Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Case histories of 5 tumor patients treated with natural leukocyte interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) are presented. One patient with juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis responded well to interferon treatment, but the disease recurred when therapy was withdrawn. Upon reinstitution of treatment, the patient once again responded well. Another patient with myelomatosis also responded well to interferon therapy and in this case, too, the tumor recurred when interferon treatment was withdrawn. Reinstitution of interferon therapy was, however, unsuccessful. One patient with generalized giant cell tumor of bone responded with regression after more than 5 years of interferon treatment. Another patient with pulmonary osteosarcoma metastases, having received irradiation and interferon combination therapy followed by sole interferon treatment, responded well with a lasting stationary radiogram after 6 years of interferon treatment. One patient with malignant glioma, showing signs of tumor growth during the first few months of interferon therapy, eventually responded, and became disease-free after 6 years. The latter 3 patients are continuously receiving interferon therapy although more than 5 years have elapsed since their interferon therapy was initiated. It is suggested that interferon therapy for malignant tumors be given for life (or to progression of disease) in responding patients. Such a concept entails biological implications for interferon therapy in general and for antitumor action of interferons in particular. Other possible clinical schedules should only be constructed within the framework of controlled clinical trials.
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PMID:Does successful interferon treatment of tumor patients require life-long treatment? 347 1

Six different types of spheroids of both human and rodent origin were cultured, using the liquid-overlay technique. Oxygen gradients were measured with micro-electrodes, when the spheroids were attached to thin cover-glasses. The gradients were measured from the upper surface towards the center of the spheroids. Stable and reproducible gradients were obtained. Large variations were seen in the steepness of the gradients, depending both on the type and on the size of the spheroids. An interesting phenomenon was discovered. When some types of spheroids were cultured in a medium with a low oxygen pressure (medium equilibrated with gas containing 4-5% O2), the gradients continuously changed and became flatter. Detailed studies showed that most of the changes occurred within 2 days after the transfer to the low oxygen pressure. After 2 days, no further dramatic changes took place. This phenomenon was seen in two types of human glioma (U-118 MG and U-178 MG) and two types of embryonic, hamster lung-cell (V-79-379A and CHEL) spheroids. In the cases of human-osteosarcoma (U-393 OS) and human thyroid-cancer (HTh7) spheroids, no such changes could be seen. The low oxygen tension in the culture medium was chosen to mimic the environmental conditions in solid tumors.
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PMID:Influence of the oxygen pressure in the culture medium on the oxygenation of different types of multicellular spheroids. 385 48

Data were collected over a 5-yr period on brain tumours occurring spontaneously among Sprague-Dawley-derived rats in the HRC laboratories. Gliomas, like meningiomas, tended to occur more among males than in females, and in general appeared to be lesions of older rats. Astrocytic tumours of rats were less differentiated than those in man. The characteristic patterns of human glioblastoma multiforme were not observed in this series. Most of the astrocytomas were located in the cerebral areas. Secondary deposits observed in brain included those from tumours of Zymbal's gland, squamous-cell carcinoma, mammary adenocarcinoma, osteosarcoma and lymphoreticular neoplasms.
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PMID:Spontaneous brain tumours in Sprague-Dawley rats. 395 59

A human clonal glioma cell line, U-343 MGa Cl 2, cultured under serum-free conditions, was found to release a factor that competed with 125I-labeled platelet-derived growth factor (125I-PDGF) for binding to human foreskin fibroblasts. The concentration of competing activity in conditioned medium was equal to 20-30 ng of PDGF per ml. The PDGF receptor competing activity had an elution position on Sephadex G-200 close to that of tracer PDGF. The same fractions in the chromatogram also contained growth-promoting activity and material active in a PDGF radioimmunoassay. Incubation of partially purified, 125I-labeled glioma factor with fibroblasts, or rabbit anti-PDGF serum, led to the selective binding of a component with an estimated Mr of 31,000, as shown by NaDodSO4/gel electrophoresis under nonreducing conditions. After reduction this component migrated as a Mr 18,000 protein. Thus, the behavior in NaDodSO4/gel electrophoresis was similar to that of PDGF. Furthermore, incubation of partially purified glioma factor with immobilized PDGF antibodies markedly decreased the amount of PDGF receptor competing activity remaining in the supernatant. These results suggest that the factor produced by glioma cells has structural, immunological, and functional resemblance to PDGF. We previously reported that a human osteosarcoma cell line produces a PDGF-like molecule with growth-promoting activity. Taken together with the recent finding that PDGF is homologous to the transforming gene product of simian sarcoma virus, our present data give additional support for the idea that an autocrine activation of the PDGF receptor may be operational in the growth of human tumors of mesenchymal or glial origin.
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PMID:A glioma-derived analog to platelet-derived growth factor: demonstration of receptor competing activity and immunological crossreactivity. 632 78

A method based on the spontaneous outgrowth of cells from spheroids was tested. Different outgrowth patterns were seen depending on the types of spheroids and on the radiation or drug doses. The method allowed dose-effect relations to be determined. Spheroid survival was defined as when the outgrowing monolayers contained at least thousand cells within five weeks. The method was used as an alternative to cloning of isolated single cells. The glioma and osteosarcoma spheroids could not be disintegrated to single cell suspensions since they resisted enzymatic and mechanical treatments for cell separation. Detection of differences in radio and chemosensitivity between different types of spheroids of human origin might be valuable for the understanding of the large variations in therapeutical response often seen between different types of tumors.
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PMID:A method to measure the radio and chemosensitivity of human spheroids. 635 7

Six monoclonal antibodies(Mabs) including 4 anti-melanoma, one anti-glioma, and one anti-HLA-DR have been tested in a 125I-protein A antibody binding assay using a panel of 34 different cell lines. This panel included 19 melanomas from different clinical and geographical origins, 10 fibroblast lines out of which 9 were established from melanoma patients, 2 glial cell lines, 1 osteosarcoma, 1 teratocarcinoma, and 1 murine melanoma. The reactivity pattern of the 4 anti-melanoma Mabs showed that they were not directed against antigens strictly restricted to melanoma, but rather against antigenic structures preferentially expressed on melanoma cells. These Mabs were found to crossreact with gliomas, thus they seem to recognize neuroectoderm associated differentiation antigens. The high crossreactivity of the anti-glioma Mab for melanoma was confirmed in this study. As expected from the literature, HLA-DR antigens were found to be expressed on more than 50% of the melanoma lines tested. The cellular distribution of the antigens recognized by two anti-melanoma Mabs on melanoma cells could be visualized by an autoradiographic procedure. From the labeling pattern it was concluded that only a proportion of the cells, varying from 13 to 38%, expressed the relevant antigen.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to human melanoma associated antigens: study of their specificity and visualization at the cellular level of the antigenic distribution. 657 27

Serial serological studies were carried out on 19 of 20 patients with malignant gliomas who were actively immunized with one of two human glioma tissue culture cell lines (D-54MG or U-251MG). Most patients mounted a significant serum reaction to histocompatibility antigens (HLA's), as well as an antibody response to fetal bovine serum (FBS) which was added to the glioma-cell inoculum. These two sources of antibody accounted for greater than 90% of the antibody induced by these inoculations. Two patients continued to have significant amounts of binding antibody to the original immunizing cell line following exhaustive absorptions of FBS and these two had all remaining significant antibody removed by further absorption of the serum against the 2-T osteogenic sarcoma tissue culture cell line known to possess antigens cross-reactive with human gliomas. One single patient continued to show significant antibody binding to the original glioma cell line following absorption against FBS, human platelets, and the 2-T cell line, and therefore seems to have produced glioma-distinctive antibodies in response to immunization. The antibody preparation from this patient was also cytotoxic against the original glioma cell line, as well as another recently cultured human glioblastoma cell line. The significance of these serological studies is discussed as it relates to immunological responses patients with gliomas may make to active immunization.
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PMID:Immunobiology of primary intracranial tumors. Part 8: Serological responses to active immunization of patients with anaplastic gliomas. 660 66

Substituted oxoisoindolines are effective cytotoxic agents, causing cell death in a number of tissue culture lines, e.g. L1210, Tmolt-3, and HeLa-S3. In general these agents were not active against the solid cell growth, i.e. KB, skin, HCT-8 ileum, colon, bronchogenic lung, osteosarcoma and glioma. The mode of action of the derivatives involves inhibition of de novo purine synthesis of Tmolt-3 cells, which reduces DNA and RNA syntheses. Purine synthesis was reduced by compound 16 at both regulatory enzymes, i.e. PRPP amido transferase, IMP dehydrogenase and dihydrofolate reductase. The agent lowered d(GTP) and d(CTP) pool levels, further reducing DNA synthesis. DNA strand scission was evident after incubation with Compound 16 for 24 hr at 100 microM and some undefined interaction between the drug and the nucleoside bases appeared to occur, lowering DNA synthesis and causing cell death.
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PMID:The cytotoxicity of [(N-alkyl-1H,3H-1-oxoisoindoline-5-yl-oxyl alkanoates and related benzamides in murine and human tissue cultured cell lines. 765 21

Substituted isoindoline-1,3-diones are effective cytotoxic agents, causing cell death in a number of tissue culture lines, e.g. L1210, Tmolt-3, and HeLa-S3. In general these agents were not active against the solid cell growth, i.e. KB, skin, colon, HCT-8 ileum, colon, bronchogenic lung, osteosarcoma and glioma. The mode of action of the derivatives involves inhibition of de novo purine synthesis of Tmolt-3 cells, which reduces DNA and RNA syntheses. Purine synthesis was reduced by compound 4 at both regulatory enzymes, i.e. PRPP amido transferase and IMP dehydrogenase. The agent lowered d(GTP) pools, further reducing DNA synthesis. DNA strand scission was evident after incubation with Compound 4 for 24 hr at 100 microM, lowering DNA synthesis and causing cell death.
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PMID:The cytotoxicity of [(N-alkyl-1,3-dioxo-1H,3H-isoindolin-5-yl)oxy]-alkanoic acids in murine and human tissue cultured cell lines. 765 22

The 1-acyl- and 1,2-diacyl-4,4-diethyl-3,5-pyrazolinediones proved to be cytotoxic against the growth of a number of cell lines, including murine and human leukemias. HeLa suspended carcinoma, colon adencarcinoma SW480, KB nasopharynx and glioma tumors. Selected compounds were also active in the human lung bronchogenic MB-9812, and osteosarcoma TE418 screens. These derivatives were active in vivo in the Ehrlich ascites carcinoma screen in CF-1 mice at 8 mg/kg/day I.P. The mode of action in Tmol3 leukemia cells showed that the compounds reduced de novo synthesis of purines and pyrimidines and inhibited dihydrofolate reductase and ribonucleoside reductase activities. The DNA molecule was not a target although limited DNA strand scission may be possible.
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PMID:The cytotoxic activity of 1-acyl- and 1,2-diacyl-4,4-diethyl-3,5-pyrazolidinediones. 773 34


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