Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0029463 (osteosarcoma)
 16,637 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pathological fractures caused by primary bone tumours are rare compared with fractures evolving in response to general osteoporosis or bone metastases. Nevertheless in cases of fracture due to inadequate trauma the underlying causality has to be clarified including histological analysis prior to the operating procedure. This case report demonstrates diagnostic and therapeutic standards in cases of pathological fracture of the proximal femur caused by osteosarcoma.
 ...
PMID:[Management problems in the diagnostic work-up and treatment of pathological fracture of the proximal femur. Clinical case report]. 1651 44

A consensus on the clinical course of fibrous dysplasia has not yet emerged in the literature. We retrospectively evaluated 36 patients who were diagnosed with fibrous dysplasia in our institution and were followed for a mean duration of 56.5 months (range 7-210 months). Their mean age was 25.8 years (range 5-67 years); 46.7% were male. The most frequent presenting complaints were pain (66% of patients) and pathological fracture (20%). Osteosarcoma developed in one patient 20 years after he had undergone radiation therapy for fibrous dysplasia in the tibia. Mazabraud syndrome was encountered in two patients, and aneurysmal bone cyst associated with fibrous dysplasia was seen in one patient. Fibrous dysplasia is generally considered a static disease, but with long-term follow-up it is found to have a more dynamic nature. For this reason, patients with fibrous dysplasia should be followed carefully over the long-term.
 ...
PMID:Management of fibrous dysplasia. A report on 36 cases. 1744 65

The influence of pathological fracture on surgical management, local recurrence and survival was established in patients with high grade, localised, extremity osteosarcoma (n=484), chondrosarcoma (n=130) and Ewing's sarcoma (n=156). Limb salvage was possible in 79% of patients with a fracture compared to 84% of patients without a fracture (p=0.17). No difference in local recurrence was found between fracture and control groups. In univariate analysis, survival in the fracture group was lower than in the control group for osteosarcoma (34% versus 58%, p<0.01) and chondrosarcoma (35% versus 63%, p=0.04), but not for Ewing's sarcoma (75% versus 64%, p=0.80). In multivariate analysis, fracture remained a significant predictor of survival for osteosarcoma, but not for chondrosarcoma, where dedifferentiated subtype appeared to be decisive. Pathological fracture independently predicts worse survival in osteosarcoma, but not chondrosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Limb saving surgery seems safe, if adequate resection margins are achieved.
 ...
PMID:Do pathological fractures influence survival and local recurrence rate in bony sarcomas? 1769 47

Traditional prognostic determinants in osteosarcoma have included demographics (age, sex), tumour size, site, stage, and the response to chemotherapy. Many of these are determined using varying techniques and units of measurement, which can make comparison between studies difficult. The absence of survival difference between limb sparing surgery and amputation has been repeatedly demonstrated in primary disease, and even in the setting of pathological fracture. On the other hand, there is still some controversy over the existence of increased local recurrence for limb-sparing surgery, and the implications of this. Commonly used prognostic determinants such as metastases, and response to chemotherapy enable a high degree of prognostic accuracy but usually at a late stage in the course of disease. Leading on from this, there is a need to uncover molecular pathways with specific influence over osteosarcoma progression to facilitate earlier treatment changes. Some important pathways are already being defined, for example the association of CXCR4 with metastases on presentation, the likelihood of doxorubicin resistance with positive P-glycoprotein, and the reduced survival prediction of over expressed survivin. It is anticipated that the future of osteosarcoma treatment will involve treatment tailored to the molecular profile of tumours at diagnosis, adjuvant therapy directed towards dysfunctional molecular pathways rather than the use of cytotoxics, and a more standardised approach to the measurement of clinical prognostic factors.
 ...
PMID:A review of clinical and molecular prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. 1796 83

A diaphyseal, intramedullary, highly sclerotic lesion presenting as a pathological fracture, without a periosteal reaction or an appreciable soft tissue component on radiographs was investigated. A discrepancy between the MRI and histopathological findings led to marginal excision of the lesion only to reveal later that it was a sclerotic variety of osteosarcoma. Such a presentation has not been reported in literature as per our knowledge. We forfeited the opportunity of limb salvage by doing initial marginal excision and fixation. In such circumstances, a representative biopsy is critical and repeat biopsy is warranted before going for definitive management.
 ...
PMID:Diaphyseal sclerotic osteosarcoma presenting as a pathological fracture. 1881 Oct 46

Two cases with clavicula pro humero reconstruction are described after extensive extraarticular wide resection of osteosarcoma due to the aggressive invasion, pre-operative pathological fracture, and relatively resistant to preoperative chemotherapy. Each patient had proximal humeral osteosarcoma and needed extraarticular resection. One necessitated more than two-third of humeral resection and reconstructed with rotated clavicle reconstruction with use of pasteurized intercalary autogenous bone graft. The other necessitated wide scapular resection, preserving acromio-clavicular joint, could be reconstructed with rotated clavicle. Both had soft tissue reconstruction with pedicled lattissimus dorsi muscle flap for soft tissue defect. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score was 73% and 87%, comparable for a previous report with clavicle pro humero reconstruction after conventional resection of proximal humerus or other reconstructive procedures. One had postoperative complication of prominent acromion with skin perforation. Both patients are alive with no evidence of disease, and no local recurrence. Clavicula pro humero reconstruction should be considered in selected patients for whom acromio-clavicular joint could be preserved after extensive resection of humerus or glenoid to obtain wide surgical margin.
 ...
PMID:Reconstruction of the proximal humerus after extensive extraarticular resection for osteosarcoma: a report of two cases with clavicula pro humero reconstruction. 1894 8

A nine-year-old boy presented with increasingly worsening right shoulder pain of 18 months' duration. On physical examination, there was a tender firm swelling over the right upper arm. Radiographs showed a large osteolytic lesion in the proximal humeral diaphysis, with prominent mixed acute-on-chronic periosteal reaction in a lamellar fashion. There was a pathological fracture. The lesion appeared to be radiographically aggressive in nature. Bone scintiscan showed solitary marked uptake. On-table frozen section histopathological examination of the lesion showed an osteoblastic lesion with aggressive features. Completion curettage and high speed burring of the cavity was performed. In view of the patient's young age, which required a biological solution, and potential for local recurrence, that necessitated a radiopaque filler, the lesion was packed with a calcium phosphate cement paste. The final diagnosis was osteoblastoma with aggressive features. The patient remained well on follow-up to date. The filler continues to be remodelled to native tissue and there is no evidence of local recurrence. Osteoblastoma is a relatively rare benign tumour that typically occurs in the posterior elements of the vertebral column. The humerus is a very rare site of disease in the appendicular skeleton, and poses a diagnostic dilemma which implicates the possibility of osteogenic sarcoma.
 ...
PMID:Aggressive osteoblastoma of the proximal humerus. 1922 61

Secondary or pathologic fractures, associated with osteosarcoma, have been considered for a long time to be a negative prognosis regarding its evolution in the patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic importance of such pathologic fractures in osteosarcoma patients receiving new therapies as well as the best conditions for surgery aiming at "limbs salvage". On a total of 22 patients affected by osteosarcoma, we performed a retrospective study with 12 patients showing pathologic fractures caused by osteosarcoma and 10 patients without any pathologic fracture. The patients enrolled into Timisoara University Hospital have been followed up along 5 years or until a reappearance of either the disease or metastases, distant or local.
 ...
PMID:Secondary pathologic fractures in osteosarcoma: prognosis and evolution. 1949 40

Mucormycosis are opportunistic infections mostly observed in immunocompromised patients. We report the case of a 13-year-old girl who suffered a systemic mucormycosis without presenting the usual risk factors. She was undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy for advanced osteosarcoma of the femur with an uncommunicative pathologic fracture and pulmonary metastasis. Absidia corymbifera was isolated from skin lesions at the primary tumor site. She subsequently developed fungal pulmonary localizations and blood vessel thrombosis. Surgical treatment together with systemic, high doses of liposomal amphotericin B, posaconazole, and caspofungin cured the local infection and controlled systemic lesions. Unfortunately, the break in chemotherapy led to pulmonary metastasis progression.
 ...
PMID:Successful triple combination therapy of disseminated absidia corymbifera infection in an adolescent with osteosarcoma. 2009 34

This paper evaluates the clinical, radiological and histomorphologic effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 37 patients with II B osteosarcomas. The results are compared according to the type of surgery, local recurrence and lung metastasis at a minimal follow up of five years in patients who underwent surgery at the orthopedic clinic in Prague Bulovka in 1982 - 1992. All patients continued with adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery. Bad clinical response (increase of circumference, decrease in range of motion and increase of pain) correlated with the bad histologic response evaluated according to the COSS criteria. Accurate evaluation of a complete radiological documentation (tumor calcification on plain radiographs and CT scans, decrease of tumor volume on plain radiographs and CT scans or MRI and the disappearance of pathologic vascularisation) can quite precisely estimate a good response to preoperative chemotherapy and indicate limb sparing surgery. The radiological evaluation, especially of an incomplete record, does not always fully correlate with the histomorphologic response. Good prognosis for long term survival was observed in patients with a more then 80% tumor cell necrosis. CT scans or MRI performed immediately before the beginning and at the end of preoperative chemotherapy are necessary for a reliable evaluation of tumor calcification and intramedullar tumor spread. The persistence or disappearance of pathologic vascularisation seems to be the most significant marker to evaluate residual vital tumor cells. A good radiological response enables a safe indication for a limb sparing procedure as an alternative to amputation. The radiological evaluation must be correlated with different histomorphologic osteosarcoma subtypes as well as with possible changes, especially in vascularisation, due to an incorrect biopsy or pathologic fracture. Key words: osteosarcoma, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, long term survival, indication for limb salvage.
 ...
PMID:[Osteosarcoma - Clinical, Radiological and Histologic Evaluation of Preoperative Chemotherapy in Correlation with Long-term Survival.]. 2047 Jun 32


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>