heterologous sarcomas of the uterus. 630 4

Intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy of Hodgkin's Disease has resulted in improved survival rates. With long-term follow-up, however, a risk of secondary malignancy in these individuals is now appreciated. The authors of this report have encountered five patients who developed bone or soft tissue sarcomata more than 5 years after treatment of Hodgkin's Disease. The four males and one female ranged in age from 14 to 74 years at the time of diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease. Two had received radiotherapy alone for treatment of Hodgkin's disease, two were treated with radiation and chemotherapy, and one received only chemotherapy. The latent period prior to diagnosis of sarcoma ranged from 6 to 11 years. There was one case each of neurofibrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. Four patients died within 1 year of the diagnosis of sarcoma. One is alive with no evidence of disease 2 years following diagnosis and surgical excision of the sarcoma. On the basis of the Massachusetts General Hospital experience in the treatment of Hodgkin's Disease, the authors calculate a risk of 0.9% of sarcoma occurring in five year survivors of Hodgkin's disease. Previously reported cases of sarcoma following treatment of Hodgkin's disease are summarized. The pertinent literature is reviewed.
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PMID:Sarcoma of bone and soft tissue following treatment of Hodgkin's disease. 636 Mar 33

We present the clinical and pathologic features of a malignant mesenchymoma of the small intestine. Light and electron microscopic studies of the sarcoma revealed multiple patterns of differentiation, including fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and osteosarcoma. A recurrence had the morphologic nature of a mesenchymal chondrosarcoma. Clinically, the neoplasm was not detected by barium contrast radiography, but it was readily defined by sonography and computed tomography. Despite aggressive surgery and chemotherapy, the patient died 15 months after the diagnosis was made.
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PMID:Malignant mesenchymoma of the small intestine. 654 96

Sixteen autopsy cases of the primary sarcomas of the mouth and jaws were reviewed, which included 1 chondrosarcoma, 3 osteosarcomas, 1 leiomyosarcoma, 7 rhabdomyosarcomas and 4 histiocytic lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma). Although the case materials studied were too small, the pattern of the spread of the sarcomas of the mouth and jaw was likely to be divided into two groups, localized and generalized. The former is comprised of chondrosarcoma osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma and pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma. The latter is comprised of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and histiocytic lymphoma. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma belongs to either depending on the case. The former, being resistant to local therapy, tended to recur with a contiguous spread but was slow to metastasize. Metastases were limited to the lung and pleura through the hematogenous route. The primary sarcoma of the latter group were not so extended in local spread and occasionally cured with therapy. However, metastases, both hematogenous and lymphogenous, were generalized.
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PMID:Sarcomas of the mouth and jaws--a study of 16 autopsy cases. 675 65

Mixed mesenchymal neoplasms of the uterus of 8 mice had either leiomyosarcoma or fibrosarcoma components. 6 had osteoid and 2 had both vacuolated and undifferentiated neoplastic cells. The putative chondrosarcoma component varied from a poorly-differentiated appearance (sheet-like masses of cells) to a myxoid appearance with giant cells and cells with cytoplasmic vacuoles. 1 tumour contained well-differentiated bone that was located within the primary and just beneath the splenic capsule. In another tumour composed of osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and fibrosarcoma, the latter component had invaded the wall of the rectum.
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PMID:Mixed mesenchymal tumours of the mouse uterus. 695 37


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